Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献

{"title":"Pre-pandemic electrodermal activity predicts current COVID-related fears: household size during lockdown as a moderating factor.","authors":"Danny Horesh,&nbsp;Nir Milstein,&nbsp;Alon Tomashin,&nbsp;Oded Mayo,&nbsp;Ilanit Gordon","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2021.2006179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.2006179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Despite the immense impact of COVID-19 on mental health, there is a lack of prospective studies examining physiological predictors of current risk factors. Moreover, although physiological processes evidently interact with socio-demographic factors to modulate individuals' response to a crisis, it remains largely unknown how these complex interactions shape people's mental responses to COVID-19. To fill these gaps of knowledge, we chose a potent physiological marker of distress - heightened baseline electrodermal activity (EDA) measured before the pandemic began - and hypothesized it would be related to greater COVID-related fears and worries as a function of individuals' household size.<b>Method:</b> 185 individuals (71% women), who had participated in our lab studies 2-3 years ago, in which we assessed their baseline EDA, completed several questionnaires online, including assessments of their current fears regarding COVID. Participants also reported the number of people in their household, with whom they had been together during a lockdown which was taking place at the time. We used pre-pandemic EDA measures in combination with their household size to predict participants' current fears.<b>Results:</b> Pre-pandemic EDA measures predicted current COVID-related fears and worries. Specifically for the EDA measure \"number of skin conductance responses\", we further found that the number of people in the household during the lockdown, moderated the abovementioned relationship, such that it occurred in individuals with average and larger households and not in those with small households.<b>Conclusions:</b> We provide a highly relevant and unique combination of physiological, socio-demographic, and psychological measures, which augments the potential to optimally target populations vulnerable to COVID-related distress, and subsequently offer them early mental health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39903456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does self-perceived income priority matter? The association between income inequality and allostatic load in China.","authors":"Ruoxi Ding,&nbsp;Xin Ye,&nbsp;Siyuan Chen,&nbsp;Yanshang Wang,&nbsp;Dawei Zhu,&nbsp;Ping He","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2021.1999407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.1999407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a scarcity of evidence about the association between income inequality and allostatic load (AL) across diverse population, which is critical to identify the downstream biological pathway of the inequality-health linkage. This study aimed to determine the association of income inequality with AL, and assess whether there are differences in such association between people with different perception of income priority. We utilized data from the 2006 and 2009 wave of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Multilevel linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between AL score and community Gini coefficient. Additionally, to investigate whether the association of income inequality and AL score would vary among individuals with different perception of income priority, a cross-level interaction term for Gini coefficient and self-perceived income priority was applied. Both the cross-sectional analysis in 2009 (coefficient = 0.081, <i>p</i> = .016) and the time-lagged analysis (0.106, 0.008) suggested that community-level Gini coefficient was positively associated with AL. Similar result was only found among individuals from low median income communities in subsample analysis. Additionally, the cross-level interaction between Gini coefficient and self-perceived income priority was significantly associated with AL among respondents from low-median income communities. There is a positive association between income inequality and AL among Chinese adults, with individual who perceived income as a higher priority in their life suffering more from income inequality. This study contributes to the increasing efforts and new perspective to understand the inner mechanism of both the detrimental effect of income inequality and the accumulation of AL.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39705345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary L-citrulline influences body temperature and inflammatory responses during nitric oxide synthase inhibition and endotoxin challenge in chickens.","authors":"Victoria Anthony Uyanga,&nbsp;Jingpeng Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Wang,&nbsp;Hongchao Jiao,&nbsp;Okanlawon M Onagbesan,&nbsp;Hai Lin","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2021.2023495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.2023495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have revealed the role of L-citrulline (L-CIT) in thermoregulation, but very little is known about the mechanisms involved. In this study, nitric oxide synthase inhibition and endotoxin-induced fever were used to investigate the effects of L-CIT on body temperature and inflammatory responses. In experiment 1, NW-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 150 mg/kg BW), was i. p. injected into chicks fed with basal (CON) or L-CIT diets for 14 days. In experiment 2, Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg/kg BW) was i. p. injected following 21d feeding with CON or L-CIT diets. In experiment 3, chickens were injected with either L-NAME, LPS, or L-NAME + LPS following 26 days feeding with CON or L-CIT diets. The rectal (RT), ear (ET), and core body temperature (CBT) of chickens were examined. Results showed that L-NAME effectively decreased the RT, ET, CBT, and plasma NO concentration. In contrast, LPS increased NO levels and initiated hyperthermia by increasing RT, ET, CBT, and PGE2 levels. L-CIT diet reduced the mean CBT in experiment 1 and diminished the NO level, PGE2 level, and mean RT in experiment 3. Co-administration of L-CIT + LPS upregulated IL-6 expression, whereas, LPS injection alone induced IL-10, IL-1β, and TLR4 gene expressions. Therefore, this study reveals that L-CIT-induced hypothermia was related to NO inhibition and a decrease in PGE2 concentration. Conversely, LPS induced hyperthermia was associated with an increase in both NO and PGE2 concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"74-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39769545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in trauma-related behavioral effects using a preclinical rat model of three predator exposure stress.","authors":"Emily Scott,&nbsp;Matthew May,&nbsp;Gabriella Silva,&nbsp;Rachel Taylor,&nbsp;Nicole Fenlon,&nbsp;Emily Lowery-Gionta,&nbsp;Liana Matson","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2022.2105647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2022.2105647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The underlying mechanisms of trauma-related disorders are challenging to discover and the disorders are difficult to treat, in part due to the complex and varied expressions of response to traumatic stress. These challenges will be easier to overcome as more is understood about the variability in response to trauma. Incorporating assessment of variability into animal models of traumatic stress may allow better translation to clinical research and treatment development. In this study, we characterized variability in behavioral responses following traumatic stress exposure using a predator exposure (PE) animal model. Elevated plus maze (EPM) and acoustic startle response (SR) were used to study avoidance and arousal symptoms in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Behavioral data were compared between control (<i>n</i> = 31) and predator-exposed (<i>n</i> = 30) rats. PE behavior was clustered using k-means principal components analysis. Four clusters and three distinct subgroups were identified and were characterized as avoidant (Cluster 4, 30%), moderately avoidant (Clusters 2 and 3, 49%), and unaffected (Cluster 1, 17%). These results demonstrate that rodent responses to PE are varied, similar to human presentations following traumatic stress, suggesting it may be possible to develop treatment strategies for varied symptom presentations using a preclinical animal model.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"276-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40579444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cesarean delivery is associated with suppressed activities of the stress axes.","authors":"Cihat Uçar,&nbsp;Mehmet Bülbül,&nbsp;Sedat Yıldız","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2021.2015318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.2015318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal pre- and post-delivery stress levels might be different for vaginal or cesarean deliveries. This study aimed to investigate the effects of type of delivery (vaginal or cesarean) and time of delivery (pre- and post-delivery) on the stress axes of the body, namely the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) and autonomic nervous system (ANS).Ninety-one pregnant women were volunteered to participate this prospective study. In these women, pre- and post-delivery HPA and ANS activities were measured noninvasively by salivary cortisol and heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. HRV was measured by 5-min electrocardiogram recording and time- and frequency-domain parameters were computed.Salivary cortisol concentration and HRV parameters were higher in women having vaginal delivery than those having cesarean delivery (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cortisol levels did not differ between pre- and post-delivery (<i>p</i> > 0.05) but the time-domain parameters of HRV decreased post-delivery (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No interactions were observed between the types and times of delivery (<i>p</i> > 0.05).HPA and ANS axes had different activity patterns throughout the delivery process and they were higher during vaginal delivery, suggesting that they are integral parts of normal birth process and that cesarean delivery perturbs the activity of both axes.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"67-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39743586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifetime exposure to violence and other life stressors and hair cortisol concentration in women.","authors":"Rebekka Lynch,&nbsp;Thor Aspelund,&nbsp;Matthías Kormáksson,&nbsp;Mario H Flores-Torres,&nbsp;Arna Hauksdóttir,&nbsp;Filip K Arnberg,&nbsp;Martín Lajous,&nbsp;Clemens Kirschbaum,&nbsp;Unnur Valdimarsdóttir","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2021.2011204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.2011204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Women are exposed to a variety of life stressors, particularly violence, during their lifetime which increases the risk of developing various psychiatric and somatic diseases, with the dysregulated secretion of cortisol as one potential biological mechanism. We examined the association between violence and other life stressors and hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in a population of urban women. We included 470 adult women (age = 21-86 years) attending the Cancer Detection Clinic in Iceland. The Life Stressor Checklist-Revised (LSC-R; 30-items) was used to assess exposure. HCC was measured with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. We used linear regression models to assess the association between life stressors and log-transformed HCC. The median HCC (pg/mg) in the study population was 4.9 (range 0.6-616.6). HCC was not associated with background covariates, including age (<i>p</i> = 0.868), education level (<i>p</i> = 0.824), marital status (<i>p</i> = 0.545), income (<i>p</i> = 0.363), occupation (<i>p</i> = 0.192), but associated with current smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.013). We noted a 3.3% (95% CI: 0.17-6.6%) associated increase in HCC per endorsed life stressor after adjusting for age and smoking, while non-violent life stressors were not associated with HCC. Per endorsed violence item, we observed a 10.2% (95% CI: 1.4-19.7%) associated increase in HCC after age and smoking adjustment. Women with lifetime exposure to both physical and sexual violence presented with higher HCC than unexposed women (<i>p</i> = 0.010), after age and smoking adjustment. Lifetime exposure to violence was associated with higher levels of HCC in a community sample of women. These findings need confirmation with prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39769548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual attitude and social cognitive stress influence autonomic nervous system in women with premenstrual syndrome.","authors":"Yao Meng,&nbsp;Lei Chang,&nbsp;Lulu Hou,&nbsp;Renlai Zhou","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2021.2024163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2021.2024163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is activated by stress and is closely related to the female menstrual cycle. Women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) have an imbalanced ANS response in their premenstrual period. However, no studies have explored the reasons for the differences in ANS response among women. In this study, we investigated how the female menstrual attitude and acute social stress influence the ANS response in women with PMS. First, 277 women [24.35 ± 2.1] were selected to measure the mediating role of women's menstrual attitude between PMS severity and perceived ANS response. Second, participants' (50 women [23.23 ± 1.25] with and 46 women [22.92 ± 2.00] without PMS) heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV; reflecting the functioning of ANS) under social stress were measured during various menstrual cycle phases. The results indicated that menstrual attitude (bothersome and predictable) had mediating effects between the degree of PMS and perceived ANS response; when undergoing a high cognitive load (e.g. mental-arithmetic) task, the ANS of the PMS group demonstrated hypo-arousal and delayed recovery in the late luteal phase; Therefore, menstrual attitude could influence female perceived ANS response, which may be a risk factor for PMS. When women with PMS experience high-strength cognitive pressure in the premenstrual period, their ANS showed hypo-arousal and delayed recovery, which may be another risk factor for PMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"87-96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39577941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"γ-Oryzanol produces an antidepressant-like effect in a chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>.","authors":"Stífani Machado Araujo,&nbsp;Vandreza Cardoso Bortolotto,&nbsp;Márcia Rósula Poetini,&nbsp;Mustafa Munir Mustafa Dahleh,&nbsp;Shanda de Freitas Couto,&nbsp;Franciane Cabral Pinheiro,&nbsp;Luana Barreto Meichtry,&nbsp;Elize Aparecida Santos Musachio,&nbsp;Bruna Piaia Ramborger,&nbsp;Rafael Roehrs,&nbsp;Gustavo Petri Guerra,&nbsp;Marina Prigol","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2020.1790519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2020.1790519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is a valid model for inducing depression-like symptoms in animal models, causing predictive behavioral, neurochemical, and physiological responses to this condition. This work aims to evaluate the possible antidepressant effect of γ-oryzanol (ORY) in the CUMS-induced depressive model in male <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. We will use the CUMS protocol to continue the study previously conducted by our research group, mimicking a depressive state in these insects. Male flies were subjected to various stressors according to a 10-day randomized schedule and concomitantly treated with ORY or fluoxetine (FLX). After the experimental period, in vivo behavioral tests were performed (open field, forced swimming, aggressiveness test, mating test, male virility, sucrose preference index and light/dark test) and <i>ex vivo</i> analyses measuring serotonin (5HT), dopamine (DA), octopamine (OCT) levels and body weight. We report here that ORY-treated flies and concomitant exposure to CUMS did not exhibit obvious behaviors such as prolonged immobility or increased aggressive behavior, reduced male mating and virility behavior, and anxiolytic behavior, in contrast to ORY, not altering sucrose preference and body weight flies exposed to CUMS. ORY effectively prevented 5HT and OCT reduction and partially protected against DA reduction. The data presented here are consistent and provide evidence for the use of ORY as a potential antidepressant compound.Lay SummaryFlies treated with ORY and concomitant exposure to CUMS did not exhibit obvious depressive-like behaviors, such as prolonged immobility in the FST or increased aggressive behavior, or reduced mating behavior, male virility, or anxiolytic behavior. ORY did not change the preference for sucrose and body weight of flies, about the levels of monoamines in the heads of flies, ORY was effective in preventing the reduction of 5HT and OCT, and we had partial protection of ORY for reducing the levels of DA.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"282-293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10253890.2020.1790519","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38211393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal NG2+ pericytes in chronically stressed rats and depressed patients: a quantitative study.","authors":"Giulia Treccani,&nbsp;Anna-Lena Schlegelmilch,&nbsp;Nina Schultz,&nbsp;David P Herzog,&nbsp;Joao M Bessa,&nbsp;Ioannis Sotiropoulos,&nbsp;Marianne B Müller,&nbsp;Malin Wennström","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2020.1781083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2020.1781083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The suggested link between major depression disorder (MDD) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations supports an impact on the neurovascular unit in this disease condition. Here we investigate how pericytes, a major component in the neurovascular unit, respond to stress, stress hormones, proinflammatory cytokine and depression.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Hippocampal sections of chronic unpredictable stressed (CMS) rats, MDD patients and respective controls were immuno-stained against NG2, where the number of NG2+ pericytes in the molecular layer was counted. Proliferation of cultured pericytes after treatment with cortisol and IL-1β was analyzed using radioactive-labeled thymidine.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The number of NG2+ pericytes was significantly higher in CMS animals than controls. Higher number of NG2+ pericytes was also detected in MDD patients, but the increase did not reach significance. IL-1β, but not cortisol, induced a significant increase in proliferation of cultured pericytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that exposure to stressful conditions affects the hippocampal pericyte population. These findings add to our knowledge about the impact of stress on the neurovascular unit, which might be relevant for understanding the alterations in BBB found in MDD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"353-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10253890.2020.1781083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38055329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of estrogen receptor alpha in response to stress and estrogen antagonist tamoxifen in the shell gland of <i>Gallus gallus domesticus</i>: involvement of anti-oxidant system and estrogen.","authors":"Mukesh Kumar Niranjan,&nbsp;Raj Kumar Koiri,&nbsp;Rashmi Srivastava","doi":"10.1080/10253890.2019.1710127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2019.1710127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animals are frequently exposed to various kinds of environmental stressors and estrogen is known to play important role in stress response besides its crucial role in regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolic activity and reproduction. The study investigates the estrogen antagonist, tamoxifen (TM), mediated estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression, to modulate stress induced parameters in chickens. The study further explores the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in brain, ovary and shell gland during water deprivation (WD) and tamoxifen administration in sexually mature chicken. WD and TM administration both decrease the plasma estradiol while WD increases corticosterone. WD also elevates MDA concentration in the brain, ovary and shell gland while TM lowers it. WD and TM administration lowers the specific activity of SOD in brain and shell gland. In contrast, WD increases the specific activity of catalase, GPx and GR in the brain and shell gland, while TM decreases it. It appears that endogenous estradiol plays a crucial role in expression of antioxidant enzymes and tamoxifen acts as an antioxidant by reducing the oxidative stress in chicken. Abundant expression of ERα has been observed in the shell gland of egg laying birds while stress like water deprivation and TM down-regulates its expression. Thus, it can be concluded that expression of ERα in shell gland plays a predominant role in mediating estrogen action in response to water deprivation stress and tamoxifen.</p>","PeriodicalId":141741,"journal":{"name":"Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":" ","pages":"261-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10253890.2019.1710127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37499084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}