International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of adolescents towards coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Manassanun Wirunpan","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07075202111082021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2021.07075202111082021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020. Therefore, the availability of vaccines will help develop immunity and protect people from this pandemic. The present systematic study examined knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of adolescents towards COVID-19 vaccine in Bangkok, Thailand. Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and willingness toward COVID-19 vaccine of key stage 4A-5 students at Satit Prasarnmit International Programme in Bangkok towards COVID-19 vaccine. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using an online questionnaire. A total of 136 students participated. Knowledge, attitudes, and willingness of adolescents toward the COVID-19 vaccine were assessed. Differences between outcomes and socio-demographic characteristics of participants were analyzed through independent t-tests and the ANOVA. The level of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 was analyzed by a generalized linear model. Results: Students revealed moderate knowledge about COVID-19, correctly answering 11.08 out of 15 points (SD = 1.74), a low level of attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine 8.49 out of 15 points (SD = 2.51), and low level of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 vaccine 2.29 out of 5 points (SD = 1.26), in total of 35 points (28 questions). There are statistically significant positive correlations shown between attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine and the level of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 vaccine (I2 = 0.384, P < 0.01%). Conclusion: This study revealed students in Satit Prasarnmit International Programme had moderate knowledge towards COVID-19, negative attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine and low willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19. Furthermore, it indicates that there is a casual relationship between attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccine and the willingness of individuals to be vaccinated against COVID-19 vaccine. Thus, attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine acts as a major predictive factor toward the willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, to increase peopleA's willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 vaccine, it is necessary to increase peopleA's attitude toward COVID-19 vaccine.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79588503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on severity and outcomes in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review","authors":"A. Aggarwal, R. Agarwal, S. Dhooria, K. Prasad, I. Sehgal, V. Muthu","doi":"10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_7_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/JNCD.JNCD_7_21","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted this systematic review to evaluate whether comorbid chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases the risk of severe disease and adverse outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We queried the PubMed and Embase databases for studies indexed till December 2020. We included studies that provided data on severe disease, hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) care, need for mechanical ventilation, or mortality among COVID-19 patients with and without COPD. We calculated the relative risk (RR) for each reported outcome of interest from each study and used a random-effects model to summarize our data. We retrieved 997 citations and included 110 studies published in 2020, in our review. Most publications reported the data retrieved from electronic records of retrospective patient cohorts. Only 27 studies were judged to be of high quality. COPD patients with COVID-19 had a significantly higher risk of severe disease (summary RR 2.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.93-3.09), hospitalization (summary RR 1.91, 95% CI 1.70-2.14), ICU admission (summary RR 1.81, 95% CI 1.35-2.43), mechanical ventilation (summary RR 1.75, 95% CI 1.35-2.28), and mortality (summary RR 2.40, 95% CI 1.93-2.51), as compared to COVID-19 patients without COPD. All analyses showed significant between-study heterogeneity. We conclude that comorbid COPD significantly increases the risk of severe disease and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80563670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periocular anthropometric measurements analysis in ethnic adults of Vindhya region","authors":"Chandraprabha Choudhary, P. Khanwalkar, M. Mishra, Sujata Lakhtakia","doi":"10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.09148202021052021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/IJMSPH.2021.09148202021052021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87712207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal infection in surgical pathology - Our institutional experience","authors":"Khushbu P. Shah, M. Patel","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.07216201912012020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.07216201912012020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fungal infection has a worldwide prevalence and it affects almost all age groups and both the sexes. Due to neoteric treatment modalities nowadays, people are enjoying longevity of life. However, on the other hand, immune status is compromised that has resulted in increased prevalence of fungal infection in society. Fungi reported by surgical pathologist, either incidentally or in clinically suspicious cases, greatly improve morbidity and outcome of the patients. Objective: The objective of this study is to study the prevalence of fungal infection in surgical pathology tissue and frequency and spectrum-based analysis in relation to age, gender, and systemic involvement. Materials and Methods: Ethically approved retrospective observational secondary data analysis is done based on histomorphological and cytomorphological evaluation of 17 fungal cases diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, New Civil Hospital, Surat, from January 2015 to January 2017. Results: Out of 17 cases, most common fungus seen was Candida albicans mainly affecting gastrointestinal tract. Common age group affected was 41–60 years and few rare fungi, i.e., mucormycosis and tinea corporis were also reported. Conclusion: Distribution of fungi in tissue section in relation to frequency, age, sex, various organs, and its correlation with clinical symptoms is analyzed in our study and results are found to be yielding that provided outlook in the prevalence of infectious agent.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"54 1","pages":"204-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73517365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a “home care model” for oral cancer patients on the home care competency of their caregivers","authors":"Mahesh Kumar Bawliya, R. Sylvia, P. Mahala, Suman Kumar Choudhary","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.0101202007012020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.0101202007012020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer can occur to everyone regardless of sex, age, culture, socioeconomic status, and geographical area. Various forms of cancer strike at different age, ethnic, gender groups with severity, and varying frequency. Objective: The study objectives were as follows: (1) To develop and implement a home care model on home care competency of caregivers and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of home care model on home care competency of caregivers. Materials and Methods: For this study, a quantitative research approach was used to develop and implement a home care model on home care competency (knowledge and practice) of caregivers. A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test and post-test design was used in the study. The study was conducted in a selected hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select the study subject. Data were collected from 40 caregivers of oral cancer patients using a structured knowledge questionnaire, structured self-report nutritional practice checklist, and structured observational wound care checklist. Results: The mean post-test practice scores and knowledge scores (18.75, 12.82, and 7.55) were higher than mean pre-test practice scores and knowledge scores (11.95, 8.85, and 4.23) which were found statistically significant at P < 0.05. The mean percentage area-wise distribution of knowledge regarding nutritional management at pre-test was 51% and wound care management was 55%, which was improved for both (81%) at post-test. No significant association was found between knowledge and practice except occupation. Minor correlation was found between post-test knowledge and post-test practice scores. Conclusion: It is concluded that home care competency program was found effective to improve the knowledge and practice of caregivers of oral cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"27 1","pages":"194-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74198746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge assessment of accredited social health activist and anganwadi workers about the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram in rural area of District Kathua","authors":"Sonika Sangra, N. Choudhary, Akash Narangyal","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.01015202017032020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.01015202017032020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) program is technically known as Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services. The main purpose of the program is to detect and manage 4Ds which are prevalent in children. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge of ASHA workers as well as anganwadi workers about the RBSK in rural area of District Kathua using semi-structured questionnaire. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the zone Budhi which is a field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, GMC Kathua. The zone consists of 24 villages with 18 ASHA workers and 35 anganwadi workers and one mobile RBSK team available at Community Health Center, Parole. After obtaining ethical clearance, all the ASHA workers and anganwadi workers were included in the study as they were willing to participate. Results: The present study revealed that majority of the workers were between the age group of 20–40 years. About 71.42% of the anganwadi workers were 12th pass and majority of the ASHA workers were 8th and 10th pass. Majority of the anganwadi workers received training related to RBSK program and knew about the benefits of the RBSK program. About 82.85% of the workers knew about the equipment used by RBSK team members for screening. Conclusion: Anganwadi workers and ASHAs need to be made aware of their perceptions and role in the program so that their efficiency is increased and the percentage of child morbidity and mortality can further be lowered.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"42 1","pages":"280-282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73969979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of school health services in government and private schools: A community-based cross-sectional study from North India","authors":"A. Ranga, J. Majra","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.10168202030102020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.10168202030102020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78408416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice of health-care ethics among doctors in Tamil Nadu - A cross-sectional study","authors":"K. Karthikeyan, D. Kanagaraj, V. Karthikeyan, Sivasankaran Devandiran","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.0506823052020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.0506823052020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Proficiency in medical ethics is central to valuable patient care. The current medical education gives limited help in dealing with the ethical dilemmas. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of health-care ethics among doctors in Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study covering all doctors on payroll (171) as on August 1, 2018, was carried out in August 2018 at Government Tiruvannamalai Medical College. A total of 165 doctors were contacted and 148 questionnaires were collected back. The pre-tested questionnaire comprised 44 questions. Approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee was obtained. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze data. Association between sociodemographic variables and attitude, practice of the doctors toward the health-care ethics was compared using Chi-square test. Results: About 87.8% of respondents were aware of the definition of health-care ethics. About 78.4% of respondents knew the duties of ethical committee. Books and journals were the source of knowledge for 66.2% of respondents. About 52% of the respondents preferred to consult their guide/head of department when they faced an ethical/legal issue. Nearly 60% were aware of existence of ethical committee. About 62.2% of the respondents had positive attitude toward health-care ethics. About 69% of the respondents had good practice of health-care ethics. Age group, sex, specialty, and duration of work experience had no significant association with attitude toward health-care ethics. Age group had significant correlation with practice while sex, specialty, and duration of work experience did not. Conclusion: Nine-tenth of respondents were aware of the definition of health-care ethics. Three-fourth was aware of duties of ethical committee. Nearly two-third of the respondents had positive attitude toward health-care ethics. More than two-third of the respondents had good practice of health-care ethics.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77608197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of risk factors and epidemiologic profile of posterior polar cataract/posterior subcapsular cataract in Northwest Rajasthan","authors":"Poonam Bhargava, K. Jain, Lakshita Maherda","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.034324052020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.034324052020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In India, cataract is the foremost cause of blindness, leading to the mild-to-severe morbidity. Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the epidemiologic profile and risk factors of posterior polar cataract/posterior subcapsular cataract. Materials and Methods: A prospective non-comparative observational study involving 50 patients having posterior polar cataracts attending our outpatient department was selected and was questioned about their locality, systemic diseases, ocular disease, and use of steroid in any form which were included in the study. Results: Of the 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 females, most patients were in the age group of 61–70 years. About 66% of the patient belongs to the rural locality. Most of the females were homemaker, 24% were farmer, 8% were shopkeeper, and 6% retired persons while 2% each of electrician, computer programmer, and bus driver. About 48% had bilateral cataracts, 42% (21) were pseudophakic in one eye, and 1% (5) unilateral cataract. About 24% of patients had hypertension, 18% of patients had of asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 16% of patients had diabetes mellitus, 2% of patients had h/o arthritis, 8% had skin disease, 6% had h/o injudicious use of over-the-counter topical drops while 4% of patients of thyroid disease were noted and 34% of patients had h/o steroid use. The most common type of cataract seen Grade I (52%, 26 patients), followed by Grade II (36%, 18 patients), Grade III (8%, 4 patients), and Grade IV (4%, 2 patients). Conclusion: With increasing injudicious use of steroid can result in formation of posterior polar/posterior subcapsular cataract in young age and professional office class workers who are seeking medical help at early stage. An ultrasound should be done to rule out posterior capsular defect if suspected and the patient should be counseled well about the complication prior taking into surgery.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"86 1","pages":"310-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85579716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study on treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer with gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin","authors":"T. Das, K. Chatterjee","doi":"10.5455/ijmsph.2020.12348201930012020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ijmsph.2020.12348201930012020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rechallenge of a platinum-based chemotherapy is the most common approach for a recurrent platinumsensitive epithelial carcinoma ovary. However, this carries a substantial risk of cumulative neurotoxicity. Objectives: In the present study, we tried to compare the efficacy and toxicities of gemcitabine pegylated liposomal doxorubicin combination regimen to rechallenge of paclitaxel-carboplatin in this setting. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients were included in the study. The patients were randomized into two groups each containing 15 patients. The study group received injection gemcitabine at the dose of 1 g/m2 injection intravenously on day 1 and day 8 and liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 on day 1 in a 3 weekly cycle up to a total of six cycles in absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicities. The control group patients were treated with injection paclitaxel at a dose of 175 mg/m2 I/V infusion and injection carboplatin at a dose considering area under the curve 6 in a 3 weekly for six cycles. Results: In the study arm, out of 14 patients, 4 (28.57%) patients had complete response, 6 (42.85%) had partial response, 3 (21.42%) had stable disease, and 1 (7.14%) showed disease progression. In the control arm, 6 (40%) patients out of 15 showed complete response, and 4 (26.66%) partial response. Disease progression was noted in 1 (6.66%) patient. There was less incidence of neurotoxicity compared to the control arm. Conclusion: Chemotherapy with a combination of gemcitabine and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin shows equivalent efficacy in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer when compared to rechallenge of platinum-based chemotherapy. The regimen has an acceptable toxicity profile with lesser incidence of neuropathy than rechallenge of paclitaxel-carboplatin combination.","PeriodicalId":14153,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health","volume":"48 1","pages":"224-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76334988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}