International Journal of Mycobacteriology最新文献

{"title":"Studying the Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Tumor Necrosis Factor Gene Polymorphisms on the Incidence of Tuberculosis.","authors":"Jalaledin Ghanavi, Poopak Farnia","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_71_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_71_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis and its pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, are a major health challenge. The causative agent of tuberculosis is M. tuberculosis complex and is transmitted through airborne droplets. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is one of the cytokines that mediate a major role in the cellular immune response to tuberculosis and is essential for pathogen clearance, control of mycobacterial growth, and facilitation of apoptosis of infected cells. Susceptibility to tuberculosis and disease progression are influenced by environmental factors and the host's genetic predisposition. TNF polymorphisms affect disease susceptibility and patient response to drugs and treatment. Various studies have been conducted to associate TNF polymorphisms with susceptibility to tuberculosis. This activity aims to review the role of TNF-α cytokine and the impact of its polymorphisms on the occurrence of tuberculosis and compiles recent mechanistic and epidemiological findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"89-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Sex on Active and Latent Tuberculosis Occurrence Based on Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 Gene Expression and Mannose-binding Lectin Plasma Concentration in Indonesia.","authors":"Yanti Leman, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Peter Kabo, Ahyar Ahmad, Nur Ahmad Tabri, Agussalim Bukhari, Siti Rafiah, Irawaty Djaharuddin, Rahmawati Minhajat, Ilhamjaya Patellongi, Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti, Najdah Hidayah, Irda Handayani, Handayani Halik, Muhammad Faruk","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_229_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_229_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies on the role of mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) in individuals infected with tuberculosis (TB) remain limited. This study aimed to compare MBL2 gene expression and protein concentration between active and latent TB cases and to assess the influence of sex on these differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 39 newly diagnosed active pulmonary TB patients and 25 individuals with latent TB who were household contacts. MBL2 gene expression was evaluated using a relative quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. MBL protein levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among female participants, MBL2 gene expression was significantly lower in those with active TB compared to those with latent TB (P = 0.02). In male participants, no significant difference was observed (P = 0.333). Similarly, MBL protein levels tended to be lower in females with active TB than in those with latent TB, though this difference was not statistically significant (median [range]: 124.78 [65.62-499.79] vs. 208.49 [99.85-498.65] ng/mL, P = 0.099). In males, no significant difference in MBL protein levels was detected between the active TB and latent TB groups (206.86 [59.11-526.77] vs. 143.55 [65.85-290.7] ng/mL, P = 0.285).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the influence of sex on the expression of the MBL2 gene and plasma protein levels in TB patients. A lower expression of the MBL2 gene in active TB cases compared to latent TB cases was observed exclusively in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profile, Outcomes, and Predictors of Outcomes in Patients with Tuberculosis with Arachnoiditis.","authors":"David Mathew Daniel, Samuel George Hansdak, Tina George, Sheba Mariam Thomas, Amith Balachandran, Harshad Arvind Vanjare, Prasanna Samuel, Ramya Iyadurai","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_29_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_29_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading global cause of infectious disease-related mortality. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with tuberculous arachnoiditis, a serious complication of TB affecting the spinal cord and nerve roots.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted with tuberculous arachnoiditis to a tertiary care center between July 2011 and November 2021. A total of 119 patients were included. Data collected included demographics, clinical presentation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, treatment regimens, and outcomes assessed using the Modified Rankin Scale at presentation and follow-up. Predictors of outcomes, including mortality, were analyzed using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of patients was 34 years (standard deviation ± 14.13), with a male-to-female ratio of 53:47. Common presenting features included lower-limb weakness (67% with power ≤3/5) and bowel/bladder dysfunction (61%). Higher CSF leukocyte counts and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection were significantly associated with worse outcomes; 63.6% of HIV-positive patients died before review. Elevated CSF protein levels were directly correlated with mortality. Longer duration of antitubercular therapy (ATT) was associated with improved outcomes. Statistical analysis identified HIV status and CSF protein count as independent predictors of mortality in TB arachnoiditis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this cohort of patients with tuberculous arachnoiditis, lower-limb weakness and bowel/bladder incontinence were the predominant clinical features. HIV seropositivity, elevated CSF protein levels, and duration of ATT significantly influenced patient outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis, prompt initiation of ATT, and management of associated factors like HIV in improving outcomes for patients with TB arachnoiditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"126-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Whole-genome Sequencing in a Tuberculosis Outbreak among Young Immigrants in a Japanese Language School, 2024.","authors":"Yoshika Shimokawa, Mizuki Inoue, Risa Sonoda, Chie Hanatate, Mayumi Watanabe, Kaori Tsuzaki, Masaki Ota, Susumu Hirao, Yoshiro Murase, Satoshi Mitarai, Sayoko Koga","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_46_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_46_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In early April 2024, three Nepalese students (Pt1-Pt3) in the morning classes of a Japanese language school in Western Japan were diagnosed with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The smear status of Pt1 and Pt3 was 3+, whereas Pt2 was scanty positive. This study aims at describing cases with active TB as well as latent TB infection (LTBI) in this outbreak.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The outbreak cases are epidemiologically described in terms of time, place, and person.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An intensive contact investigation using chest X-rays found 13 cases with active TB as of January 2025. Ten cases, including Pt1 and Pt2, were found in Classroom A, whereas one case each was found in the morning classes of Classrooms B (Pt3) and C and in Classroom D (afternoon class). In addition, 10 other cases of LTBI were found in Classroom A. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed that Pt3 and another case in Classroom A had genetically distinct Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, with 1072 and 466 single nucleotide variants, respectively, indicating they were unrelated to the outbreak. On the other hand, the case of Classroom C shared the outbreak strain, and the person had frequently visited the apartment of Pt1 and Pt2. The case of Classroom D did not have close contact with those of Classroom A and was eventually excluded from the outbreak cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WGS is useful in distinguishing outbreak-related cases from coincidentally found ones in TB outbreak investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"164-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and Management of Chest Computed Tomography Lesions Progression in Pulmonary Tuberculosis during Antituberculosis Treatment.","authors":"Shuangyin Yang, Yanmei Feng, Kuiliang Yang, Jie Pu, Pu Wang","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_33_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_33_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Even with early antituberculosis (TB) treatment, some patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) may experience progression of chest computed tomography (CT) lesions. However, there is limited information on the causes and management of this progression during treatment. This study was undertaken to improve clinical understanding of the various causes and management strategies for the worsening of chest CT lesions in patients with PTB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical records of 61 PTB patients. We evaluated the radiological features, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, causes, and management of chest CT lesions progression in PTB during anti-TB treatment and compared the characteristics of patients in the paradoxical response (PR) group and the non-PR group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common cause of the chest CT progression lesions was PR, accounting for 50.8% (n = 31) of the cases. Other important causes included insufficient anti-TB treatment (21.3%, n = 13), drug-resistant TB (8.2%, n = 5), and comorbidities such as bacterial infections (8.2%, n = 5), fungal infections (6.6%, n = 4), and lung cancer (4.9%, n = 3). Patients with PR were primarily treated by continuing their anti-TB management, whereas those with non-PR due to other causes received treatment targeting the underlying etiology. PR patients were younger (Mann-Whitney U-test, P < 0.001; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.8-32.2)., had more asymptomatic cases (74.2% vs. 4.0%; χ2 test, P < 0.001; odds ratio [OR]: 64.3, 95% CI: 12.5-330.2), showed higher Mycobacterium TB culture positivity (64.5% vs. 30.0%; χ2 test, P = 0.015; OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.4-12.6), and had quicker lesion progression than the non-PR group (P = 0.004; 95% CI: 1.0-3.0).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PR is the major cause of chest CT lesion progression in PTB during anti-TB. Continuation of anti-TB therapy can promote the absorption of lesions. Differences between PR and non-PR patients can help clinicians in diagnosing and guiding treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Modalities for Detecting Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis and Resistance Patterns of Rifampicin and Isoniazid at a Referral Hospital: A Retro Prospective Study.","authors":"Ankur Kumar, Amresh Kumar Singh, Vivek Gaur, Ashwini Kumar Mishra, Anita Mehta, Raj Kishore Singh","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_17_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_17_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, results in approximately 1.5 million annual deaths globally. Diagnosing extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) remains challenging due to the invasive nature of sample collection and limitations in conventional diagnostic sensitivity. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of Xpert®Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin (MTB/RIF), a nucleic acid amplification test, against direct microscopy for EPTB specimens. In addition, we compare the detection of first-line anti-tubercular drug resistance between Xpert® MTB/RIF and the MTB-DR plus line probe assay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2022, to April 2023, 2839 clinically suspected EPTB specimens were collected from patients referred to tertiary care hospitals in Gorakhpur, India. Specimens included lymph node aspirates, pleural fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and tissue biopsies, processed according to the Indian National Tuberculosis Elimination Program protocols. Diagnostic evaluations employed microscopy (acid-fast bacilli staining), Xpert® MTB/RIF, and MTB-DR plus assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2839 specimens, Xpert® MTB/RIF detected M. tuberculosis in 339 cases (11.9%), significantly outperforming microscopy (183 cases, 6.4%). The highest positivity rates occurred in tissue biopsies and lymph node aspirates (29%), while genitourinary TB was least frequent. Rifampicin resistance was identified in 14 cases (4.13%), all confirmed as multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) by MTB-DR plus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Xpert® MTB/RIF demonstrated superior sensitivity over microscopy, supporting its utility for EPTB diagnosis in low-resource settings. The high MDR-TB prevalence (4.13%) underscores the need for rapid molecular diagnostics to guide treatment. However, global EPTB burden estimates remain inconsistent, necessitating standardized surveillance and diagnostic protocols to improve detection accuracy and inform public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Single-nucleotide Polymorphism of INF-γ (rs.2430561, +874 A/T) and Interleukin-10 (rs.1800896, -1082 A/G) on the Risk of Tuberculosis and Drug Resistance in Kaduna State, Nigeria.","authors":"Suzie Madaki, Yusuf Mohammed, Lawal Dahiru Rogo, Mustapha Yusuf, Yazeed Garba Bala, Umar Aliyu Ahmad","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_39_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_39_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, necessitating comprehensive research to understand genetic factors influencing susceptibility and drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the presence of drug resistance, analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IFN-γ (reference SNP. 2430561, +874 Adenine/Thymine) and IL-10 (reference SNP.1800896, -1082 Adenine/Guanine), and assess their associations with age and sex among a cross section of TB patients in Kaduna state.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 140 participants, comprising drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) patients, drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) patients, and Apparently Healthy controls (AHCs), were enrolled. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted, and SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. Associations between genotypes, alleles, age, and sex were analyzed. Odd ratios and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were employed for demographic and genetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In DR-TB, significant associations were observed between IFN-γ genotypes/alleles and increased susceptibility, with thymine thymine (TT) genotype and T allele showing higher frequency. For IL-10, guanine guanine (GG) genotype and G allele were prevalent, indicating potential associations with DR-TB risk. In DS-TB, similar trends were observed, highlighting potential genetic influences on susceptibility. HWE analysis revealed significant deviations in some groups, suggesting genetic variations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of specific genotypes and alleles indicates potential genetic markers for risk assessment. Deviations from HWE suggest population-specific genetic variations. These findings underscore the importance of genetic factors in TB outcomes and advocate for tailored interventions for different populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"170-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Gene Mutation Related to Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium leprae.","authors":"Saumya Shukla, Shaina Gaikwad, Dhandapani Sureshgopi, Vivek Kumar Chouksey, Chandrashekhar Pathe, Jerene Mathews, Jitendra Singh, Shashank Purwar, Debasis Biswas, Pushpendra Singh, Anand Kumar Maurya","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_35_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_35_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mycobacterium lepare-induced leprosy continues to pose a significant public health threat. Drug-resistant strains pose a major challenge for effective management, necessitating molecular studies to identify resistance-associated mutations and guide appropriate therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis of a total of 47 samples, including slit-skin smear and biopsy specimens, were collected along with relevant clinical details. Fifteen samples that tested positive for acid-fast bacilli were further processed. Amplification of folP1, rpoB and gyrA genes was performed using polymerase chain reaction, followed by automated capillary sequencing to identify mutations associated with dapsone, rifampicin, and ofloxacin resistance, respectively, in M. leprae.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sequencing revealed no folP1 and rpoB gene mutations in any of the 15 isolates sequenced in this study, indicating wild-type status and susceptibility to dapsone and rifampicin, respectively. A mutation was identified at codon 91 (alanine [GCA] → valine [GTA]) in the gyrA gene (20%), resulting in an alanine-to-valine change known to cause resistance to ofloxacin. Five samples did not provide adequate chromatogram quality for analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified mutations in the gyrA gene which is associated with ofloxacin resistance in M. leprae in Central India. While the absence of resistance to first-line anti-leprosy drugs is reassuring, the emergence of resistance to fluoroquinolones is a cause for concern. Early detection of resistant strains facilitates prompt initiation of drug therapies, reducing their spread and advancing the global leprosy eradication effort.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Tuberculosis Drug-induced Liver Injury: The Role of Moringa oleifera and Other Herbal Extracts.","authors":"Herin Mawarti, Khotimah Khotimah, Yuly Peristiowati, Christina Destri Wiwis Wijayanti, Rizky Meuthia Pratiwi","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_207_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_207_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health issue, and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) from anti-TB medications poses a major challenge to treatment efficacy. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of a blended polyherbal extract consisting of Moringa oleifera Lam., Camellia sinensis, Curcuma zanthorrhiza, and Caesalpinia sappan L. against DILI induced by TB drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: a control group, a DILI group receiving anti-TB drugs, and three groups receiving varying doses of the polyherbal extract. Key parameters, including CYP450 expression and liver enzyme levels (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]), were assessed using colorimetric techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of the highest dose of the polyherbal extract significantly reduced CYP450 expression and lowered ALT and AST levels compared to the DILI group. These findings suggest that the polyherbal remedy effectively protects the liver from damage caused by TB medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concludes that the polyherbal extract MOC3 exhibits hepatoprotective properties, indicating its potential as a preventive treatment for DILI in TB therapy. Further clinical investigations are recommended to explore its applicability in human subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the In vitro Growing of Mycobacterium bovis from the Lungs of Vaccinated and Infected Mice.","authors":"Federico Carlos Blanco, Laura Inés Klepp, Cristina Lourdes Vazquez, Fabiana Bigi","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_32_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_32_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Currently, no commercial vaccines exist for controlling bTB, making the development of effective vaccine candidates and testing models a high priority. Mouse models are widely used in preclinical trials of anti-TB vaccines. Determining the appropriate cultivation time to assess the mycobacterial load in animal organs or biological samples is crucial to establishing a reliable model that can accurately evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccine candidate. The aim of this study was to assess the growth dynamics and the appearance of colony-forming units (CFUs) in lung homogenates from mice infected with M. bovis. We compared the CFU counts from vaccinated and challenged mice with M. bovis using data from a previous experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CFUs obtained from the lungs of vaccinated and M. bovis-challenged mice of a previous experiment were registered at 3 and 4 weeks of culturing in solid media. The statistical analysis was performed with Kruskal-Wallis, followed by a Dunn's multiple comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On analyzing the CFU dynamics from lung homogenates, we found that mice vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin preserved stable CFU counts after 3 weeks of cultivation on a solid medium. In contrast, both the unvaccinated group and the group vaccinated with an attenuated M. bovis triple mutant strain reached their final CFU counts only after 4 weeks of culturing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of prolonged follow-up to accurately assess CFU counts, which are crucial for determining vaccine efficacy in trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"140-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}