International Journal of Mycobacteriology最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Single-nucleotide Polymorphism of INF-γ (rs.2430561, +874 A/T) and Interleukin-10 (rs.1800896, -1082 A/G) on the Risk of Tuberculosis and Drug Resistance in Kaduna State, Nigeria.","authors":"Suzie Madaki, Yusuf Mohammed, Lawal Dahiru Rogo, Mustapha Yusuf, Yazeed Garba Bala, Umar Aliyu Ahmad","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_39_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_39_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, necessitating comprehensive research to understand genetic factors influencing susceptibility and drug resistance. This study aimed to investigate the presence of drug resistance, analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IFN-γ (reference SNP. 2430561, +874 Adenine/Thymine) and IL-10 (reference SNP.1800896, -1082 Adenine/Guanine), and assess their associations with age and sex among a cross section of TB patients in Kaduna state.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 140 participants, comprising drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) patients, drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) patients, and Apparently Healthy controls (AHCs), were enrolled. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted, and SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. Associations between genotypes, alleles, age, and sex were analyzed. Odd ratios and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were employed for demographic and genetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In DR-TB, significant associations were observed between IFN-γ genotypes/alleles and increased susceptibility, with thymine thymine (TT) genotype and T allele showing higher frequency. For IL-10, guanine guanine (GG) genotype and G allele were prevalent, indicating potential associations with DR-TB risk. In DS-TB, similar trends were observed, highlighting potential genetic influences on susceptibility. HWE analysis revealed significant deviations in some groups, suggesting genetic variations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of specific genotypes and alleles indicates potential genetic markers for risk assessment. Deviations from HWE suggest population-specific genetic variations. These findings underscore the importance of genetic factors in TB outcomes and advocate for tailored interventions for different populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"170-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Gene Mutation Related to Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium leprae.","authors":"Saumya Shukla, Shaina Gaikwad, Dhandapani Sureshgopi, Vivek Kumar Chouksey, Chandrashekhar Pathe, Jerene Mathews, Jitendra Singh, Shashank Purwar, Debasis Biswas, Pushpendra Singh, Anand Kumar Maurya","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_35_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_35_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mycobacterium lepare-induced leprosy continues to pose a significant public health threat. Drug-resistant strains pose a major challenge for effective management, necessitating molecular studies to identify resistance-associated mutations and guide appropriate therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis of a total of 47 samples, including slit-skin smear and biopsy specimens, were collected along with relevant clinical details. Fifteen samples that tested positive for acid-fast bacilli were further processed. Amplification of folP1, rpoB and gyrA genes was performed using polymerase chain reaction, followed by automated capillary sequencing to identify mutations associated with dapsone, rifampicin, and ofloxacin resistance, respectively, in M. leprae.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sequencing revealed no folP1 and rpoB gene mutations in any of the 15 isolates sequenced in this study, indicating wild-type status and susceptibility to dapsone and rifampicin, respectively. A mutation was identified at codon 91 (alanine [GCA] → valine [GTA]) in the gyrA gene (20%), resulting in an alanine-to-valine change known to cause resistance to ofloxacin. Five samples did not provide adequate chromatogram quality for analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified mutations in the gyrA gene which is associated with ofloxacin resistance in M. leprae in Central India. While the absence of resistance to first-line anti-leprosy drugs is reassuring, the emergence of resistance to fluoroquinolones is a cause for concern. Early detection of resistant strains facilitates prompt initiation of drug therapies, reducing their spread and advancing the global leprosy eradication effort.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the In vitro Growing of Mycobacterium bovis from the Lungs of Vaccinated and Infected Mice.","authors":"Federico Carlos Blanco, Laura Inés Klepp, Cristina Lourdes Vazquez, Fabiana Bigi","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_32_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_32_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Currently, no commercial vaccines exist for controlling bTB, making the development of effective vaccine candidates and testing models a high priority. Mouse models are widely used in preclinical trials of anti-TB vaccines. Determining the appropriate cultivation time to assess the mycobacterial load in animal organs or biological samples is crucial to establishing a reliable model that can accurately evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccine candidate. The aim of this study was to assess the growth dynamics and the appearance of colony-forming units (CFUs) in lung homogenates from mice infected with M. bovis. We compared the CFU counts from vaccinated and challenged mice with M. bovis using data from a previous experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CFUs obtained from the lungs of vaccinated and M. bovis-challenged mice of a previous experiment were registered at 3 and 4 weeks of culturing in solid media. The statistical analysis was performed with Kruskal-Wallis, followed by a Dunn's multiple comparison test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On analyzing the CFU dynamics from lung homogenates, we found that mice vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin preserved stable CFU counts after 3 weeks of cultivation on a solid medium. In contrast, both the unvaccinated group and the group vaccinated with an attenuated M. bovis triple mutant strain reached their final CFU counts only after 4 weeks of culturing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of prolonged follow-up to accurately assess CFU counts, which are crucial for determining vaccine efficacy in trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"140-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Tuberculosis Drug-induced Liver Injury: The Role of Moringa oleifera and Other Herbal Extracts.","authors":"Herin Mawarti, Khotimah Khotimah, Yuly Peristiowati, Christina Destri Wiwis Wijayanti, Rizky Meuthia Pratiwi","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_207_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_207_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health issue, and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) from anti-TB medications poses a major challenge to treatment efficacy. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of a blended polyherbal extract consisting of Moringa oleifera Lam., Camellia sinensis, Curcuma zanthorrhiza, and Caesalpinia sappan L. against DILI induced by TB drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: a control group, a DILI group receiving anti-TB drugs, and three groups receiving varying doses of the polyherbal extract. Key parameters, including CYP450 expression and liver enzyme levels (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]), were assessed using colorimetric techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The administration of the highest dose of the polyherbal extract significantly reduced CYP450 expression and lowered ALT and AST levels compared to the DILI group. These findings suggest that the polyherbal remedy effectively protects the liver from damage caused by TB medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concludes that the polyherbal extract MOC3 exhibits hepatoprotective properties, indicating its potential as a preventive treatment for DILI in TB therapy. Further clinical investigations are recommended to explore its applicability in human subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Role of Whole Genome Sequencing to Predict the Virulence, Anti-TB Resistance, and Variants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains from Rifampicin-sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.","authors":"Ni Made Mertaniasih, Muhamad Frendy Setyawan, Ummi Amaliatush Sholichah Putri Merdekawati, Nurul Wiqoyah, Deby Kusumaningrum, Irfan Arif Ikhwani, Sohkichi Matsumoto","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_54_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_54_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is the second concern of a fatal infectious disease in the world caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Indonesia has many regions that is known as a hotspot region for MTB cases, one of the most cities high newly case detected in 5 years was Surabaya. In 2022, Surabaya reported a higher pulmonary TB (PTB) prevalence rate of 0.35%. This study aimed to investigate the genomic and phylogenetic characteristics of MTB from isolates of rifampicin-sensitive PTB patients in Surabaya using whole genome sequencing (WGS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a cross-sectional study to descriptively analyses WGS data using bioinformatics. Out of 8 enrolled drug-sensitive PTB patients; however, only three cultured isolates successfully grew on MB 7H11/OADC agar and subjected for WGS analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Whole genome analysis revealed that all the samples were drug sensitive. The identified samples were majority belonged to lineage 4.4.1 (Euro-American [S-type]) and we found a novel strain in East Java region known as Lineage 4.10 (Euro-American [Uganda 1]). In addition, we identified a novel SNVs predicted to be associated with genomic adaptation in fgd1, embC, embA, and rv0565c under antibiotic pressures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WGS predicts that all the samples from pulmonary rifampicin-sensitive TB patients in this study were drug sensitive. We report the first discovery of a novel L4.10 strain, classified as Uganda 1, in Surabaya, Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"153-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonfunctioning Kidney Due to Renal Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"Madhuri Singh, Shirish Sahebrao Chandanwale, Akshi Raj, Kumar Roushan, Anuj Sharma","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_46_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_46_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urogenital tuberculosis (TB) is a common manifestation of extrapulmonary TB, accounting for approximately 30%-40% of all cases, with the kidneys being the most frequently affected organ. Despite its prevalence, renal TB often presents diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, which can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Increased occurrences of extrapulmonary TB have been observed in recent decades, linked to a rise in organ transplants and the prevalence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. The urogenital form of the disease may arise from either disseminated infection or primary genitourinary localization. Symptoms typically include pyuria, dysuria, fever, flank pain, and burning micturition, often revealing a mass related to hydronephrosis of the affected kidney. Clinicians in regions with high TB prevalence, such as India, should maintain a high index of suspicion for renal TB, especially in patients with recurrent urinary tract infections. Early identification and treatment are crucial to prevent the development of nonfunctioning kidneys and associated complications. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing the clinical presentation of renal TB to improve diagnosis and management in affected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 2","pages":"201-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Century-Old Threat: Disseminated Tuberculosis in a Healthy Host - Case Report.","authors":"Poongodi Santhana Kumarasamy, Bala Ponnuthurai, Stanley James Benjamin Swamidoss, Mohamed Arafath Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_201_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_201_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disseminated tuberculosis (dTB) is usually rare in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of dTB presented with constitutional symptoms and extensive lymphadenopathy with bilateral lung parenchymal airspace opacities. Histopathological and molecular methods confirmed the etiological agent - Mycobacterium tuberculosis. She was started on first-line antitubercular treatment and she had significant clinical recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"13 4","pages":"457-460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in Sputum Patients with Suspected Tuberculosis.","authors":"Fanny Indriyani Biyang, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Lisa Tenriesa Muslich, Andi Rofian Sultan, Mochammad Hatta, Ahmad Rahmat Ramadhan, Baedah Madjid","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_206_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_206_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is predominantly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and can also involve nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). These pathogens pose significant global health challenges, particularly in developing countries. Differentiating between MTBC and NTM in clinical specimens is often difficult using conventional acid-fast staining methods, leading to an underestimation of NTM prevalence in TB-endemic regions. This study aims to identify mycobacterial species in sputum samples from patients suspected of having TB, utilizing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and gene sequencing techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 111 sputum samples from patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Central General Hospital, Hasanuddin University Hospital, and Makassar Community Lung Health Center. The samples were analyzed at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Hasanuddin University using standard microscopy and molecular detection techniques. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize patient demographics, infection characteristics, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We collected sputum from suspected TB patients with an average age of 50.86 years. We found 16.2% (n = 18) acid-fast bacteria in 111 patients with suspected pulmonary TB, and molecularly, we identified 17.1% (n = 19) Mycobacterium species by multiplex PCR. Three sputum samples tested positive for NTM. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealed similarities between the samples and known mycobacterial species.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study underscores the challenges in differentiating between MTBC and NTM, highlighting the necessity for molecular diagnostic approaches. Notably, we found NTM in sputum samples from patients previously treated for TB. These findings can serve as a reference for improving diagnostic accuracy and preventing misdiagnosis of mycobacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"13 4","pages":"436-442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Challenging Case of Miliary Tuberculosis in Pregnancy.","authors":"Anuja Singh, Farha Siddiqui, Anand Kumar Maurya, Shashank Purwar, Saurabh Saigal","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_216_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_216_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon yet severe condition that can pose substantial risks to pregnant women and their unborn child. This case study describes a 22-year-old pregnant female at 23 weeks of gestation presented with breathlessness, fever accompanied by chills, dry cough, and loss of appetite. With no significant comorbidities, her initial symptoms were inconclusive, leading to her initial diagnosis as a case of pyrexia of unknown origin. Despite receiving iron supplements for anemia and broad-spectrum antibiotics, her health continued to decline, prompting her transfer to a specialized medical center where advanced molecular testing ultimately confirmed a diagnosis of miliary TB. Upon admission, she was promptly started on anti-TB therapy and managed in the intensive care unit, where her clinical course included the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring ventilatory support. Through meticulous monitoring and multidisciplinary intervention, the patient stabilized and ultimately delivered a healthy baby girl through normal vaginal delivery. Miliary TB, though rare, is challenging to diagnose during pregnancy due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions. This case underscores the critical importance of recognizing the atypical presentations of miliary TB in pregnant women, particularly in the context of previous exposure. It highlights the need for high clinical suspicion, timely diagnosis, and comprehensive management strategies to ensure favorable outcomes for both mother and child in the face of such challenging clinical scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"13 4","pages":"448-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive Mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Role of fbiC Mutations in Dormancy and Survival.","authors":"Parissa Farnia, Mohsen Maleknia, Poopak Farnia, Jalaledin Ghanavi","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_198_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_198_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines the impact of F420 biosynthesis protein C (fbiC) mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and their influence on the bacterium's dormancy mechanisms. The potential role of fbiC mutations and functional impairments in the persistence of Mtb is emphasized. Tuberculosis (TB) bacilli can enter a dormant state with minimal metabolic activity, allowing them to conserve resources and survive in low-nutrient, low-oxygen environments for extended periods. While the fbiC gene contributes to dormancy, Mtb can achieve this state through multiple genetic and metabolic pathways, suggesting that it may still undergo dormancy even with functional impairments in fbiC. In this review, we utilized several scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, and set of key search terms including \"fbiC gene,\" \"F420 Biosynthesis,\" \"Mycobacterium tuberculosis,\" \"Dormancy,\" and \"Drug Resistance\" to highlight the significance of the fbiC gene in regulating dormancy and explore how Mtb compensates for fbiC dysfunction through various metabolic adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"13 4","pages":"355-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}