International Journal of Mycobacteriology最新文献

{"title":"Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms Syndrome in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patient with Type 2 Respiratory Failure and Sepsis.","authors":"Brigita Sanina Manullang, Isnin Anang Marhana","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_76_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_76_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATDs) are essential for tuberculosis (TB) treatment, they can induce severe hypersensitivity reactions, including drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. Its occurrence presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, especially in TB patients with type 2 respiratory failure and sepsis. A 23-year-old man with pulmonary TB developed ATD-induced DRESS syndrome complicated by type 2 respiratory failure and sepsis. He developed DRESS syndrome after initiating a standard ATD regimen consisting of rifampicin (R), isoniazid (H), pyrazinamide (Z), and ethambutol (E). He developed progressive dyspnea, fever, nausea, vomiting, and a pruritic, erythematous skin rash. Laboratory findings revealed leukocytosis, eosinophilia, severe transaminitis, hyperbilirubinemia, and elevated interleukin-6 levels. DRESS syndrome was diagnosed based on RegiSCAR scoring system (total score = 6), derived from clinical, physical, and laboratory abnormalities. All ATDs were discontinued, and he received systemic corticosteroids, hepatoprotective agents, topical therapy, and supportive respiratory management. Upon clinical improvement, ATDs desensitization was successfully performed, followed by completion of a modified regimen of rifampicin 450 mg/isoniazid 200 mg/ethambutol 750 mg for 9 months, excluding pyrazinamide due to previous hepatic involvement. No recurrence of DRESS manifestations was observed, and sputum acid-fast bacilli examinations at 6 months were negative. Early recognition of ATD-induced DRESS syndrome, prompt withdrawal of the offending drugs, and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent severe organ involvement. Desensitization protocols provide a safe and effective approach for reintroducing essential ATDs in selected patients, allowing successful completion of TB treatment without DRESS recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"15 1","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147528652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of In vitro Efficacy of New Generation Drugs Tedizolid and Omadacycline against Nontuberculous Mycobacteria.","authors":"Seda Türkkal Arli, Nazli Ece Özçatalkaya, Elif Çiftçi, Şafak Ceren Uçak, Görkem Yaman, Dilek Satana","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_25_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_25_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Species-specific antimicrobial susceptibility testing is crucial for the effective treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). In this study, the in vitro antimicrobial activities of two next-generation antibacterial agents, tedizolid (TZD) and omadacycline (OMC) - which have demonstrated strong in vitro activity against NTM species but have not been comprehensively evaluated for NTM treatment in Turkiye - were investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, antibiotic susceptibility testing for TZD and OMC was performed on a total of 104 NTM isolates (59 rapid-growing and 45 slow-growing) using the colorimetric microdilution method, in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M24 and M62 standards. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges were 0.015-32 µg/ml for TZD and 0.003-64 µg/ml for OMC. For the interpretation of TZD susceptibility, the CLSI M62 breakpoints established for linezolid were used (≤8 µg/ml: susceptible, 16 µg/ml: intermediate, and ≥32 µg/ml: resistant).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the rapidly growing NTM isolates, only one Mycobacterium fortuitum isolate was found to be intermediate (1/29; 16 µg/mL), while one Mycobacterium avium isolate among the slowly growing species was classified as resistant (1/6; ≥32 µg/mL). The remaining 102 isolates were all found to be susceptible to TZD (≤8 µg/mL). Since no standardized breakpoint has yet been established for OMC, only the observed MIC values were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings demonstrated that TZD exhibits strong in vitro activity against NTM isolates, whereas OMC showed a variable activity profile, particularly among rapidly growing species. These results support the necessity of basing antibiotic selection for the treatment of NTM infections on species-specific susceptibility testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"15 1","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147528746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological Resolution of Pulmonary Lesions among Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Patients following Bedaquiline-containing Regimen Therapy: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.","authors":"Yipeng Sun, Idris Sula, Muhammad Candragupta Jihwaprani, Nazmus Saquib","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_174_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_174_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bedaquiline (BDQ) has been shown to improve the cure rate and accelerate the time to culture conversion in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). However, pulmonary lesion improvement based on chest imaging after BDQ treatment has not been evaluated. We aimed to evaluate pulmonary lesion improvement in patients with DR-TB following treatment with BDQ-containing regimens. Five electronic databases (CENTRAL, Clinicaltrials.gov., PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SinoMed) were searched for this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs; PROSPERO: CRD42024571134). RCTs with a BDQ-receiving intervention arm and a BDQ-free control arm that reported radiological outcomes were included. Outcomes of this study were lesion absorption and cavitary closure on imaging. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to study quality (i.e., Jadad scale). Of the 476 retrieved records, eleven RCTs were eligible (pooled participants: 973, 50.2% received BDQ). Lesion improvement (risk ratio [RR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.51 [1.28-1.78], P = 0.001, I2= 0%) and cavitary closure (RR [95% CI] = 1.40 [1.26-1.55], P = 0.001, I2= 27%) were higher in the BDQ arms compared to controls. Patient improvements were more evident among high-quality RCTs compared to low-quality RCTs. Overall, BDQ-containing regimens improve pulmonary lesions and cavitations among patients with DR-TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement between TrueNat Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin and Microscopy for Detection of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.","authors":"Aroop Mohanty, Kumari Neha Singh, Shweta Singh, Parul Singh, Vivek Hada, Atul Rajaram Rukadikar, Subodh Kumar, Mahima Mittal, Kanishka Kumar, Ruchika Agarwal, Gaurav Gupta, Sudhir Shyam Kushwaha, Rama Shankar Rath","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_151_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_151_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem in India, with both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary forms contributing substantially to disease burden. Smear microscopy, though inexpensive and rapid, has limited sensitivity, particularly in paucibacillary cases. TrueNat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/rifampicin (RIF), a chip-based real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction endorsed by the World Health Organization, provides rapid molecular detection and RIF resistance profiling. Here, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance and agreement between Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear microscopy and TrueNat MTB/RIF for Pulmonary TB and at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 4249 clinical specimens (65.0% pulmonary, 35.0% extra-pulmonary). All samples were tested by both ZN microscopy and TrueNat MTB/RIF. Diagnostic positivity rates, RIF resistance, and agreement across sample categories and patient subgroups (HIV, diabetes) were analyzed using P values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of patients were aged 18-40 years (37.6%) and were males (55.4%). Cough (71.5%) and fever (40.8%) were the most frequent symptoms. Smear microscopy detected acid-fast bacilli in 4.3% (185/4249) of samples, whereas TrueNat MTB/RIF identified MTB in 13.7% (583/4249). RIF resistance was observed in 5.6% of TrueNat-positive cases, with 26.4% indeterminate results. The overall agreement between microscopy and TrueNat was 0.42. Agreement was higher in pulmonary (0.57) than extrapulmonary samples (0.06), with the highest concordance in sputum (0.60). Agreement was also higher among HIV-positive (0.78) and diabetic patients (0.58) compared to their counterparts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TrueNat MTB/RIF demonstrated superior sensitivity over smear microscopy, particularly in extrapulmonary and paucibacillary cases, while simultaneously detecting RIF resistance. Despite moderate agreement, the findings highlight the complementary role of molecular diagnostics alongside microscopy to improve TB case detection in high-burden, resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"390-395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Xpert MTB/Rif Versus Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube 960 for Rifampicin Resistance Detection in Extrapulmonary Isolates.","authors":"Lavanya Pongiyannan, Deepthi Nair, Neeraj Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_169_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_169_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for 15%-20% of all tuberculosis (TB). The diagnosis of EPTB is challenging and the emergence of drug-resistant EPTB further threatens the progress toward end TB strategy. Early detection of EPTB is crucial for initiation of appropriate treatment. This study aimed to detect rifampicin resistance (RR) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex (MTBC) from EPTB samples using Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/Rif, Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube 960 (MGIT960), and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium and compare RR detected by Xpert MTB/Rif and MGIT960 against LJ proportion method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, New Delhi, from October 2019 to September 2021. A total of 822 EPTB samples were subjected to MGIT960 culture and Xpert MTB/Rif simultaneously. First 30 samples that were MGIT960 flagged and confirmed as MTBC using MPT-64 detection kit were included for rifampicin susceptibility testing by MGIT960 system and LJ proportion method. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of each method were calculated with LJ proportion as the gold standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With 30 samples analyzed for RR detection, the overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of Xpert MTB/Rif were 50%, 100%, 100%, 96.5%, and 96.6%, respectively, and of MGIT were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, with gold standard.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While Xpert MTB/Rif provides rapid results and serves as useful initial diagnostic tool, it should be integrated with phenotypic methods such as MGIT960, especially in Xpert MTB/Rif negative cases to confirm clinically suspected EPTB.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"370-374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coinfection of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Borderline Lepromatous Leprosy Complicated by Reversal Reaction.","authors":"Nur Noviana, Ariani Permatasari","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_154_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_154_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy are major mycobacterial infections in Indonesia, but coinfection is rare. We describe a 57-year-old male with pulmonary TB and borderline lepromatous leprosy complicated by reversal reaction. He also had type 2 diabetes mellitus and oral candidiasis. TB was confirmed by GeneXpert MTB/RIF, rifampicin-sensitive sputum culture, and chest radiography, showing right suprahilar infiltrates. Leprosy was diagnosed by slit skin smear positive for Mycobacterium leprae. During the 6th month of multidrug therapy (MDT), he developed reversal reaction with fever, painful erythematous plaques, and sensory loss. Management included systemic corticosteroids, continuation of MDT without rifampicin, anti-TB drugs, and supportive care. Clinical improvement was observed after treatment modification. This case highlights the complex immunological interplay between M. leprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, therapeutic challenges of drug interactions, and the importance of multidisciplinary management.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"403-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Potential of miR-146a-5p in Differentiating Active and Latent Tuberculosis Infections: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Ovi Rusmariza, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Rizalinda Sjahril, Handayani, Zainul Muttaqin, Baedah Madjid, Yoeke Dewi Rasita, Nadyah, Andi Meutiah Ilhamjaya","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_189_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_189_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of which involves miR-146a-5p as a specific microRNA molecule that is expressed exclusively on immune cells to modulate innate immunity. This study aims to examine and compare the expression of miR-146a-5p in active and latent TB patients. This study utilized a descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method to examine the strength of miR-146a-5p expression. Statistical analysis involved employing descriptive statistics to summarize the sample characteristics. One-way analysis of variance was utilized to conduct inferential analysis, evaluating the differences in miR-146a-5p expression across various groups. The odds ratio calculation was employed to assess the strength of association, whereas the receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to examine the diagnostic potential.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that men dominated the incidence of active TB compared to women with a prevalence of 83% and 17%, respectively. While in latent TB, women dominated compared to men (78% and 22%). The results of the examination of miR-146a-5pexpression in active TB samples were up regulation with a value of 24,86535, whereas in latent TB samples were down regulation with a value of 0,22727. Active TB and latent TB samples showed a significant comparison in terms of miR-146a-5p expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the research we have done, miR-146a-5p can be used as a biomarker in TB infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"382-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Safety of Bedaquiline, Delamanid, and Pretomanid: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohamad Faisal Said Al Omar, Izz Eddin Majed Alchikhsuliman, Sondos Mahmoud Awad, Numa Rajab, Yousef Mohammed Alawi, Leena Yousif Mohamed Ibrahim, Idris Sula, Muhammad Candragupta Jihwaprani, Nazmus Saquib","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_97_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_97_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs have been shown to effectively treat drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). However, there is a risk of hepatotoxicity. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of hepatotoxicity in TB patients receiving bedaquiline (BDQ), delamanid (DLM), and/or pretomanid (Pa). This meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42024564922) systematically explored electronic databases (i.e., Clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, PROQUEST, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SinoMed) for clinical trials reporting the incidence of hepatotoxicity upon administering BDQ, DLM, and/or Pa. Primary endpoints were the overall incidence of elevated liver enzymes, particularly alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Proportion meta-analysis was performed for each outcome of interest. Sixteen trials with pooled 4086 participants. The combination of BDQ + Pa was associated with increased ALT (10.6%) and AST (10.4%). Among the individual drugs, Pa-containing regimens had the highest incidence of elevated liver enzymes (ALT [18.9%], AST [20.3%], and GGT [12.8%]). DLM-containing regimens had the lowest incidence (ALT [0.2%], AST [0.7%], and GGT [1%]). For BDQ-containing regimens, the incidence of elevated liver enzymes was similar to the standard of care (SOC): ALT (5.5%) vs. (6.9%) and AST (7.5%) vs. (10.8%), respectively. GGT elevation was more common among the groups receiving BDQ compared to SOC (10% vs. 3.1%). Overall, all the included trials were of high or fair quality. Among all the studied drugs, DLM alone demonstrated the highest hepatic safety, while regimens containing BDQ, Pa, or their combination showed higher hepatotoxic risks compared to SOC. We recommend regular liver function monitoring for DR-TB patients receiving these novel anti-TB drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"309-319"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-interferon-γ Autoantibody-mediated Adult-onset Immunodeficiency with Disseminated Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Infection: A Report of Three Cases.","authors":"Yonghao Deng, Naiyu Lin, Jiande Han, Rong Yin","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_191_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_191_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interferon-γ serves as the pivotal cytokine for macrophage activation. Anti-interferon-γ autoantibody (AIGA)-mediated adult-onset immunodeficiency (AOID) represents a phenocopy of primary immunodeficiency, characterized by recurrent disseminated infections predominantly caused by Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) and other nontuberculous mycobacteria. Disseminated MABC (dMABC) in AOID poses significant therapeutic challenges, requiring long-term multidrug antimicrobial therapy combined with AIGA-targeted immunotherapy. This report details three cases of AOID with dMABC. All patients exhibited recurrent fevers, widespread cutaneous erythema, nodules, pustules, and painful multifocal lymphadenopathy over several months to 2 years. Serum AIGA testing was positive in all cases. MABC was isolated from skin and lymph node specimens through culture or next-generation sequencing. Radiologic studies confirmed systemic involvement, including pulmonary, lymphatic, and osteoarticular sites. A therapeutic regimen of combined antibiotics and low-to-medium-dose oral glucocorticoids (prednisone 20-30 mg/day initiated, tapered to 5 mg/day maintenance) was instituted, leading to clinical resolution in all patients. All were discharged successfully and remained disease-free on long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"407-411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Immune Mechanisms in Leprosy: The Role of Serum Interleukin-17 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in the Immunopathogenesis of the Disease in Sudanese Patients.","authors":"Hassan Gumaa Mustafa Hamid, Ogail Yousif Dawod, Amar Babikir Elhussein, Mariam Siddig Balla Ali, Omar Elteyb Fadlelseed, Soad Mohammed Alfadol, Husham E Homeida, Nahid Mahmoud Hassan Elamin, Salha Yahia Khalil, Abdullah Mohammed Qahl, Abdullah Shoei Sayd, Mashael Hakami, Rahika Ibrahim Zeleei, Abeer Omar Ahmed, Faisal Hassan Hakami, Fadia Abdalla Saeed Khairi, Aamir Abdullahi Hamzza, Mohammed Helmy Faris Shalayel","doi":"10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_197_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_197_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. This study aimed to compare serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels among Sudanese patients with and without leprosy to assess their impact on disease immunopathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control cross-sectional study was conducted at Abu Rouf Leprosy Clinic and Khartoum Dermatology Teaching Hospital between August 2018 and October 2020. IL-17 and TNF-α levels were quantified using Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Sunlong Biotech, China). Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS v21.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Leprosy patients had significantly lower mean IL-17 levels (1.6 ± 1.2 pg/ml) than healthy controls (5.5 ± 2.6 pg/ml, P < 0.001), whereas TNF-α was higher in patients (103.1 ± 25.5 ng/L) than controls (30.8 ± 15.1 ng/L, P < 0.001). IL-17 correlated negatively with disease duration, while TNF-α showed a positive correlation (r = 0.201, P = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cytokine dysregulation, particularly reduced IL-17 and elevated TNF-α, reflects distinct immune pathways in leprosy pathogenesis. These biomarkers may aid in assessing disease activity and treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":14133,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mycobacteriology","volume":"14 4","pages":"375-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145781442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}