International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects最新文献

{"title":"Bi-level Model for Reliability based Maintenance and Job Scheduling","authors":"R. Jamshidi","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.05","url":null,"abstract":"Many defects in manufacturing system are caused by human resources that show the significance of the human resources in manufacturing systems. Most manufacturers attempt to investigate the human resources in order to improve the work conditions and reduce the human error by providing a proper work-rest schedule. On the other hand, manufacturer deal with machine scheduling based on demand and work type. The mentioned scheduling would be effective if both are simultaneously implemented; then, we confront integrated human- machine systems which work with minimum cost, machine failure and human errors. Considering this fact, we propose a bi-level mixed integer nonlinear model to minimize the machine scheduling costs such as earliness-tardiness cost and interruption cost in the upper level and human error in lower level according to performance shaping factors (PSFs). Several numerical instances are implemented by the proposed model to show the model effectiveness to obtain the best work schedule for human resources and machines in manufacturing systems.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91177444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributed Generation Expansion Planning Considering Load Growth Uncertainty: A Novel Multi-Period Stochastic Model","authors":"J. Molla, T. Barforoushi, J. A. Firouzjaee","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract – Distributed generation (DG) technology is known as an efficient solution for applying in distribution system planning (DSP) problems. Load growth uncertainty associated with distribution network is a significant source of uncertainty which highly affects optimal management of DGs. In order to handle this problem, a novel model is proposed in this paper based on DG solution, considering load uncertainty. This model is designed to minimize network costs including operation and losses.  Genetic algorithm is used with the purpose of finding the optimal places, sizes as well as times for DGs. Load uncertainty is also modeled through Markov tree. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, it is tested in different scenarios considering the effects of the purchased power price, DG penetration factor and DG operation intervals. These scenarios are conducted in two different phases, with and without uncertainty and the results are then compared and discussed. Moreover, by considering load uncertainty in planning, planning models would be robust against network future load variations.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77929678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Retrofitting RC Structures with Precast Prestressed Concrete Braces- ABAQUS FEA Modeling","authors":"M. Vatandoost","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.01","url":null,"abstract":"Precast prestreesed concrete braces are a new method for seismic strength of Concrete Structures which has the following benefits: a) no wet concrete work in construction site b) No bolt or anchorage to the existing frame c) easy to apply d) short construction period e) low construction cost, to evaluate seismic performance of strengthened structure a model consist of existing frame and concrete braces were created using ABAQUS (nonlinear-finite element) software.Comparison existing and strengthened frame showed that braces are effective in lateral drift decreasing.Study concrete compressive strength on seismic behavior of brace showed that when compression strength of brace is lower than existing frame, retrofitting system has low stiffness and wasn’t effective in reducing lateral drift, but in specimen with compressive strength ratio (brace to frame) two times or more, braces showed high strength and stiffness.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82928129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Reynolds Viscous Flow Simulation Past the Elliptical Airfoil by Random Vortex Blob","authors":"B. Zafarmand, N. Ghadirzad","doi":"10.5829/ije.2017.30.12c.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2017.30.12c.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, numerical simulation for a two-dimensional viscous and incompressible flow past the elliptical airfoil is presented by Random Vortex Blob (RVB). RVB is a numerical technique to solve the incompressible, two-dimensional and unsteady Navier-Stocks equations by converting them to rotational non-primitive formulations. In this method, the velocity vector at a certain point can be calculated without considering any grid around it, so the RVB method can be treated as a meshless method. Accordingly, the turbulent flow past a cylinder as well as an elliptical airfoil is investigated. In both cases, the obtained mean time velocities are compared with available numerical and experimental results where an acceptable agreement is observed. Having known the velocity field, by employing momentum balance, the drag and lift coefficients caused by flow past the elliptical airfoil with different diameter ratios and Re=105 are calculated and compared with experimental data where a good consistency is achieved.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90423641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameters Identification of an Experimental Vision-based Target Tracker Robot Using Genetic Algorithm","authors":"M. H. Sangdani, A. Tavakolpour-Saleh","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.11","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the uncertain dynamic parameters of an experimental target tracker robot are identified through the application of genetic algorithm. The considered serial robot is a two-degree-of-freedom dynamic system with two revolute joints in which damping coefficients and inertia terms are uncertain. First, dynamic equations governing the robot system are extracted and then, simulated numerically. Next, an open-loop experiment with finite duration step inputs is implemented on the experimental setup to collect practical output data. Accordingly, a desired objective function is defined as the sum of discrepancy between the experimental and simulated output data. Subsequently, a genetic algorithm is employed to explore the best damping coefficients and inertia terms of the simulation scheme so as to minimize the presented cost function and taking into account the same input data for both simulation and experiment. Finally, the simulated output data based on the identified robot parameters reveal an acceptable agreement with the measured outputs through which validity of the identification scheme is affirmed. doi: 10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.11 NOMENCLATURE bθ Damping coefficient of the base (kgs ) R Distance between center of the robot base and the barrel joint (m) bα Damping coefficient of the barrel (kgs ) T Torque (N.m) D Dissipation function u Distance between camera and barrel joint (m) Ek Kinetic energy (J) £ Lagrangian Ep Potential energy (J) θ Base rotational angle of the base (radian) g Gravitational acceleration (ms) θs Simulated base angle Jθ Base inertia (kgm ) θe Experimental base angle Jα Barrel inertia (kgm ) α Barrel rotational angle (radian) l Length of barrel (m) αs Simulated barrel angle m Mass of barrel (kg) αe Experimental barrel angle ?́? Mass of camera (kg) ρ Mass of unit length (kgm )","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78253297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Integrated Supply Chain of After-sales Services Model: A Multi-objective Scatter Search Optimization Approach","authors":"Y. Y. Mehrjerdi, A. Yazdekhasti","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.04","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: In recent decades, high profits of extended warranty have caused that third-party firms consider it as a lucrative after-sales service. However, customers division in terms of risk aversion and effect of offering extended warranty on manufacturers’ basic warranty should be investigated through adjusting such services. Since risk-averse customers welcome extended warranty, while the customers without taking on risk may remain at the level of basic warranty. In this paper, a multi-objective integer nonlinear programming model is presented for integrating the supply chain of after-sales services. In the suggested model, firstly strategies used by the manufacturers in the basic warranty period and the third party’s policy during the extended warranty period, including the development of a new imperfect maintenance approach, are regulated. Then, the effects of these strategies on the desirability of customers with different levels of risk-taking are analyzed. To optimize the model, the scatter search based approach was introduced for extracting set of non-dominated solutions. The results indicated that increasing level of customers’ risk-taking convinces manufacturers to diminish the basic warranty period and the third party can apply less costly preventive maintenance. Key Words: Warranty, Extended warranty, After-sales services, Customers’ risk-taking, Pareto-set solutions, Multi-objective scatter search","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76340395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing of Corrosion Resistance Nano Copper Oxide Coating on Copper using Anodization in Oxalate solution","authors":"Mahmood H. M., Suryanto, M. Hazza, F. I. Haidera","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.07","url":null,"abstract":"Copper alloys are widely used in the manufacturing of heat transfer applications, this due to their excellent heat transfer properties. Copper contamination is one of the serious industrial problems in the boiler feed water system. This contamination commonly resulted from copper corrosion reactions in boiler feed water environment. The best way to reduce the copper contamination is by improving copper corrosion resistance. This research studies the developing of copper corrosion resistant by using anodization technique. The anodization experiments are conducted in oxalate solutions of concentrations from 0.1 to 0.5 M, at a temperature range from 24 to 0 ο C and applied potential from 7.5 to 9 V. Anodized coating analyzed using Field emission scanning microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Characterization results referred to the formation of copper oxide anodized coating with grain size range from 25 to 68 nm. The corrosion resistance of the anodized copper samples carried out in simulated boiler feed water. Results show that the corrosion resistance of the anodized samples was enhanced. The corrosion protection efficiencies for the anodized coating increased 86.2% and 74.5% in testing solutions contains 3.5% NaCl, and 2 mg/l NH3, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72703049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Energy and Elastic Medium Effects on Torsional Vibrational Behavior of Embedded Nanorods","authors":"R. Nazemnezhad","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.13","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper surface energy and elastic medium effects on torsional vibrational behavior of nanorods are studied. The surface elasticity theory is used to consider the surface energy effects and the elastic medium is modeled as torsional springs attached to the nanorod. At the next step, Hamilton’s principle is utilized to derive governing equations and boundary conditions. Then, with the aid of an analytical method, natural frequencies are obtained and effects of various parameters on torsional frequencies are studied in details. It is concluded from the present study that the surface energy can make nanorods unstable depending on the nanorod dimension and frequency number. Results of the present study can be useful in design of nanoelectromechanical systems like drive shafts.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77142041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling and Optimisation of Coconut Shell Drying and Carbonisation Using Multi-response Taguchi Method with Multi-response Signal-to-noise Procedure","authors":"Musabbikhah, H. Saptoadi, Subarmono, M. A. Wibisono","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.09","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this work is to optimize the biomass drying and carbonization process in terms of both proximate analysis and biomass calorific value, simultaneously. The biomass material used in the study is coconut shells. The independent variables are the drying temperature, the drying time, the carbonization temperature and the carbonization holding time. The dependent variables are proximate analysis and calorific value. The primary methods used to gain the expected result are Taguchi and multi-response signal-to-noise (MRSN) procedure. Simultaneous optimization by using MRSN generate a value of 2.48 and the result corresponds to a drying temperature of 100 °C, a drying time of 24 h, carbonization temperature of 650 °C, and carbonization time of 120 mins. These results are best achieved by using configuration A1B3C3D3. The optimal expected values obtained in this study are maximum calorific values and fixed carbon of 7744 cal/g and 92.934%, respectively, and minimum moisture, volatile matter, and ash content of 0.354%, 2.318%, and 1.437%, respectively. All indicators are satisfied since the resulting model is deemed to be valid and feasible. The novelty of this work is the simultaneous parameter optimization of the five response variables, which have different quality characteristics into a single best parameter. هدف اصلی از این کار این است برای بهینه سازی خشک کردن زیست توده و فرایند کربن از نظر هر دو آنالیز تقریبی و ارزش زیست توده گرمایی، به طور همزمان. مواد زیست توده مورد استفاده در مطالعه پوسته نارگیل است. متغیرهای مستقل هستند که درجه حرارت خشک کردن، زمان خشک شدن، درجه حرارت کربن و کربنی برگزاری زمانی. متغیرهای وابسته هستند آنالیز تقریبی و ارزش گرمایی. روش اصلی استفاده می شود برای به دست آوردن نتیجه مورد انتظار هستند تاگوچی و چند پاسخ سیگنال به نویز (MRSN) روش. بهینه سازی به طور همزمان با استفاده از MRSN تولید یک ارزش 2.48 و نتیجه مربوط به درجه حرارت خشک کردن از 100 درجه سانتیگراد، زمان خشک کردن 24 ساعت، درجه حرارت کربناتی در 650 درجه سانتیگراد و زمان کربناتی در 120 دقیقه. این نتایج با استفاده از بهترین A1B3C3D3 پیکربندی به دست آورد. ارزش مطلوب به دست آمده در این مطالعه مقادیر حداکثر گرمایی و کربن ثابت 7744 کال / g و 92.934٪، به ترتیب، و حداقل رطوبت، مواد فرار، و خاکستر 0.354٪، 2.318٪ و 1.437 درصد، به ترتیب می باشد. تمام شاخص راضی از نتیجه مدل معتبر و عملی محسوب می شود. به تازگی از این کار بهینه سازی پارامتر همزمان از پنج متغیر پاسخ، که دارای ویژگی های با کیفیت مختلف را به یک بهترین پارامتر است.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85146553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tensile and Morphological Properties of Microcellular Polymeric Nanocomposite Foams Reinforced with Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes","authors":"T. Azdast, R. Hasanzadeh","doi":"10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5829/ije.2018.31.03c.14","url":null,"abstract":"Polyamide 6 (PA6) is used in many applications due to its advantages and improving its properties seems essential. For this purpose in the present study, PA6 was melt compounded with various multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) contents and then was foamed using Azodi carbon amide (ACA) as blowing agent under different injection molding conditions. Morphological properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The results demonstrated that an appropriate distribution of MWCNTs was observed in polymeric matrix and 0.85, 0.94 and 1 A increase in distance between walls of CNTs was observed. Also, the SEM results illustrated that microcellular structure was achieved in all samples. The results illuminated that mean cell size was improved about 34% in samples containing 1 wt% MWCNT. The tensile properties of samples were investigated and the effect of MWCNTs content was studied on specific tensile and yield strengths. The results indicated that specific tensile strength and yield strength were significantly increased almost 164% and 147% by addition of 1 wt% of MWCNTs, respectively.","PeriodicalId":14066,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering - Transactions C: Aspects","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84245359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}