International Journal of Green Pharmacy最新文献_第2页

Entada Adans, an ethnopharmacologically important genus: A review 一个重要的民族药理学属:综述

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.22377/IJGP.V15I2.3076

M. Shah

{"title":"Entada Adans, an ethnopharmacologically important genus: A review","authors":"M. Shah","doi":"10.22377/IJGP.V15I2.3076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/IJGP.V15I2.3076","url":null,"abstract":"Entada Adans is a genus with pantropical distribution comprising of some gigantic woody climbers with huge fruits. Many species are well documented and used in traditional medicine (Ayurveda) in the treatment of arthritis, joint pain, liver disorders, diarrhea, paralysis, and eye diseases. Many of these ethnomedicinal properties have been experimentally proven in different animal models and are compiled in a comprehensive approach in this review. Compounds recorded to be present in different species of the genus mainly include saponins, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, steroids, proteins, and carbohydrates. This study is an effort to collect inclusive scientific data published till March 2020, providing a summarized report on the chemical constituents, ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, toxicology, pharmacology, and related therapeutic potential of important species of genus Entada. The present literature study was extensively explored by databases such as Scifinder, books, Google, Google Scholar, Web of science, Science direct, journals, and other literatures. The present review article highlights this genus of endangered species as source of medicinally and nutritionally valued plants by focusing on pharmacological studies that validates their folklore uses. Furthermore, it draws attention for its conservation as it is the need of the hour to utilize different conservational strategies and save this medicinal wealth from extinction. The present piece of writing on genus Entada would be a useful edition to envisage the future line of investigations.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75203992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global regulatory scenario of indigenous medicines with respect to Covid-19 针对Covid-19的全球本土药物监管情景

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3077

Saba Maanvizhi

引用次数: 0

Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and botanical aspects of Stachytarpheta species – A review 葡萄树属植物化学、药理学和植物学研究综述

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-07-26 DOI: 10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3078

M. Shah

{"title":"Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and botanical aspects of Stachytarpheta species – A review","authors":"M. Shah","doi":"10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3078","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Globally, the use of traditional medicines is being encouraged for the treatment of chronic disorders, as synthetic drugs may cause untoward effects. The genus Stachytarpheta Vahl (Verbenaceae), known as “porter weed” [English], “gervao,” includes many species widely distributed in tropical and subtropical America and Africa with few members in tropical Asia and Oceania. It is valued traditionally for its different species that possess anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antipyretic activities. Interestingly, current research on genus has revealed the presence of phenylethanoid with various pharmacological properties and multispectrum therapeutic applications. A relatively large number of studies cited here have adduced the possible areas where the important species of this genus can exhibit their therapeutic activities in the treatment of chronic ailments or diseases including ulcers, fever, renal disorders, and atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: An extensive search in three electronic databases (Unbound Medline, PubMed, and Science Direct) and internet search engines (SciFinder and Google Scholar) was used to connote the studies on genus Stachytarpheta. Results and Discussion: This review amplifies the recent studies on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects, which alludes, these species have excogitated with noteworthy therapeutic activities. Conclusion: The present piece of write up will also draw the attention of scientists toward the issues and challenges associated with the probable approaches that may be reconnoitred to encourage people take the maximum benefit of these potentially useful species.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84263262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Therapeutic perspectives of plant crude drugs grow underneath the ground 植物原料药的治疗前景在地下生长

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3079

N. Varnakulendran

{"title":"Therapeutic perspectives of plant crude drugs grow underneath the ground","authors":"N. Varnakulendran","doi":"10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/ijgp.v15i2.3079","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The crude drugs are untreated substances derived from organic or inorganic sources such as plants, metal, mineral, and animal or their parts. This study is focused on plants sources obtained from underneath the ground chiefly roots and underground stems. Siddha system of medicine is an ancient system of indigenous medicine practiced in several parts of the world. Materials and Methods: The information is gathered through scientific research articles from the reputed website such as PubMed, Elsevier, and Web of Science. Results and Discussion: The roots are specially modified into underground stems for storage of starch and water. Rhizomes are also a type of swollen stem that grows underground, such as ginger and turmeric. Tubers with their lumpy, swollen, and starchy underground stem, potatoes are a very familiar example of tubers. Onions are a classic example of a bulb when sliced in half, they clearly display the concentric rings that are the telltale sign of a bulb. Elephant yam is a type of corm, swollen stem base that is modified into a mass of storage tissue. A corm does not have visible storage rings when cut into half. This distinguishes it from a true bulb. This review highlights the medicinal plant’s roots and underground stems used in the traditional medicines. Electronic databases were utilized to analyze the ethnopharmacological effects of the roots and underground stems of the herbs. Conclusion: Plenty of phytochemical studies done in different analytical ways which revealed the potency of the roots and underground stems of these herbs. Moreover, this information has prompted to compile the list of roots and underground stems used in the traditional system of medicine to cure many health manifestations.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79894763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EVALUATION AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF HERBALLY PREPARED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND RAJAT BHASMA USING MODERN ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS 用现代分析仪器评价和研究草药制备的银纳米颗粒和拉贾特巴什玛的急性毒性

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.22377/ijgpmds

S. Bhujbal

{"title":"EVALUATION AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF HERBALLY PREPARED SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND RAJAT BHASMA USING MODERN ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS","authors":"S. Bhujbal","doi":"10.22377/ijgpmds","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/ijgpmds","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rajat Bhasma (RB) is a herbomineral formulation used in Ayurvedic practice. The traditional system of medicine expresses that bhasma contains various metals and minerals, used in different disease conditions but due to the presence of heavy metals, and is questioned for their safety aspect by regulatory authorities. Phytotherapeutics require a scientific approach to deliver the components in a sustained manner to increase the patient compliance and avoid repeated administration. Aim: To study comparative evaluation of herbally prepared silver nanoparticles and Rajat Bhasma using modern analytical Instruments and acute toxicity study. Materials and Methods: The ginger rhizomes (Zingiber officinale) and fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum-graecum) extract were selected due to its antidiabetic activity and silver in the form of RB is recommended for antidiabetic activity in Ayurveda. The crude extract was prepared by maceration method and synthesis of silver nanoparticles was done by adding dropwise extract of herbal in silver nitrate solution. Further, acute oral toxicity was performed on Wistar albino rat. Results and Discussion: Herbal silver nanoparticles (HSNs) were comparatively evaluated with RB using modern analytical technics. Acute toxicity study revealed the safety of HSN over the RB. Conclusion: Integrating nanoscience as a novel drug delivery system (NDDS) in traditional medicine enriches the potential of herbal drugs for treating chronic diseases. In the present study, HSNs were prepared using ginger rhizomes (Z. officinale) and fenugreek seeds (T. foenum-graecum) extracts and were compared with marketed RB by employing acute toxicity studies and characterization was done using ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The results of the study showed that HSN can be an alternative for herbomineral formulations.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84911890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacognostic evaluation and free radical scavenging activity of Bombax ceiba leaf extracts 木棉叶提取物的生药评价及自由基清除活性

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3016

Radhika Chikatipalli

{"title":"Pharmacognostic evaluation and free radical scavenging activity of Bombax ceiba leaf extracts","authors":"Radhika Chikatipalli","doi":"10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3016","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims pharmacognostic investigations and antioxidant activity of Bombax ceiba leaf extracts. Materials and Methods: The materials and methods for standardization parameters were performed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemist (AOAC) methods. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by taking ascorbic acid as standard, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were determined by Folin–Ciocalteu method. Results: The results of qualitative phytochemical screening of Bombax ceiba aerial part extracts showed the presence of important phytochemical compounds, namely, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and phenolic compounds. The results of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of different Bombax ceiba leaf extracts showed the highest TPC and TFC for pet. ether extract and the free radical scavenging activity of extracts is in concentration gradient. Conclusion: It is concluded that Bombax ceiba leaf extracts have a rich profile of phytochemicals with significant proximate composition and good antioxidant activity. The findings indicate that Bombax ceiba leaf extract can be taken as an initiative step for finding out the promising agents responsible for its phytochemical and antioxidant activities and could be an important source of natural compounds for the development of new drug.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75166061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pharmacognostical characterization of leaves of Jasminum elongatum (P.J.Bergius) Willd. for quality control assessment 伸长茉莉(Jasminum elongatum, P.J.Bergius)野生叶的生药学特征。用于质量控制评估

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3015

Sabeena Syed

{"title":"Pharmacognostical characterization of leaves of Jasminum elongatum (P.J.Bergius) Willd. for quality control assessment","authors":"Sabeena Syed","doi":"10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Jasminum elongatum belonging to the family Oleaceae have been used widely in ethnomedicinal practices for its medicinal value. However, no published work is available till date on pharmacognostical characterization. Objective: The objective of the study was to conduct pharmacognostical and phytochemical study of leaves of J. elongatum. Materials and Methods: Evaluation of leaf samples was performed by determining morphological, microscopical characters, physicochemical, and phytochemical analysis recommended by the World Health Organization. Results: Morphologically, the leaves are opposite with ovate to lanceolate in shape and acute apex. Microscopically, the epidermal region shows the presence of glandular and covering trichomes along with anomocytic stomata. The midrib region consists of horseshoe-shaped vascular bundles with spiral-shaped xylem vessels. Powder microscopy revealed the presence of spiral-shaped xylem vessels, spindle-shaped fibers, and stone cells. Physicochemical analysis and phytochemical analysis resulted a valuable data to establish standards for the plant. Conclusion: The establishment of pharmacognostical parameters of leaf material will be useful in identification and standardization of J. elongatum in obtaining quality formulations.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88674946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Antidiabetic evaluation of methanolic extract of Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar albino rat model 小紫薇醇提物的抗糖尿病作用评价。链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病Wistar白化大鼠模型

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3018

C. Tyagi

{"title":"Antidiabetic evaluation of methanolic extract of Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar albino rat model","authors":"C. Tyagi","doi":"10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3018","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of research paper was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. (MELPR) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: The MELPR of different concentrations (200 and 300 mg/kg b.w.) was administered orally and evaluated for the estimation of biochemical parameters (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP]), skin and behavioral activity, oral glucose tolerance test and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), VLDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol (VLDL-C and LDL-C), and antidiabetic potential. Results and Discussion: The antidiabetic activities data indicate substantially altered physiological and biochemical aspects. In Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. (MELPR), the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg shown the cholesterol level 138.0 mg/dl and 125.0 mg/dl as compared to standard drug glibenclamide which shown the cholesterol level 110.0 mg/dl at a dose of 500 mg/kg. Study result indicates that significant decrease in total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels was observed after treating the STZ-induced diabetic rats with 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight leading to a significant increase in the cholesterol levels.Conclusion: In acute toxicity study, no toxic symptoms were observed for MELPR, up to dose 3000 mg/kg. The MELPR possesses hypoglycemic activity, which varies with concentration. In neutral and basic media, the hypoglycemic activity was considerably more than that in acidic media. This study demonstrates the antidiabetic potential of Lagerstroemia microcarpa Wight and offers scientific validation and basis to develop antidiabetic drug.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87304241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the sub-chronic oral toxicity of siddha herbo-mineral formulation Kalsiwin tablet 悉达草药矿物制剂卡思温片亚慢性口服毒性评价

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3012

Sudhakar Pachiappan

{"title":"Evaluation of the sub-chronic oral toxicity of siddha herbo-mineral formulation Kalsiwin tablet","authors":"Sudhakar Pachiappan","doi":"10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3012","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To determine the safety index of Siddha herbo-mineral formulation Kalsiwin tablet on chronic oral administration, the sub-chronic oral toxicity studies were carried out by measuring its no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in rats. Materials and Methods: The sub-chronic oral toxicity of Kalsiwin was evaluated as per Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 408 Guidelines in either sex of Wistar rats. Kalsiwin was administered at two dose level one is 45 mg/kg/day as rat dose equivalent to 500 mg adult clinical dose, the other one is 90 mg/kg/day is double the dose level of normal clinical dose to determine MTD. In a sub-chronic study, Kalsiwin was administered 90 days. Mortality, observational, behavioral changes, feed and water consumption, hematological, biochemical parameters, organ weight, histopathology of the liver, kidney, and intestine were observed during the study period. Results: In the sub-chronic administration of Kalsiwin at the therapeutic dose level did not show any severe toxicity symptoms. Higher dose level (90 mg/kg) showed significant changes in the liver biochemical markers and histological changes in the liver, kidney, and intestine. Furthermore, X-ray studies showed renal calculi formation in two out of three male rats treated with a higher dose level of Kalsiwin. Conclusion: The NOAEL of Kalsiwin was 500 mg/day of human therapeutic dose and MTD was less than 1000 mg/day. This study suggested that 500 mg/day adult dose of Kalsiwin is safer on chronic use.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74129552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review on a lesser known Indian mangrove: Avicennia officinalis L. (Family: Acanthaceae) 一种不太为人所知的印度红树:棘科(Avicennia officinalis L.)

International Journal of Green Pharmacy Pub Date : 2021-04-09 DOI: 10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3010

M. Shah

{"title":"A review on a lesser known Indian mangrove: Avicennia officinalis L. (Family: Acanthaceae)","authors":"M. Shah","doi":"10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22377/IJGP.V15I1.3010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The genus of Avicennia consists of total eight species which survive at intertidal zones from tropical and temperate regions of world, the foremost species being Avicennia officinalis and Avicennia marina. The plants belonging to this genus have both therapeutic and economic (industrial) benefits. Among all the species, A. officinalis is an important Indian mangrove differentiated greatly by its antibacterial and anticancer activities. This article is an effort to compile all the essential information of A. officinalis in a comprehensive manner, including pharmacognostic features, traditional and ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of the plant. Materials and Methods: All the information regarding traditional aspects and modern studies of A. officinalis were gathered through a massive literature survey of traditional and Ayurvedic books along with scientific resources. Results and Discussion: Different parts of A. officinalis have traditional medicinal applications for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, rheumatism, diarrhea, ulcer, Alzheimer and bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Laboratory investigations so far have resulted in isolation and identification of more than fifty bioactive compounds from different parts of the plant majorly targeting antibacterial activity. The phytochemicals reported as characteristic constituents of this plant are flavanoids, steroids, terpenoids with polyisoprenoids, and tannins. Further, records appertaining pharmacological evaluation have revealed significant activities such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antidiabetic, antiviral, and many more. Conclusion: The article summarizes the diversity and distribution of A. officinalis, in addition to in-depth coverage of traditional medicinal usage and phyto-pharmacological investigations done on this medicinal plant so far, highlighting the need for further studies on the phytoconstituents responsible for the validated traditional and folklore claims of its enormous medicinal usage.","PeriodicalId":14055,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Green Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85367131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2