International Journal of Engineering Science最新文献

{"title":"Further developments in the constitutive theory of the family of models with higher order rational approximant response functions for application to isotropic compressible soft solids","authors":"Afshin Anssari-Benam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a series of prior papers, various members of a new family of incompressible constitutive models whose response function(s), namely <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, are of higher order rational approximants in invariants <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> were devised for application to the finite deformation of isotropic rubber-like materials. The extension of the models at the bottom of the hierarchy of this family; i.e., with <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> of orders [1/1] and [0/1], respectively, to the compressible case has been presented previously (<span><span>Anssari-Benam &amp; Horgan, 2022a</span></span>). The current work is concerned with developing the compressible forms of the recently developed incompressible models at the top of the hierarchy of this family, where <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> are of further generalised orders; e.g., [<span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>/1] and [1/1], respectively. The improvement in the accuracy of the modelling results will be demonstrated, on using extant multiaxial and uniaxial experimental datasets of a wide variety of compressible soft solids, ranging from polyethylene foams to (hydro)gels and biological materials. The presented developments here complete hitherto the extension of the incompressible forms of this family of models to the compressible case, and provide more accurate constitutive models for application to the large deformation of <em>compressible</em> soft materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104336"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144614613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multiscale approach to visco-electro-elastic complex materials: Asymptotic homogenization versus high-frequency continualization schemes","authors":"Rosaria Del Toro ,&nbsp;Francesca Fantoni ,&nbsp;Maria Laura De Bellis ,&nbsp;Andrea Bacigalupo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work deals with the study of the viscous effects on the electro-mechanical behavior of periodic materials paving the way for remarkable applications in many scientific fields. In a three-dimensional context, the constitutive equations that describe a visco-electro-elastic periodic material are recast into the complex frequency space via the two-sided Laplace transform yielding a Stroh-like formulation. Then, the governing equations are manipulated by means of the Floquet–Bloch transform to study the wave propagation and the characteristic equation, which is generalized for a periodic visco-electro-elastic laminate, is obtained and solved to achieve its frequency complex spectra. Thereafter, an asymptotic homogenization method and a continualization scheme, which is based on the kernel developed as a Padé approximant, are detailed to identify equivalent non-local visco-electro-elastic continua. Finally, the homogenized frequency band structures are compared with the heterogeneous one to validate the proposed models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104331"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-scale analysis of nanoparticle diffusion in brain tumours","authors":"Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Ciprian Panaitescu ,&nbsp;Tian Yuan ,&nbsp;Rui Li ,&nbsp;Kejian Wu ,&nbsp;Dubravka Pokrajac ,&nbsp;Yingfang Zhou ,&nbsp;Daniele Dini ,&nbsp;Wenbo Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoparticles have emerged as a promising platform for drug delivery to brain tumours. Despite their ability to successfully traverse the blood–brain barrier, nanoparticle penetration in tumour tissues, primarily governed by diffusion, remains significantly limited, posing a major challenge to effective delivery. The diffusion of nanoparticles in tumour tissues is determined by complex interactions between nanoparticles and the tumour microenvironment, a process that remains insufficiently understood. This study employs a mechanics-based model at the pore-scale to address this gap. After validation with reported experimental results, the model is applied to investigate nanoparticle diffusion across different grades of brain tumours under various conditions, with the 3D geometries of tumour microstructures mathematically reconstructed based on their morphological characteristics. The results indicate nanoparticles diffuse slowly in high-grade tumours despite their loose cell arrangements. This implies that the density of hyaluronic acid, the key tumour extracellular matrix component, surpasses tissue porosity in determining nanoparticle diffusion. To quantify nanoparticle diffusion, for each grade of brain tumours empirical formulas are developed to express the relationships between nanoparticle diffusion coefficient and hyaluronic acid concentration, as well as with nanoparticle size and zeta potential. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the Einstein-Stokes equation can be used to estimate nanoparticle diffusion coefficient at different temperatures by scaling the values at normal body temperature, whereas using it to directly calculate nanoparticle diffusivity would result in substantial errors. The developed model and empirical formulas provide effective tools for rapidly predicting nanoparticle diffusion, offering insights for drug nanocarriers’ design to improve brain tumour treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104337"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical and numerical modeling of thermal strains in two-phase composites","authors":"C. Nikolaou,&nbsp;E. Polyzos,&nbsp;L. Pyl","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel approach to modeling thermal strains in composite materials. A formulation is developed to calculate volume average thermal strains for each constituent of a two-phase composite using the effective thermal expansion coefficient. The methodology is applied through both analytical and numerical methods. The analytical approach uses effective field methods, while the numerical implementation utilizes the finite element method. Two case studies, focusing on particulate and fibrous composites, are examined. Comparisons between the analytical and numerical results demonstrate a strong agreement and highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104334"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated optimization of Mars multi-rotor aircraft blade airfoil based on Xfoil-Fluent: Methods and experiments","authors":"Wang Kaiyi ,&nbsp;Qiquan Quan ,&nbsp;Zhu Kaijie ,&nbsp;Ma Ruqi ,&nbsp;Tang Bo ,&nbsp;Tang Dewei ,&nbsp;Deng Zongquan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Mars exploration, multi-rotor aircraft plays a crucial role, with its blades serving as the sole provider of thrust. Given the thin atmosphere, conventional blades cannot generate the required thrust for multi-rotor aircraft to carry out detection missions in this environment. Thus, optimizing the blade structure is essential to ensure sufficient thrust while minimizing power consumption. This study introduces a method for rapidly optimizing the two-dimensional aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils using Xfoil and ANSYS Fluent. A single-objective genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the airfoil of the blade, aiming to enhance the lift-to-drag ratio. After optimizing the aerodynamic properties of the airfoil, the performance of the optimized blade is confirmed experimentally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104332"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A spatiotemporally-nonlocal strain gradient theory for interpenetrating transient polymer networks","authors":"Ruizhi Li,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Yiyuan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interpenetrating transient polymer networks having molecular intermixing can provide excellent mechanical performance and damping properties. In this paper, a new physics-based nonlocal strain gradient theory is proposed within the framework of thermodynamics to capture the microstructure-dependent and history-dependent effects of the interpenetrating transient polymer networks. The proposed theory not only accounts for the spatially-dependent nonlocal strain and its gradient effect but also captures the temporally-dependent behavior of the transient networks with bond exchange reactions, thereby called the spatiotemporally-nonlocal strain gradient theory. The nonlocal effects become particularly prominent because interpenetrating polymers have multiple chain lengths from sub-nanometer length scales to macroscopic scales, and the strain gradient becomes significant since the partially interleaved phenomenon in the two or more network microstructures of polymers can cause the difference among strains in each individual network microstructure. The spatiotemporally-nonlocal stress and spatiotemporally-nonlocal hyperstress can be predicted based on the microscopic descriptions of the interpenetrating transient polymer network, i.e., the chain energetics, the chain-length distribution function, the stretch ratio, and the exchange bond rate. Two examples are used to illustrate the application of the spatiotemporally-nonlocal strain gradient theory. One is to construct the spatiotemporally-nonlocal constitutive relation of an interpenetrating eight-chain polymer network with bond exchange reaction, and the other is to apply the spatiotemporally non-local constitutive relation for studying the longitudinal wave propagation behavior of polymer rods. The spatiotemporally nonlocal strain gradient models can link microscopic descriptions of polymer network structures to mechanical properties, thereby facilitating the exploration of transformative and disruptive high-performance materials through artificial design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104335"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave motion due to the rolling of flexible porous structures","authors":"Tushar Kanti Mondal ,&nbsp;R. Ashok ,&nbsp;S.R. Manam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generation of surface waves due to the rolling motion of a thin flexible porous plate, either partially immersed or fully submerged in deep water, is analyzed in this study. The plate is modeled as either an elastic porous plate or a tensioned porous membrane of finite length. The original physical problem in the half-plane is modeled as a mixed boundary value problem for the Laplace equation with higher-order structural boundary conditions. To address the problem, it is decomposed into a pair of quarter-plane problems by introducing a symmetric function and a special connection in the form of integro-differential relations. The involved connection links the original solution potentials with rigid and newly defined auxiliary potentials. These latter problems are reduced to Fredholm integral equations of the first kind, which are solved using the Galerkin technique. The technique involves the basis functions as simple polynomials multiplied by appropriate weight functions whose forms are dictated by the plate edge conditions. This methodology yields highly accurate closed bounds for the radiated wave amplitude. Numerical results are presented and analyzed to examine how the radiated wave amplitude varies with different physical and structural parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104333"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A universal measure of nonlocality in peridynamics","authors":"Xuhao Peng ,&nbsp;Zhikun Zhou ,&nbsp;Hengjie Liu ,&nbsp;Xuewen Ou ,&nbsp;Xulong Peng ,&nbsp;Florin Bobaru ,&nbsp;Ziguang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In peridynamics, the influence function determines the “nonlocality” of the model, which depends on the support of the influence function (the “horizon size”) and its specific shape. In this paper, we introduce a universal scalar parameter - the <em>nonlocality constant</em> - to quantify the strength of nonlocal interactions in bond-based peridynamic models. The nonlocality constant derives rigorously from the nonlocal factor, a key component in analytical solutions of peridynamic equations, and establishes a one-to-one correspondence with the difference between peridynamic and classical solutions. By analyzing eight distinct influence functions, we demonstrate that the nonlocality constant universally governs the deviation of peridynamic responses from their classical counterparts. Using the analytical solution for elastic membrane deflection derived via eigenfunction expansion, we validate that the proposed measure accurately ranks influence functions by their nonlocality strength. This work provides a systematic framework for selecting influence functions in multiscale modeling of materials with microstructural heterogeneities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104338"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indeterminacy and well-posedness of the non-local theory of Rayleigh waves","authors":"Andrea Nobili ,&nbsp;Dipendu Pramanik","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The latest literature stance holds that, in a 2D framework, the non-local theory of elasticity, as developed by Eringen, is fundamentally inconsistent because “it does not satisfy the equations of motion for [the] non-local stresses”. In fact, it is believed that the differential form of this theory, that is accessible when the attenuation function is a Green function and that is well-posed, gives different results from the integral formulation. We show that these ideas are ill-conceived, provided that we adopt the <em>kernel modification approach</em>, by which the constitutive boundary conditions (CBCs) embedded in the integral formulation are reconciled with the natural boundary conditions of the problem at hand. Indeed, this kernel modification strategy, which was first introduced by the authors for 1D non-local models, is necessary to avoid that the problem becomes over-constrained through (possibly conflicting) natural and constitutive boundary conditions, and consequently ill-posed. Once the problem is made well-posed, we show that (1) failure to satisfy the equations of motion is not only expected, but it is in fact necessary, (2) for the example case of surface waves propagating in a stress-free half-plane, the integral and the differential formulations coincide, (3) for a force problem, the non-local theory is generally <em>indeterminate</em> because it lacks compatibility: consequently, for a unique solution, an extra boundary condition is needed, and (4) multiple Rayleigh wave branches appear as a consequence of non-locality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 104321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adhesion- and friction-induced suppression of buckling in thin spherical shells in contact with a rigid wall","authors":"Roohollah Nazari ,&nbsp;Ramin Aghababaei ,&nbsp;Antonio Papangelo ,&nbsp;Michele Ciavarella","doi":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijengsci.2025.104329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the contact mechanics of thin elastic shells is essential for a wide range of applications, from structural systems to soft robotics. This study focuses on how interfacial adhesion and friction influence the mechanical response of spherical shells in contact with a rigid plane, with particular attention to the suppression of buckling instabilities (or more precisely, snap-back instabilities, or snap-buckling). A comprehensive mapping of the transition between buckling and non-buckling regimes is carried out using the Finite Element Method. Numerical results are further validated through experiments, which demonstrate that for thin shells in contact with smooth surfaces – where interfacial adhesion and friction are high – buckling can be entirely suppressed, resulting in a more stable contact configuration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14053,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 104329"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}