Cancer Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Neighborhood Deprivation and Suicide Among Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients","authors":"Abhery Das,&nbsp;Cecily A. Byrne,&nbsp;Vanessa M. Oddo,&nbsp;Sidra Goldman-Mellor,&nbsp;Sage J. Kim","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 2024, approximately 84,100 adolescents and young adults (AYAs) between 15 and 39 years old received a cancer diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given their unique psychosocial, economic, and clinical stressors, we examined whether AYA cancer patients living in deprived neighborhoods have a higher risk of suicide when compared to those in the least deprived neighborhoods.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our sample comprised 486,374 AYA cancer patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset between 2006 and 2020. We use Cox proportional hazard models to test the relation between quintiles of neighborhood deprivation, from Q1 (most deprived) to Q5 (least deprived), and survival months until suicide mortality from the time of cancer diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We find that AYA cancer patients living in more deprived neighborhoods (Q1, Q2, Q4) have a higher risk of suicide when compared to those in the least deprived neighborhoods (Q5) (Q1: HR—1.82 [1.14–2.90]; Q2: HR—1.95 [1.35–2.81]; Q4: HR—1.48 [1.05–2.07]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mental health services and monitoring from treatment through survivorship may support suicide prevention efforts for young cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early identification of high-risk AYA cancer patients living in deprived areas may help target suicide prevention interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Observation of Orbital Development in Patients With Retinoblastoma Following Unilateral Enucleation","authors":"Nan Wang,&nbsp;Feng Ke,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Tingting Ren,&nbsp;Rui Liu,&nbsp;Fuxiao Luan,&nbsp;Liangyuan Xu,&nbsp;Jianmin Ma","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate bilateral orbital development differences and influencing factors in retinoblastoma patients undergoing unilateral enucleation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective comparative analysis was performed on patients from Beijing Tongren Hospital (January 2011–December 2020). Preoperative and 3 months, 1 year, 3 years postoperative, and the final follow-up imaging data were collected, with bilateral orbital volumes reconstructed using ITK-SNAP software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-nine patients were followed for an average of 7.7 ± 2.45 years. Average orbital volumes (mm³) for the surgical and nonsurgical sides before surgery were 14,323.81 ± 4596.60 and 14,457.93 ± 4732.26 (<i>p</i> = 0.330). Postoperative volumes at 3 months were 16,481.84 ± 4034.21 and 16,866.45 ± 3999.71 (<i>p</i> = 0.007). At 12 months, volumes were 16,798.16 ± 3323.33 and 18,119.16 ± 3840.27 (<i>p</i> = 0.000). At 36 months, volumes were 18,758.26 ± 2917.35 and 19,973.55 ± 3189.83 (<i>p</i> = 0.000). The last follow-up volumes were 20,523.78 ± 3221.20 and 21,576.78 ± 3381.96 (<i>p</i> = 0.000). Bilateral volume differences were 2.28%, 7.29%, 6.08%, and 4.88% at 3 months, 12 months, 36 months after operation, and final follow-up. The growth trajectory on the surgical side demonstrated growth restrictions, accompanied by a shift in the growth peak. Factors affecting development included the age at the time of operation and the type of orbital implants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Volumetric analysis revealed active orbital development between 3 and 12 months post-enucleation, followed by a significant plateau phase. The final orbital volume deficit in the surgical orbit stabilized at approximately 5% compared to the non-operated orbit. Hydrogel implants demonstrated a trade-off: potentially reduced volume deficit but higher complication risks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of MUTYH Monoallelic Variants in Patients With Hereditary Cancer Using Multigene Panel Testing","authors":"Gemma Caliendo,&nbsp;Chiara Della Pepa,&nbsp;Alessia Mignano,&nbsp;Luisa Albanese,&nbsp;Luana Passariello,&nbsp;Anna Cozzolino,&nbsp;Francesca Iengo,&nbsp;Anna Maria Molinari,&nbsp;Laura Pesce,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Vietri","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71231","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The <i>MUTYH</i> gene is involved in DNA repair and is known for MAP (<i>MUTYH</i>-associated polyposis), an autosomal recessive disorder that predisposes individuals to colorectal cancer (CRC), with a lifetime risk ranging from 40% to 90%. Homozygosity or double heterozygosity (DH) for pathogenic variants (PVs) in <i>MUTYH</i> causes MAP, but several studies suggest that monoallelic PVs may also increase cancer risk, mainly CRC and breast cancer (BC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed <i>MUTYH</i> status in a cohort of 130 patients referred to our familial cancer clinic for suspected hereditary cancer, describing their mutations and clinical features, and comparing the <i>MUTYH</i> mutation rate between our cancer cohort and a group of 150 healthy volunteers. We also described the genetic profile and clinical features of probands relatives, when possible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>10% of our cancer patients carried a <i>MUTYH</i> PV, while the gene was wild type in all the samples from the control group. The most frequent PVs were c.1187G&gt;A (p.Gly396Asp) and c.536A&gt;G (p.Tyr179cys). We found a double mutation (DM) in 6 patients, with one carrying a DM in MUTYH and the other 5 harboring mutations in <i>MUTYH</i> and other cancer susceptibility genes (<i>CHEK2, BRIP1, MLH1</i>, and <i>BRCA1</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The higher <i>MUTYH</i> mutation rate observed in the cancer cohort compared with the control group; cancer recurrence observed in the heterozygous carriers and in both maternal and paternal family branches of patients harboring a DM suggests that <i>MUTYH</i> PVs may play a role in cancer predisposition and progression, even when monoallelic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segment Anything Model for Gastric Cancer","authors":"Lanlan Li,&nbsp;Chongyang Wang,&nbsp;Yi Geng,&nbsp;Tao Chen,&nbsp;Ziyue Wang,&nbsp;Kaixin Lin,&nbsp;Hongan Wei,&nbsp;Jianping Wang,&nbsp;Dabiao Wang,&nbsp;Decao Niu,&nbsp;Juan Li","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71246","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric cancer is a biologically aggressive disease, accounting for a substantial proportion of cancer-related deaths globally. Accurate localization of the lesion by artificial intelligence techniques helps timely and efficiently diagnose and treat. Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated considerable potential in medical image segmentation by displaying high performance in numerous image benchmark tests. However, its resource-intensive nature limits feasibility in embedded medical contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study proposed GC-SAM, a lightweight model for tumor segmentation. The architecture of GC-SAM is innovatively proposed, including a knowledge distillation image encoder, prompt encoder, and mask decoder, which effectively replaces the conventional fixed and computationally intensive network components.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extensive experiments demonstrate that GC-SAM significantly outperforms both classical segmentation models and recent state-of-the-art networks. On the internal test set, GC-SAM achieves 0.8186 Dice and 0.6504 mIoU, while reducing inference time and parameter count by over 80% compared to the original SAM. On the external dataset, GC-SAM maintains superior performance (Dice 0.8350), demonstrating excellent generalization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proposed GC-SAM model shows strong capability in segmenting gastric cancer tissue, while also demonstrating practical potential for deployment in embedded medical imaging devices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Cell-to-Cell Adhesion With Tumor Budding Among Early-Onset and Later-Onset Colorectal Cancer Patients","authors":"Oda Hausmann,&nbsp;Pauline P. Schobert,&nbsp;Jennifer Ose,&nbsp;Caroline Himbert,&nbsp;Maria Pletneva,&nbsp;Jolanta Jedrzkiewicz,&nbsp;Anne Nguyen,&nbsp;Tengda Lin,&nbsp;Christy A. Warby,&nbsp;Sheetal Hardikar,&nbsp;Anita R. Peoples,&nbsp;Ildiko Strehli,&nbsp;Lyen C. Huang,&nbsp;Jessica N. Cohan,&nbsp;Bartley Pickron,&nbsp;Courtney Scaife,&nbsp;Christopher I. Li,&nbsp;William M. Grady,&nbsp;David Shibata,&nbsp;Adetunji T. Toriola,&nbsp;Martin Schneider,&nbsp;Jane C. Figueiredo,&nbsp;Erin M. Siegel,&nbsp;Biljana Gigic,&nbsp;Stephan Herzig,&nbsp;Mmadili N. Ilozumba,&nbsp;Cornelia M. Ulrich","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71267","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cam4.71267","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High tumor budding and elevated systemic inflammation are adverse prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer. Its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. It is unclear whether systemic inflammation, angiogenesis, and cell-to-cell adhesion influence tumor budding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated <i>n</i> = 132 stage I–III colorectal cancer patients recruited at Huntsman Cancer Institute enrolled in the ColoCare Study. Tumor budding was evaluated using an evidence-based scoring system, and patient sera were analyzed for nine circulating biomarkers using the Meso Scale Discovery platform. We examined associations between biomarkers and tumor budding using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, neoadjuvant treatment, stage, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study population was predominantly non-Hispanic White (95%), with a mean age of 61 years; 56% were male. Most tumors were stage III (47%), located in the colon (64%), and exhibited low-grade tumor budding (58%). Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 was inversely associated with tumor budding overall (M1: <i>β</i> = −0.57, <i>p</i> = 0.03), among females (M1: <i>β</i> = −0.81, <i>p</i>-value = 0.03) and later-onset (≥ 50 years) colorectal cancer (M1: <i>β</i> = −0.71, <i>p</i>-value = 0.008). C-reactive protein was positively associated with tumor budding in males (M1: <i>β</i> = 0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.001), while interleukin-8 (M1: <i>β</i> = 0.96, <i>p</i>-value = 0.01) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule 1 (M2: <i>β</i> = 1.48, <i>p</i>-value = 0.04) were positively associated with tumor budding in early-onset patients. However, these associations did not remain statistically significant after correction for multiple testing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, our findings do not provide evidence of a significant association between biomarkers of systemic inflammation, angiogenesis, and cell-to-cell adhesion with tumor budding count. We observed patterns for some biomarkers, yet none remained statistically significant after correction for multiple testing. These findings provide preliminary insights for future studies.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02328677.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification Analysis of Sentinel Lymphatic Nodes in Endometrial Cancer Patients (EU-OSNA): A European Multicenter Diagnostic Accuracy Study","authors":"Jan Kostun,&nbsp;Krzysztof Nowosielski,&nbsp;Marcin A. Jedryka,&nbsp;David Hardisson,&nbsp;Stefano Restaino,&nbsp;Sonia Gatius,&nbsp;Zoltan Novak,&nbsp;Amaia Sagasta Lacalle,&nbsp;Susana Lopez,&nbsp;Martin Pešta,&nbsp;Marcin Zebalski,&nbsp;Piotr Lepka,&nbsp;María Dolores Diestro,&nbsp;Giuseppe Vizzielli,&nbsp;Xavier Matias-Guiu,&nbsp;Tímea Echim,&nbsp;Emma Natalia Camacho Urkaray,&nbsp;Iván Rienda,&nbsp;Robert Slunečko,&nbsp;Andrzej Czekanski,&nbsp;Alberto Berjón,&nbsp;Laura Mariuzzi,&nbsp;Ana Velasco,&nbsp;Judit Betenbuk,&nbsp;Isabel Guerra Merino,&nbsp;Pablo Padilla-Iserte,&nbsp;Petr Stráník,&nbsp;Vendula Smoligová,&nbsp;Jiří Presl","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71268","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This European multicenter study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) as the primary endpoint by comparing this method with ultrastaging for the detection of sentinel node metastases in endometrial cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>European multicenter prospective performance study including data from 10 centers across 5 European countries. Each node, upon removal of surrounding adipose tissue, was sliced in 2 mm thick sections and equally distributed between ultrastaging and OSNA. OSNA is based on cytokeratin-19 detection, serving as a metastatic marker. Sensitivity, specificity, and concordance of OSNA versus ultrastaging were calculated at nodal and patient levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seven hundred forty-three sentinel nodes from 366 patients were evaluated. Compared to ultrastaging, OSNA showed concordance, specificity, and sensitivity of 95%, 97.6%, and 41.2% at the nodal level and 93.2%, 96.2%, and 47.8% at the patient level, respectively. In reverse analysis, when compared to OSNA, the ultrastaging showed a sensitivity of 45.2% and 45.8% at the nodal and patient levels, respectively. Irrespective of the size of metastasis, both methods agreed in 14 positive and 692 negative nodes (95%). This resulted in 24 (6.56%) patients with a positive OSNA and 23 (6.28%) patients with a positive ultrastaging finding. The number of discordant nodes was 47 (6.33%), 40 (85.1%) of them were micrometastases. Benign epithelial inclusions occurred in 4 nodes (0.54%) and 4 patients (1.09%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with ultrastaging, OSNA showed high concordance and specificity, but sensitivity was low—similar to ultrastaging compared with OSNA as an index test in reverse analysis. The main limitation in comparing the two approaches by splitting the sentinel nodes was the tissue allocation bias. As reflected in the number of discordant cases, especially at the micrometastases level. The distribution of patients with node metastases was comparable between the two methods at both the nodal and patient levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>German Clinical Trial Register: Nr. DRKS00021520</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) Mutations in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Juliana F. M. Lewis,&nbsp;Naval G. Daver,&nbsp;Noah Jamie Robinson,&nbsp;Bhavik J. Pandya,&nbsp;Bosny Pierre-Louis,&nbsp;Sayma Monir,&nbsp;Jorge Sierra","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3</i> (<i>FLT3</i>) mutations are associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analyses of studies reporting <i>FLT3</i> mutation prevalence in patients with AML.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched all publications through September 2022; the earliest publication we retrieved was published in 1997. Based on these publications, data from the studies were generated between 1985 and 2021. Prevalence was evaluated overall and by study type, geographic location of study, patient age, and gender.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weighted mean (95% confidence interval) prevalence for <i>FLT3</i> internal tandem duplication (ITD) and <i>FLT3</i> tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations were 20% (19%–22%) and 7% (6%–8%), respectively, with wide variability in individual study estimates (<i>FLT3</i>-ITD: 5.1%–41.4%; <i>FLT3</i>-TKD: 2.3%–12.0%). Weighted mean prevalence estimates for <i>FLT3-</i>ITD and <i>FLT3-</i>TKD mutations were higher in populations from interventional (<i>FLT3-</i>ITD: 22%; <i>FLT3-</i>TKD: 8%) than non-interventional studies (<i>FLT3-</i>ITD: 19%; <i>FLT3-</i>TKD: 6%). Weighted mean <i>FLT3</i> mutation prevalence estimates were higher for Europe (<i>FLT3-</i>ITD: 23%; <i>FLT3-</i>TKD: 8%) and lower for Asia (<i>FLT3-</i>ITD: 18%; <i>FLT3-</i>TKD: 5%). Weighted mean prevalence of <i>FLT3</i>-ITD mutations was higher in younger adults (aged 18–59 years; 23%) than paediatric (aged &lt; 18 years; 12%) or older (aged ≥ 60 years; 18%) populations, and in females (22%) than males (18%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was the first study to comprehensively assess the reported prevalence of <i>FLT3</i> mutations worldwide among AML patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We described the distribution of <i>FLT3</i> mutations; further work is needed to understand prevalence estimate heterogeneity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Race, Insurance Status, and Income Factors Impact Pathologic Fracture Presentation and Management?","authors":"Ashley B. Bozzay,&nbsp;Kara Churovich,&nbsp;Julio A. Rivera,&nbsp;Benjamin K. Potter","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71201","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metastatic bone disease (MBD) and pathologic fractures (PF) can impact quality of life, functionality, and survival. Understanding the management of PF and access to care and treatment in the U.S. healthcare system can improve patient outcomes, directly impacting treatment eligibility and overall survival. We ask: (1) Do race, income, and insurance status differ between prophylactic stabilization of impending and acute fixation of overt PF, respectively? (2) Are race, income, and insurance status associated with complications in patients with metastatic bone disease? (3) Are race, income, and insurance associated with length of stay and insurance type in patients with MBD?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The NIS HCUP database was queried from 2016 to 2020 for pathological fractures. We then identified patients with associated cancer ICD-10 diagnostic codes for the hospitalization (breast, prostate, renal, lung, thyroid, bone, and other). General linear models (GLMs) were used to answer each clinical question. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the other malignancies associated with osseous metastasis and performed the same studies as above.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found 2050 prophylactically stabilized impending and 4181 acute fractures. There were no differences among races, income, or insurance status and the prevalence of impending versus acute fractures. We found that Black patients were more likely to have complications, while Hispanic patients were the least likely, compared to other races. Black patients had higher hospital costs, while both Black and Hispanic patients had more extended hospitalizations and were more likely to have Medicaid or no insurance compared to other races. Our post hoc analyses found that the rate of impending and acute fractures differed among race, income, and insurance status, depending on the metastatic cause.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified healthcare disparities in patients with impending and overt PF due to MBD despite minimal to no differences in patient comorbidities, fracture management, or hospitalization complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy and Efficacy of Arsenic Trioxide-Based Non-Platinum Chemotherapy Following the Progression of PARPi Maintenance Therapy: A Real-World Study","authors":"Rui Gou,&nbsp;Qi Xie,&nbsp;Haishan Ren,&nbsp;Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Tingting Wang,&nbsp;Ziyu Li,&nbsp;Zhenning Li,&nbsp;Ruichen Wang,&nbsp;Yingchao Yang,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Shen,&nbsp;Yi Li,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Lihui Wei,&nbsp;Xiaoping Li","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cross-resistance is observed between platinum and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). We aim to propose the definition of PARPi resistance and demonstrate the best therapeutic strategy for patients with PARPi resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis was performed on patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer from October 2015 to November 2022. Patients were treated with PARPi for more than 6 months and received chemotherapy after progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally, 41 patients were enrolled, with 21 receiving PARPi for 6 to 12 months and 20 for more than 12 months. The median duration of PARPi was 12 months, and the median time to second progression (TTSP) was 3.45 months (range, 1.0–20.2 months). The Kaplan–Meier and Cox analysis revealed a significantly shorter TTSP for patients who received PARPi for more than 12 months compared to those for 6 to 12 months. After PARPi resistance, 34 (82.9%) received platinum-based chemotherapy, with an overall response rate (ORR) of 26.5% (9/34). Seven patients (17.1%) received arsenic trioxide (ATO)-based chemotherapy, with an ORR of 57.1% (4/7). During subsequent chemotherapy, 12/34 patients switched to ATO-based chemotherapy due to progression, of which five cases were evaluated as effective (41.7%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PARPi resistance has a negative impact on the subsequent chemotherapy. The progression of the disease beyond 6 to 12 months should be considered as acquired resistance. Non-platinum chemotherapy, such as ATO-based combined sequential chemotherapy, may emerge as the preferred option for patients with PARPi resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal Neoplasia Pathogenesis in Normal Appearing Colonic Mucosa -A Perspective With Focus on Eicosanoid Signaling Pathways","authors":"Ulrike Ries Feddersen,&nbsp;Sebastian Kjærgaard Hendel,&nbsp;Victoria Hellen Berner-Hansen,&nbsp;Simon Veedfald,&nbsp;Mark Berner-Hansen,&nbsp;Niels Bindslev","doi":"10.1002/cam4.71168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.71168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality, especially in the Western world, and its incidence is expected to increase in the years to come. Prevention and early detection are key strategies to improve CRC morbidity and mortality. Although pathogenesis is still not fully understood, several signaling pathways have been studied and some are associated with the development of colorectal neoplasia (CRN) and CRC. Further identification of individuals with an increased risk of developing CRN would allow optimization of surveillance programs and help guide pharmacological preventive strategies. This perspective review outlines signaling pathways, biomarkers, and related pharmacological targets potentially implicated in the pathogenesis of CRN. We present our research based on studies carried out in normal appearing colonic mucosa from patients with and without CRN. With a focus on arachidonic acid signaling pathways, and in contrast to many other studies on cell culture and CRN tissue samples, our research is based on fresh colonic biopsies from normal tissue and presents and documents alterations in the function, expression, and location of enzymes, receptors, and transporters potentially involved in CRN pathogenesis. Based on these findings, we suggest areas of focus for future research and drug development for prevention and maybe even treatment of CRN and CRC. Furthermore, based on our observations of the COX-1 enzyme, we also discuss the implications of this enzyme in the development of CRN.</p>","PeriodicalId":139,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Medicine","volume":"14 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cam4.71168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}