International Journal of Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the Bonding Shear Strength between Enamel and Dentin Feldspathic Porcelain and Two Different Monolithic Zirconia with Low and High Translucency.","authors":"Amirhossein Fathi, Yeganeh Natanzian, Mahsa Ghorbani, Ramin Mosharraf","doi":"10.1155/2024/5921637","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5921637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The utilization of ceramics in the field of dentistry has seen a significant rise owing to their esthetic appeal and excellent functional properties. The use of ceramics in the field of dentistry has witnessed a notable surge, driven by their appealing esthetics and exceptional functional attributes. Zirconia, distinguished by its exceptional mechanical strength, plays a pivotal role in the fabrication of posterior crowns and bridges. Among zirconia variants, monolithic zirconia stands out, where the entire restoration is crafted from zirconia material. In parallel, feldspathic porcelain, chosen for its remarkable resemblance to natural tooth enamel, represents another significant ceramic type. This study aims to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) between two types of monolithic zirconia with two types of feldspathic porcelain.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Forty-four monolithic zirconia veneered discs with feldspathic porcelain were subjected to SBS testing. The dimensions of the discs were 7 mm in diameter and 5 mm in height (3 mm of zirconia and 2 mm of porcelain). Subsequently, the specimens were subjected to a universal testing machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure occurred. The type of failure was examined using scanning electron microscopy. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), two-way ANOVA, Fisher's test, and multiple Tukey comparisons were used as statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest SBS was achieved by the high-translucency monolithic zirconia with enamel porcelain group (18.81 ± 3.18 MPa) and the high-translucency monolithic zirconia with dentin porcelain group (17.89 ± 2.75 MPa), followed by the low-translucency monolithic zirconia with dentin porcelain group (15.04 ± 2.24 MPa) and the low-translucency monolithic zirconia with enamel porcelain group (14.33 ± 2.00 MPa), respectively. Additionally, the most common type of failure pattern observed was mixed, followed by adhesive failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The translucency of the porcelain did not significantly affect SBS, while the type of monolithic zirconia used had a significant impact. Furthermore, there was no discernible relationship between the four groups in terms of the distribution of failure patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5921637"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11326879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141987866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Urinary Biomarkers in Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Adriano Fratini, Rossana Izzetti, Nicola Riccetti, Stefano Gennai, Filippo Graziani, Enrico Marchetti","doi":"10.1155/2024/9769772","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/9769772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomarkers can be measured in various biological samples. Urine is among the most useful biofluids for routine testing, and several experimental and clinical studies support its role as a tool for the diagnosis and prevention of various diseases. The present systematic review aimed to examine periodontitis-specific urine biomarkers that could have a diagnostic relevance and to provide a qualitative assessment of the current literature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Relevant studies identified from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases were examined to answer the following PECO question: \"Could the concentration of specific metabolites in the urine be related to periodontal health and what is their diagnostic accuracy?\". Quality of included studies was rated using ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analysis was conducted on available quantitative data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After the screening of 768 titles, five studies were included in qualitative synthesis. The studies included referred to the evaluation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and neopterin. Meta-analysis was conducted for neopterin concentration on data available in four studies involving 129 participants. Higher concentrations of neopterin were found in periodontitis-affected patients compared to controls and patients treated for periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The literature appears controversial in attributing a role to neopterin and 8-OHdG as periodontal biomarkers, highlighting the need for further clinical studies on this topic. While some studies report variations in 8-OHdG and neopterin levels in periodontally affected patients versus either controls or periodontally treated patients, the level of evidence appears still limited to draw firm conclusions (PROSPERO CRD42020222681).</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"9769772"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141893406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization Is Associated with the Prevalence of Thinness among Schoolchildren in Communities with Different Fluoride Levels in the Drinking Water.","authors":"Alvaro García Pérez, Teresa Villanueva Gutiérrez, Alvaro Edgar González-Aragón Pineda, Karla Lizbeth Murillo Santos, Nora Guillermina Pérez Pérez","doi":"10.1155/2024/6212877","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6212877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and the prevalence of thinness among Mexican schoolchildren in communities with different fluoride levels in the drinking water.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study on Mexican children (<i>n</i> = 488) selected from two communities presenting different concentrations of fluoride in the drinking water (1.0-1.40 ppm/F). The World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards were used to calculate BMI-for-age <i>z</i>-scores, with BMI <i>z</i>-score cutoff points of <-2.0, >+1.0, >+2.0 recommended for defining thinness, being overweight, and obesity. The presence and severity of MIH were evaluated using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association, adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of children presenting thinness, being overweight, and obesity was 8.2%, 23.6%, and 28.7%, respectively, while 21.5% of the schoolchildren had MIH, classified, by severity, as 9.6% mild, 6.4% moderate, and 5.5% severe. Of those schoolchildren presenting thinness, 16.2% had MIH, and only 6.0% did not (<i>p</i>  < 0.001). Finally, schoolchildren presenting thinness were more likely to present MIH (OR = 2.76 (CI 95% 1.33-5.73); <i>p</i>=0.006) than children with a normal BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study found a relationship between thinness and the presence of MIH in schoolchildren, indicating the need for strategies and interventions aimed at preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies in the child population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6212877"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141734069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Debris Extrusion in Curved Canals: An In Vitro Analysis of Various Single-File Endodontic Instrumentation Systems.","authors":"Muhammad Zubair Ahmad","doi":"10.1155/2024/8367693","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8367693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Rotary single-file endodontic systems are commonly used for root canal treatment. However, very few studies have evaluated the apical extrusion of debris generated by these systems during canal preparation at normal body temperature in laboratory conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of apically extruded debris caused by seven different single-file endodontic instrumentation systems at body temperature in mandibular molar teeth with curved root canals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred forty mandibular first permanent molars were randomly divided into seven groups (<i>n</i> = 20) to be prepared by one of the following systems at 35°C: Reciproc Blue (REC Blue), WaveOne Gold (WOG), One Reci (OR), Neoniti, HyFlex EDM (HEDM), One Curve (OC), or XP Shaper (XPS). Debris was collected into preweighted Eppendorf tubes. The weight of the extruded debris was recorded by subtracting the weight of the tooth-free apparatus from the post-procedure weight. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (<i>p</i>  < 5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>REC Blue, WOG, and OR groups extruded significantly more debris from the apex than XPS, OC, and Neoniti groups (<i>p</i>  < 0.05). No significant difference was observed among the XPS, OC, Neoniti, and HEDM groups (<i>p</i>  > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All the instruments were associated with debris extrusion. However, REC Blue, WOG, and OR extrude significantly more debris than other instruments. The amount of debris with different files was REC Blue > OR > WOG > HEDM > OC > Neoniti > XPS. XPS, Neoniti, and OC caused significantly less extrusion of debris than REC Blue, WOG, and OR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8367693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11245337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141616358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-Based Dental Education (CBDE): A Survey of Current Program Implementation at Australian Dental Schools.","authors":"Millicent Taylor, Sandra Carr, Omar Kujan","doi":"10.1155/2024/2890518","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/2890518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Community-based dental education (CBDE) diverges from traditional dental school training methods by integrating dental students into primary care community settings. This immersive approach enables students to refine their clinical and hands-on skills while serving the oral health needs of underserved populations. This study aimed to identify ways in which Australian dental schools are currently implementing CBDE and compared to current evidence.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study utilized a 24-item, self-completion survey, adapted from existing questionnaires, which was sent to the CBDE coordinators in the nine eligible dental programs in Australia between mid-January 2023 and mid-April 2023. The survey consisted of multiple-choice, binary, and open-ended questions, including information on the level of student involvement, types of external clinics used, length of rotations, student supervision and assessment, pre-rotation preparation, and post-rotation evaluation, as well as challenges faced in implementing programs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six of the nine invited coordinators responded, resulting in a 66.7% response rate. All participants confirmed that their schools had a community-based teaching program. All six respondents reported that participation in external clinics is required for graduation. Implementation of CBDE appears to be influenced by (1) level of student involvement, (2) the types of clinics utilised, (3) allocation and length of rotation, (4) student supervision and assessment, (5) pre-rotation preparation, and (6) post-rotation evaluation. Six (<i>n</i> = 6) institutions reported requiring a post-rotation reflection from students and all respondents reported seeking feedback from clinical supervisors at external sites. Emerging themes from open-ended questions highlight challenges in coordinating external rosters, securing funding, supervising students at external sites, and ensuring diverse types of student exposure during external rotations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provided insights into the implementation of CBDE in Australian dental schools. Results outlined in this research offer valuable insights for dental schools aiming to enhance their programs and improve student learning outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"2890518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11239228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Evaluation of Internal Dental Resorption: An Analysis of a Cohort of 50 Cases.","authors":"Tania Puentes-Morelos, Víctor Simancas-Escorcia, Arnulfo Tarón-Dunoyer, Carlos M Ardila, Antonio Díaz-Caballero","doi":"10.1155/2024/1454079","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1454079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to perform a histological evaluation of teeth diagnosed with internal root resorption.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A descriptive study involved the examination of 50 human teeth extracted due to an unfavorable prognosis for retention in the oral cavity. Teeth were preserved in 10% buffered formalin and subsequently subjected to the decalcification process. Masson-Goldner staining was applied for comprehensive histological assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all the 50 teeth examined, resorption gaps within the dentin tissue were identified, accompanied by the presence of reparative cells in the vicinity of these cavities. Marked structural loss and dentin fragmentation were evident, with regions exhibiting fissures and an absence of dentinal tubules.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The histological evaluation of 50 teeth diagnosed with internal dental resorption revealed significant structural alterations, including resorption lacunae, the presence of multinucleated osteoclast-like cells, and reparative connective tissue. These findings highlight the complex and multifaceted nature of internal dental resorption. These histological insights provide a deeper understanding of the pathological processes involved in internal dental resorption and underscore the necessity for early detection and intervention to mitigate tooth loss and preserve dental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"1454079"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11223901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141534449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Nano-Graphene Oxide Addition on Surface Microhardness and Roughness of Glass Ionomer Cements: A Laboratory Study.","authors":"Farahnaz Sharafeddin, Mohammad Mahdi Shirani, Zahra Jowkar","doi":"10.1155/2024/5597367","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5597367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nanomaterials, including nano-graphene oxide (nGO), have emerged as promising modifiers for dental materials. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of incorporating nGO into conventional glass ionomer cement (CGIC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on surface roughness and hardness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty disk-shaped specimens (2 × 6 mm) were divided into six groups: CGIC, RMGIC, CGIC with 1 wt.% nGO, CGIC with 2 wt.% nGO, RMGIC with 1 wt.% nGO, and RMGIC with 2 wt.% nGO. Surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers microhardness (VHN) were measured using a surface profilometer and Vickers microhardness tester, respectively. Statistical analysis employed the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (<i>p</i> <0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The microhardness of RMGICs significantly increased with 1% and 2% nGO (<i>p</i>=0.017, <i>P</i>=0.001, respectively), while CGICs showed a significant decrease in VHN with nGO incorporation (<i>p</i>=0.001). VHN values of all CGIC groups were significantly higher than those of all RMGIC groups (<i>p</i>=0.001). Mean surface roughness values for all CGICs were significantly higher than those of RMGIC groups (<i>p</i>=0.001). Within the RMGIC groups, mean Ra values of RMGIC + 1 wt.% nGO and RMGIC + 2 wt.% nGO groups decreased significantly compared to the RMGIC control group (<i>p</i>=0.001, <i>p</i>=0.001, respectively). Among CGIC groups, mean Ra values of 1 wt.% and 2 wt.% nGO/CGIC groups were significantly higher than the CGIC control group (<i>p</i>=0.016, <i>p</i>=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Incorporating nGO into RMGICs increased surface microhardness while reducing surface roughness, offering potential advantages for clinical applications. Conversely, adding nGO to CGICs increased surface roughness and decreased surface hardness. These findings emphasize the potential benefits of utilizing nGO in RMGICs and their implications in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5597367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Solubility, and Volumetric and Morphological Alterations of Bioceramic Filling Material for Primary Teeth: A New Methodological Approach.","authors":"Víctor M Ochoa-Rodríguez, Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Leandro Fernandes, Ana B B Solcia, Juliane M Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Mário Tanomaru-Filho, Gisele Faria","doi":"10.1155/2024/5945033","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5945033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the solubility and the volumetric and morphological alterations of bioceramic filling material (Bio-CP) for primary teeth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Bio-CP, Calen thickened with zinc oxide (Calen-ZO), and with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) were placed in 1- or 2-mm-diameter polyethylene tubes and immersed in water or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 30 days. The solubility (mass loss) was assessed using methodology modified from ISO 6876. Filling capacity, volumetric changes, and presence of voids were assessed by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The surface distribution of the chemical elements and the crystalline phases was evaluated by energy scattering X-ray scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to detect hydroxyapatite precipitate and components. The Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn's or two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used (<i>α</i> = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The solubility was ZOE > Calen-ZO = Bio-CP. Calen-ZO and Bio-CP were more soluble in water than in PBS. All the materials showed greater solubility in 2-mm tube diameter in both PBS and distilled water, except for Bio-CP in distilled water, which showed no difference between both tube diameters (1 and 2 mm). Only Calen-ZO and ZOE were analyzed by micro-CT, because Bio-CP separated into two phases during scanning. Calen-ZO had greater volumetric loss and presence of voids than ZOE in water, but there was no difference in PBS. The hydroxyapatite precipitate on the surface of Bio-CP and Calen-ZO was detected after immersion in PBS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although Bio-CP had acceptable solubility and filling capacity, its composition did not allow a proper volumetric and void assessment. From a clinical perspective, Bio-CP has the potential to become a suitable material for root canal filling in primary teeth. Nonetheless, its composition must first be revised to achieve better chemical stability prior to its recommendation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"5945033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adults with Treacher Collins Syndrome Share Comparable 3D Upper Airway Dimensions with Nonsyndromic Individuals.","authors":"Renan Jhordan Mettelziefen Dos Inocentes, Alexandre de Almeida Ribeiro, Maria Noel Marzano-Rodrigues, Marília Sayako Yatabe-Ioshida, Ivy Kiemle Trindade-Suedam","doi":"10.1155/2024/6545790","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/6545790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sleep apnea symptoms, such as snoring and daytime somnolence, are commonly observed in individuals with Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) and may be related to airway obstruction due to micro- and retro-gnathia. This study aims to three-dimensionally evaluate the upper airway using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams of adolescents (TCS-ADOL) and adults (TCS-ADUL) with TCS compared to a nonsyndromic group (CON).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-six CBCT exams were divided into three groups: TCS-ADOL (<i>n</i> = 7) (13.14 ± 1.67 years): CBCT exams of TCS adolescents; TCS-ADUL (<i>n</i> = 10) (21.80 ± 4.39 years): CBCT exams of TCS adults; and CON (<i>n</i> = 9) (25.33 ± 8.57 years): CBCT exams of adult nonsyndromic individuals with Class II skeletal pattern. The variables analyzed were (1) total upper airway volume; (2) nasal cavity volume; (3) total pharyngeal volume; (4) nasopharyngeal volume; (5) oropharyngeal volume; (6) pharyngeal minimal cross-sectional area; (7) pharyngeal length; and (8) pharyngeal depth. Scans were analyzed by two examiners, and intra- and inter-rater agreement was calculated. A <i>p</i>-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although not statistically significant, the TCS-ADUL group showed decreased airway volume and minimal cross-sectional areas compared to the CON group. There were also significant differences between TCS-ADOL and TCS-ADUL, with significantly lower airway volumes in the TCS-ADOL group. Strong positive correlations were found between certain airway measurements in the TCS-ADOL group, which were not observed in adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The upper airways of adults with TCS are dimensionally similar to those of nonsyndromic individuals, despite absolute value reductions found in the syndromic group. The reduced airway in the adolescent population suggests significant potential for growth, mainly in pharyngeal dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"6545790"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular and Vector-Cardiographic Effects of Articaine Anesthesia with Epinephrine.","authors":"Christoph Pökel, Antina Schulze, Martin Busse","doi":"10.1155/2024/8610423","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8610423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim was to investigate the vector-cardiographic effects in patients submitted to dental extraction under local anesthesia. Twenty-one patients aged 36.6 ± 12.4 years with a clinical and radiographic indication of mandibular or maxillary tooth extraction were enrolled. The intervention was a local or mandibular nerve block anesthesia with 4% articaine hydrochloride containing epinephrine (1 : 100,000; 40 mg/ml + 10 <i>μ</i>g/ml). Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), pulse wave transit time, and vector-cardiography data were recorded throughout 3 min before and 5 min after injection. <i>QRS</i>- and <i>T</i>-wave area under the curve (<i>QRS</i> _AUC/<i>T</i> _AUC) were calculated from the <i>X</i>/<i>Y</i>/<i>Z QRS</i>-vector or <i>T</i>-vector. <i>T</i>-wave amplitude (<i>T</i> _AM), <i>T</i> _AUC values, and diastolic BP decreased, and HR significantly increased 4 min after injection. A transient moderate HR drop and a corresponding small increase in <i>T</i> _AM and <i>T</i> _AUC immediately after the injection procedure may be explained by a decreased sympathetic tone due to psychological relief. In dental anesthesia, the systemic epinephrine effects are represented by a decrease in <i>T</i> _AUC. These effects are most pronounced in the <i>X</i>- and <i>Y</i>-leads. The 3D determination of vector planes or amplitudes is a simple method to register the sympathetic tone in local anesthesia independently of possible effects on <i>T</i>-wave characteristics in single leads. In conclusion, <i>T</i>-wave determination may help to detect even small increases in systemic adrenaline concentration in case of accidental intravascular injection. At the same time, full rhythm and spatial ischemia control is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":13947,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dentistry","volume":"2024 ","pages":"8610423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}