International journal of clinical and experimental pathology最新文献

{"title":"A novel pyroptosis-related gene signature for predicting laryngeal carcinoma prognosis.","authors":"Haopeng Zhang,&nbsp;Lihua Wang,&nbsp;Ziming Yin,&nbsp;Lin Ji,&nbsp;Yu Guo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyroptosis, a newly-defined mode of cell death related to inflammation, is closely related to cancers but has not yet been studied in laryngeal carcinoma (LC). We investigated pyroptosis in LC and constructed a prognostic model. Using RNA sequencing data, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LC and normal tissues to construct a prognostic risk model. The model's accuracy and independent prognostic value were evaluated using survival- and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)- curves; and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, respectively. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data was utilized as a model validation set. Differential analysis revealed 37 DEGs, and consistent clustering showed that pyroptosis-related genes could predict LC prognosis. Six genes (CHMP7, GSDME, GZMB, CASP9, IL6, and NLRP1) were obtained by Lasso Cox regression analysis to construct a prognostic model. The high-risk group had a poor prognosis with areas under the ROC curve at 1-, 3-, and 5-years of 0.619, 0.692, and 0.656, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. Enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways revealed that differentially expressed genes may be related to infection, T cell differentiation, immunity, and inflammation. It was further found that the low survival rate of the high-risk group may be related to the significant reduction of immune cell infiltration and immune function. With the bioinformatic method, six genes related to pyroptosis affecting LC prognosis were screened and a prognostic risk model was constructed, which laid a foundation for pyroptosis study in LC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441861/pdf/ijcep0015-0301.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal mucormycosis in the pediatric age group: an evolving disease.","authors":"Nidhi Mahajan,&nbsp;Niyaz Ahmed Khan,&nbsp;Arti Khatri,&nbsp;Shafqat Bano,&nbsp;Chabbi Ranu Gupta,&nbsp;Mamta Sengar,&nbsp;Karnika Saigal,&nbsp;Arpita Chattopadhyay,&nbsp;Natasha Gupta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mucormycosis is a devastating opportunistic fungal infection resulting in significant mortality, especially in pediatric patients with predisposing risk factors.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Biopsies and surgical specimens reported and proven as Mucormycosis in children under 12 years of age were retrieved from the records for three years (January 2018 to January 2021). Complete data, predisposing factors, treatment, and clinical outcome were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>15 cases were identified, ranging from 9 days to 5 years. The male-female ratio was 3:1; three children were preterm. Fourteen children were diagnosed with gastrointestinal Mucormycosis (14/15), and one had palatal and sinusoidal involvement. Abdominal pain with distention was the most typical complaint. On microscopy, biopsies and surgical specimens showed extensive liquefactive necrosis with broad aseptate fungal hyphae. An intraoperative diagnosis was rendered in two cases. All neonates underwent exploratory laparotomy with surgical debridement and were administered Liposomal Amphotericin B. However, only two neonates survived out of the fifteen cases, one with disease limited to the appendix and pouch colon. The others succumbed to the disease despite antifungal therapy and surgical debridement. Thus, the overall mortality in the current study was calculated to be 86%, with neonatal mortality of 75%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gastrointestinal involvement is more common in neonates and infants with a male preponderance. The diagnosis relies on direct microscopy, histopathology, and fungal culture. Intraoperative tissue may be sent in all suspected cases for direct microscopic examination for rapid diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441857/pdf/ijcep0015-0323.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive hyperplasia of vascular pericytes in meningioma: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of two cases.","authors":"Masayuki Shintaku,&nbsp;Makoto Ohta,&nbsp;Hideo Chihara","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An isolated proliferation of pericytes is a unique vascular reaction seen almost exclusively in the stroma of secretory meningioma. We report the results of immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of a pericytic proliferation that was found in two cases of meningioma (a secretory meningioma of the sphenoid ridge and a parasagittal atypical meningioma showing predominantly fibroblastic features). Pericytes had hyperchromatic nuclei and scant cytoplasm, and showed stratification or formed small clusters within the walls of small blood vessels. They occasionally showed close contact with pseudopsammoma bodies in secretory meningioma. Pericytes showed immunoreactivity for α-smooth muscle actin but were not immunoreactive for desmin. They also exhibited characteristic ultrastructural features of pericytes, including the presence of microfilaments and abundant pinocytotic vesicles, and investment by the basal lamina. This isolated pericytic proliferation is likely a peculiar response of the vascular wall, probably induced by some cytokines secreted from neoplastic meningothelial cells. The close contact of proliferating pericytes with pseudopsammoma bodies suggests a close pathogenetic association between them. The occurrence of pericytic proliferation that was found in our second case (atypical meningioma with predominantly fibroblastic features) is exceptional and has not been documented to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441860/pdf/ijcep0015-0316.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extremely intricate labyrinthine structures: an electron microscopic observation of peculiar invaginations of the plasma membrane found in secretory meningioma.","authors":"Masayuki Shintaku","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large, extremely intricate labyrinthine structures were observed during an electron microscopic examination of a secretory meningioma that originated in the sphenoid ridge of a 73-year-old man. In many neoplastic cells, these labyrinthine structures formed round-shaped regions within the cytoplasm, and profiles indicated their internal structure consisted of numerous thin fragments of cytoplasm and intervening flocculent material. These labyrinthine structures did not exhibit apparent topographic association with pseudopsammoma bodies, and direct communication with the extracellular space by very thin channels was rarely observed. The structures resembled the \"intracytoplasmic lumina\" commonly seen in epithelial neoplasms; but they did not appear to be true \"intracytoplasmic\" closed structures but rather deep and elaborate invaginations of the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. These structures are distinct from pseudopsammoma bodies and might represent another expression of the epithelial properties of neoplastic cells in this subtype of meningioma. Although their pathogenesis or significance remain unknown, these structures may significantly increase the surface area of neoplastic cells and facilitate the uptake of extracellular material.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441856/pdf/ijcep0015-0338.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian steroid cell tumor associated with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome: a report of two cases and literature review.","authors":"Yulan Gong,&nbsp;Suad Taraif,&nbsp;Iryna Mazur,&nbsp;Amandeep Aneja,&nbsp;Min Huang,&nbsp;Debra L Somers,&nbsp;Jian J Fu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Steroid cell tumor (SCT) is a rare sex cord-stromal tumor accounting for only 0.1% of ovarian tumors. Steroid cell tumor, not otherwise specified (SCT, NOS) is of uncertain lineage and is the most common among the three subtypes of SCT. Patients often present with endocrine abnormalities. Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder resulting from inactivating gene deletions, frameshifts, and missense mutations of the VHL gene. VHL syndrome can involve multiple organs and clinically is subclassified into type 1 and type 2 based on the risk of pheochromocytoma (PCC). The association of VHL syndrome with genital tract tumors is rare, and here we report two cases of SCT, NOS in patients with VHL disease. The first case is a 19-year old female with VHL and prior resection of bilateral cerebellar hemangioblastomas. During the radiological surveillance, she was found to have multiple small enhancing foci in the cerebellar hemispheres and a stable small enhancing focus in the T6 cord with associated edema, likely reflecting a small hemangioblastoma. She had long history of irregular menses and ultrasound of pelvis found a large right ovarian mass. Cystectomy specimen showed a 6.4 cm well-circumscribed lesion with yellow cut surface. Histologic examination and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of SCT, NOS. The second patient is a 39-year-old female with VHL, previous surgery for retinal hemangioblastomatosis and cerebellar hemangioblastoma, history of abnormal uterine bleeding and elevated testosterone. CT of abdomen and pelvis revealed bilateral multiple cystic and solid renal lesions and a large left ovarian complex cyst. Bilateral partial nephrectomy showed multiple renal cysts and clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). Left salpingo-oophorectomy showed a 7 cm lesion with yellow-orange cut surface and features consistent with SCT, NOS. Review of the previously reported VHL SCT cases (not including the current two cases) indicated a probable link between VHL syndrome and SCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441858/pdf/ijcep0015-0332.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-126 acts as a tumor suppressor in glioma cells by targeting insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) [Retraction].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article on p. 10345 in vol. 8, PMID: 26617742.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9441859/pdf/ijcep0015-0344.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraligamentous synovial osteochondroma of the ligamentum teres: a series of 14 cases.","authors":"Rana M Ajabnoor,&nbsp;David A Quinzi,&nbsp;Emily Carmody,&nbsp;Brendan F Boyce","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ligamentum teres (LT) is covered by synovium. It acts as a stabilizer of the hip and as such it has been compared to the ACL of the knee joint. Pathologic changes occur in the LT with aging and osteoarthritis (OA), including degeneration, occasional chondroid metaplasia, and synovial chondromatosis are well-recognized in the literature. However, there are no reports of intraligamentous synovial osteochondroma occuring in the LT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the pathology reports of 542 osteoarthritic femoral arthroplasty specimens between January 2016 and December 2018. The LT was examined histologically in 55 cases because it was abnormal on gross examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A single synovial osteochondroma, ranging in size from 0.4-1.7 cm in diameter, was present in the body of the LT in 14 cases (9 males; 5 females, aged 34 to 81 years), representing 2.6% of 542 arthroplasty cases. Ten of the osteochondromas had bone marrow fat without hematopoietic elements, 1 had hematopoietic elements, and 3 had no marrow among the bony trabeculae. Radiographically, all cases had moderate to severe osteoarthritis with no mention of an abnormality of LT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first report of intraligamentous synovial osteochondroma in the LT in osteoarthritis patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. It provides further support for microscopic examination of arthroplasty specimens for histologic abnormalities. Further prospective study is needed to determine if this lesion contributes adversely to the development or progression of osteoarthritis and if it is a reactive or neoplastic process.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9360587/pdf/ijcep0015-0282.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40685509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and prognostic potential of TMEM204: a pan-cancer analysis.","authors":"Zicheng Zhen,&nbsp;Minghao Li,&nbsp;Muyan Zhong,&nbsp;Jiaqi Liu,&nbsp;Wendu Huang,&nbsp;Liqun Ye","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>TMEM204 (Transmembrane Protein 204) is a member of the TMEM family that regulates cell function and angiogenesis. Previous studies showed that TMEM204 is related to pancreatic cancer, but its roles in other cancers remain unknown. To reveal this relationship, we conducted a pan-cancer analysis by several online databases. The expression of TMEM204 was analyzed by Oncomine and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource2.0 (TIMER2.0). The prognostic potential of TMEM204 was evaluated by the GEPIA2, UALCAN, and Oncolnc. The methylation level of gene expression was analyzed by UALCAN, and the relationship between cancer and immune invasion was displayed by TIMER2.0. The Protein-Protein Interactions Network and functional analysis of TMEM204 and its related genes were conducted by STRING and Webgestalt. We found that TMEM204 expression was up-regulated and correlated with prognosis in multiple cancers. In liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), high TMEM204 expression was associated with a good prognosis, and with high infiltrating levels of CD8⁺ T and CD4⁺ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and myeloid dendritic cells. In addition, the methylation level in LIHC was higher than in normal tissues. p53 signaling pathway and Fanconi anemia pathway were implicated by KEGG pathway analysis. These results indicate that TMEM204 is associated with the prognosis, methylation, and immune invasion of cancers, especially LIHC. TMEM204 may act as a prognostic marker of LIHC and its role in other cancers should be studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9360586/pdf/ijcep0015-0258.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40685506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of sex hormone receptors in squamous changes of the urothelium.","authors":"Julia B Seitz, Josef Högel, Markus Eckstein, Verena Lieb, Bernd Wullich, Arndt Hartmann, Ralf J Rieker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Squamous cell transformation of the urinary bladder urothelium has various causes, symptoms, and few treatment options. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the expression of sex hormone receptors in non-keratinized and keratinized squamous metaplasia (NKSM, KSM), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and healthy urothelium with regard to possible therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Biopsies from 26 patients with urothelial NKSM, KSM, and SCC were analyzed retrospectively. Tissue microarrays (TMA) of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) bladder biopsies were stained with hematoxylin and eosin followed by immunohistochemical analysis with specific antibodies against estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors (ER, PR, AR) and assessment using the immunoreactive score. Statistical evaluations included the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test in the form of permutation tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 15 women and 11 men included in this explorative study, 17 had metaplasia: 15 (six men, nine women) had NKSM and two KSM (both men). A total of nine patients (three men, six women) had keratinized SCC or urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. The comparison between normal urothelial cells and metaplasia showed a significantly stronger expression in the metaplastic tissue (P=0.0374). The invasive carcinoma showed significantly less PR than the extracellular matrix of the healthy urothelium (P=0.0026). Expression of AR was nearly absent in healthy and metaplastic urothelium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There appears to be an association between squamous metaplasia of the bladder mucosa and sex steroid hormone receptor expression, especially estrogen receptors. Topical hormone therapy should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9360584/pdf/ijcep0015-0272.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40685507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient atypical lymphoplasmacytic proliferation of the endometrium associated with pyometra: a case report.","authors":"Tomoyuki Otani,&nbsp;Kosuke Murakami,&nbsp;Masatomo Kimura,&nbsp;Mitsuru Matsuki,&nbsp;Takao Satou,&nbsp;Noriomi Matsumura,&nbsp;Akihiko Ito","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasmablastic lymphoma is a mature B-cell neoplasm with plasmablastic differentiation, often associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and other forms of immunosuppression. Although it is usually an aggressive disease, spontaneous regression has been seen in a few cases. Plasmablastic lymphoma of the uterus is rare. We report a case of atypical lymphoplasmacytic proliferation resembling plasmablastic lymphoma associated with pyometra that disappeared completely as the pyometra resolved. A 76-year-old HIV-negative woman presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound and MRI findings were consistent with pyometra diagnosis. Endometrial biopsy revealed large plasmablastoid cells with abundant cytoplasm and prominent nucleoli proliferating in the endometrium. Immunohistochemistry showed that large cells stained positive for CD138, CD79a, and MUM1, and negative for CD20, PAX5, CD3, and CD5. Ki67 labelled at least 80% of the large cells. Epstein-Barr virus was detected in a small number of cells. The histologic picture was highly indicative of lymphoma, especially plasmablastic lymphoma, though the clinical context was unusual. As the pyometra was treated and resolved, the intrauterine abnormality disappeared completely. The patient has been well after 16 months with no sign of recurrent disease. This case underscores the sometimes blurry distinction between benign inflammation and lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13943,"journal":{"name":"International journal of clinical and experimental pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9360585/pdf/ijcep0015-0296.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40685508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}