International Journal of Clinical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of fruquintinib in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a FRESCO-2 subgroup analysis of patients enrolled in Japan.","authors":"Daisuke Kotani, Takayuki Yoshino, Toshiki Masuishi, Yu Sunakawa, Atsuo Takashima, Kentaro Yamazaki, Hisato Kawakami, Tomohiro Nishina, Yoshito Komatsu, Taito Esaki, Cathy Eng, Stacey Ukrainskyj, Rajash Pallai, Shivani Nanda, Zhao Yang, William Schelman, Marek Kania, Taroh Satoh","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02852-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02852-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the phase 3 FRESCO-2 study, fruquintinib plus best supportive care (BSC) significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus placebo plus BSC in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We present the results of a FRESCO-2 post hoc subgroup analysis evaluating outcomes of patients enrolled in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In FRESCO-2, patients had previously received all standard chemotherapies, anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR therapies if indicated, and had progressed on, or were intolerant to trifluridine-tipiracil and/or regorafenib. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive fruquintinib 5 mg or matching placebo by mouth once daily on days 1-21 in 28-day cycles, plus BSC. The primary endpoint was OS; secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 56 patients enrolled in Japan, 40 (71.4%) and 16 (28.6%) were randomized to fruquintinib and placebo, respectively. OS was improved with fruquintinib versus placebo (median 6.9 vs. 5.6 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19 - 0.92). PFS was also improved with fruquintinib versus placebo (median 3.6 vs. 1.8 months; HR, 0.27; 95% CI 0.13 - 0.56). The incidence of grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with fruquintinib versus placebo was 71.8% versus 29.4%; the most common grade ≥ 3 TEAEs with fruquintinib were hypertension (23.1%) and palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (17.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fruquintinib improved OS and PFS versus placebo in FRESCO-2 patients enrolled in Japan and demonstrated a manageable safety profile. Results from the Japan subgroup were consistent with the global FRESCO-2 population, thus supporting fruquintinib as a novel treatment option for patients in Japan with refractory mCRC.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial details: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04322539.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2043-2052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinogenic form and characteristics of BRCA pathogenic variant breast cancer.","authors":"Takaaki Fujii","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02853-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02853-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome is caused by germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which play critical roles in DNA double-strand break repair. Pathogenic variants (PVs) in these genes lead to homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), genomic instability, and increased cancer risk. BRCA1-associated breast cancers are predominantly triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with aggressive behavior, and BRCA2-mutated cases are mostly hormone receptor-positive and share similarities with sporadic luminal tumors. Genetic testing for BRCA PVs is crucial for identifying at-risk individuals and enabling risk-reducing interventions and personalized treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss the carcinogenic form and characteristics of BRCA PV-carrier breast cancer, focusing on BRCA-associated hereditary breast cancer and addressing its clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms. Personalized treatment approaches that integrate patients' BRCA status with their tumor biology are essential for optimizing patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1885-1889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study on the first-in-human trials of anticancer drugs in Japan and the United States and the probability of approval.","authors":"Akari Mukaida, Hideki Maeda","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02849-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02849-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to examine the characteristics of First-in-human (FIH) trials conducted in Japan and the US and whether the probability of approval for pharmaceuticals that had undergone FIH trials differs in the two countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FIH trials of anticancer drugs initiated between 2007 and 2017 were investigated in this study. The trials were searched using ClinicalTrials.gov.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 22 FIH trials conducted in Japan and 261 in the US. Of these, six drugs (27.2%) were approved in Japan and 27 (10.3%) were approved in the US, indicating that the probability of approval was significantly higher for FIH trials conducted in Japan than in the US. Comparison of the characteristics of FIH trials between Japan and the US, showed that 81.8% of the FIH trials conducted in Japan were sponsored by the top 20 pharmaceutical companies, whereas 55.6% in the US were sponsored by non-top 20 companies (P = 0.003, Chi-square test). The number of patients was higher in Japan than in the US (P = 0.044). Further, all of the trials conducted in Japan were multiregional clinical trials in collaboration with other countries such as Europe and the US, whereas 49.0% of the trials in the US were conducted in the US alone (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We inferred that the FIH trials conducted in Japan are multiregional clinical trials by major pharmaceutical companies with Europe and the US, and are conducted with drugs that are expected to have a high probability of successful approval.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1946-1952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in real-world outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell cancer in the recent treatment era: a single-institution analysis.","authors":"Yasutomo Nakai, Shunki Nakagawa, Yutaka Kurahashi, Shu Okamoto, Yuichiro Nakamura, Yujiro Hayashi, Norihiko Kawamura, Akira Nagahara, Kazuo Nishimura, Masashi Nakayama","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02829-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02829-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic therapy for metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) has changed significantly due to randomized controlled trial results. We investigated whether these changes affect real-world outcomes and clarified factors associated with treatment outcomes in patients from a single institution outside of clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed records of mRCC patients treated at Osaka International Cancer Institute between January 2005 and May 2024. Between-group analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by Kaplan-Meier comparison and identification of survival-associated factors by univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Patients assumed ineligible for clinical trials were analyzed in subgroups according to any of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status > 1, hemoglobin level < 9.0 g/dL, estimated glomerular filtration rate < 40 mL/min/1.73 m², platelet count < 100,000/μL, neutrophil count < 1500/μL, non-clear cell histology, or brain metastasis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 320 patients were evaluated: 2005-2009, n = 58; 2010-2014, n = 77; 2015‒2019, n = 86; and 2020‒2024, n = 99. Significant between-group differences were observed for median PFS (7 vs. 8 vs. 12 vs. 20 months; p = 0.0048) and (35 vs. 38 vs. 67 vs. 52 months; p = 0.0206). Multivariate analysis revealed that first-line or subsequent-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use was an independent factor for OS (HR: 0.28, p < 0.0001). Even among 112 (35%) trial-ineligible patients, multivariate analysis demonstrated that the use of first-line or subsequent-line ICI was an independent factor for OS (HR: 0.26, p < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over time, treatment outcomes appeared to have improved with real-world treatment for mRCC, with use of ICIs being related to improvements in treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2095-2105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for second primary cancers in patients with curatively resected gastric cancer.","authors":"Kiyoshi Wakao, Hideo Miyake, Hidemasa Nagai, Yuichiro Yoshioka, Junichi Takamizawa, Mayuko Ueda, Norihiro Yuasa","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02848-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02848-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite improving long-term outcomes after gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC), screening methods for second primary cancer (SPC) following resection remain challenging. This study aimed to investigate the cumulative incidence and risk factors for SPC in patients with curative resection for GC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 1128 patients who underwent R0 resection for Stage I/II/III GC. Incidence of duplicate cancers before and after gastrectomy was investigated. The cumulative incidence of SPC following gastrectomy was calculated, and the relationship between SPC occurrence and clinicopathological factors was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median postoperative follow-up of 64 months, the most common SPCs were lung, prostate, and colorectal cancers. Additionally, lung and pancreatic cancers occurred significantly more frequently after gastrectomy than before. The cumulative incidence of SPCs was 7% at 5 years,  18% at 10 years, and 29% at 15 years. Multivariate analysis identified male sex, postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels ≥ 5.0 ng/mL, and albumin levels ≤ 3.8 g/dL at one month after gastrectomy as significant factors associated with SPC development.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC), enhanced surveillance for SPCs can be tailored based on three factors: male sex, postoperative CEA levels ≥ 5.0 ng/mL, and albumin levels ≤ 3.8 g/dL.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2012-2021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and biological impact of SNAT7 in lung adenocarcinoma: implications for prognosis and treatment.","authors":"Asato Hashinokuchi, Naoki Haratake, Yuya Ono, Takumi Tomonaga, Giacomo Bassi, Kyoto Matsudo, Fumihiko Kinoshita, Taichi Matsubara, Mikihiro Kohno, Tomoyoshi Takenaka, Yoshinao Oda, Tomoharu Yoshizumi","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02851-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02851-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation and modulates the tumour microenvironment. High expression of glutamine transporters is associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. SNAT7, encoded by SLC38A7, facilitates glutamine transport from lysosomes. However, its function and clinical significance in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed with samples from 373 patients with completely resected lung adenocarcinoma, and the association between SNAT7 expression, clinicopathological features, and prognosis was examined. In addition, the biological findings were investigated in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on IHC analysis, we classified patients into high (n = 226, 60.6%) and low SNAT7 expression (n = 147, 39.4%) groups. High SNAT7 expression was substantially associated with male sex, smoking status, high maximum standardised uptake value, advanced pathological stage, and pleural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion, compared to low SNAT7 expression. Patients with high SNAT7 expression demonstrated substantially worse recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival rates. Multivariable analysis revealed that high SNAT7 expression was an independent prognostic factor for RFS. In addition, SLC38A7 knockdown induced a decrease in proliferation with G1 arrest in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that SNAT7 plays a pivotal role in promoting tumour malignancy and is significantly associated with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest that SNAT7 is a potential therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1972-1981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for participants in Japan with gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: subgroup analysis of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-859 study.","authors":"Hisateru Yasui, Masaki Aizawa, Kensei Yamaguchi, Akihito Kawazoe, Hiroki Hara, Masahiro Tsuda, Hirokazu Shoji, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Nobuhiro Shibata, Kenji Amagai, Yasuhiro Choda, Shiro Iwagami, Taito Esaki, Shigenori Kadowaki, Shinichi Shiratori, Shirong Han, Sonal Bordia, Kohei Shitara","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02847-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02847-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the global phase 3 KEYNOTE-859 study (NCT03675737), first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy significantly improved overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) versus placebo plus chemotherapy in participants with advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. This post hoc analysis of KEYNOTE-859 evaluated outcomes in participants enrolled in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants with untreated locally advanced unresectable or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned to receive pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo intravenously every 3 weeks for ≤ 35 cycles plus investigator's choice of chemotherapy. The primary end point was OS. Secondary end points were ORR, DOR, and PFS per RECIST v1.1, by blinded independent central review, and safety. Data cutoff was October 3, 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 101 participants were enrolled in Japan (n = 48 pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy [pembrolizumab group]; n = 53 placebo plus chemotherapy [placebo group]). Median follow-up was 28.9 months (range, 22.0-42.0). Median OS was 16.8 months with pembrolizumab versus 13.3 months with placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71; 95% CI, 0.44-1.13). Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 41.7% of participants given pembrolizumab and 39.6% of participants given placebo; none were grade 5.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Consistent with the global KEYNOTE-859 results, OS was better with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, with manageable safety, for participants enrolled in Japan. Results continue to support pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as a new first-line treatment option for patients with advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03675737.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2003-2011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical utility and characteristics of comprehensive genomic profiling tests in patients with gynecologic cancer: a multi-institutional survey in Kinki District, Japan.","authors":"Shinichi Terada, Tomohito Tanaka, Yoji Hisamatsu, Masato Kita, Mana Taki, Koji Yamanoi, Hiroyuki Fujita, Seiko Kato, Hisashi Kataoka, Taisuke Mori, Hidekatsu Nakai, Noriomi Matsumura, Hiroki Nishimura, Tsukuru Amano, Naohisa Masuko, Yoshito Terai, Madoka Suruga, Makoto Murakami, Mariya Kobayashi, Satoshi Nakagawa, Hisanori Matsumoto, Yusuke Fujikami, Michihide Maeda, Shoji Kamiura, Kyohei Nishikawa, Yosuke Fukui, Tomoko Ueda, Hiroshi Tsubamoto, Sayaka Ueno, Takashi Shibutani, Ayame Teramoto, Yasushi Mabuchi, Kazuhiko Ino, Takahito Motoyama, Takuya Aoki, Ryo Nakazawa, Fuminori Ito, Nao Terayama, Masanori Kanemura, Azusa Sakurai, Yumi Takao, Masahide Ohmichi","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02835-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02835-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) has been used to identify mutations in several hundred cancer-related genes. Patients may receive treatment that targets specific genetic mutations revealed by CGP. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of CGP in gynecologic malignancies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Hospital records including CGP and clinical information were reviewed from 20 institutions in the Kinki District of Japan for patients with gynecological malignancies who underwent CGP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 724 patients were included, of whom 162 had cervical cancer, 157 had endometrial cancer, 327 had ovarian cancer, 29 had other cancers, and 49 had sarcomas. Actionable gene alterations were identified in 370 (51.1%). The most commonly altered genes were PIK3CA (14.4%), high loss of heterozygosity (12.4%), and high tumor mutation burden (10.9%). Matched therapy, based on actionable gene alterations, was administered to 73 patients (10.1%). Of these, 23 patients received matched therapy for a high tumor mutation burden, 10 for high microsatellite instability and BRCA1/2, six for ERBB2, and five for PIK3CA. Twenty-five patients died before receiving their CGP results. The objective response and disease control rates were 23.6% and 41.8%, respectively. Of the 122 patients to whom genetic counseling was recommended, 68 accepted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CGP testing for gynecological malignancies in Japan may improve therapeutic efficacy. However, several issues remain to be addressed, including the low matched therapy rate and death prior to availability of CGP test results.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2128-2137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of prior COVID-19 infection on perioperative outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer patients: a prospective observational cohort study.","authors":"Hanbo Pan, Fan Shen, Ningyuan Zou, Yu Tian, Jiaqi Zhang, Yixing Tao, Hongda Zhu, Jia Huang, Qingquan Luo","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02836-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02836-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 infection may induce persistent pulmonary sequelae, potentially elevating perioperative risks in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. This study aims to evaluate the impact of prior COVID-19 infection on perioperative outcomes in NSCLC patients undergoing lung resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational cohort study enrolled NSCLC patients undergoing surgery at Shanghai Chest Hospital (May 2024-January 2025). Patients were stratified into COVID-19-exposed (PCOV) and non-exposed (NCOV) cohorts. The primary endpoint: 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs); secondary endpoints: surgical duration and postoperative hospital stay. Propensity-score matching (PSM; 1:1 ratio) was performed to address confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2285 enrolled patients (NCOV: 913; PCOV: 1372), PSM yielded 762 matched pairs with balanced baseline characteristics. The PCOV group exhibited significantly higher 30-day PPC rates (Unmatched: 18.0% vs. 10.4%, P < 0.001; Matched: 17.3% vs. 10.8%, P < 0.001), prolonged surgical durations (Unmatched: 108.6[86.0-128.2] vs. 123.6[93.7-139.0], P < 0.001; Matched: 111.8[87.4-129.1] vs. 121.1[92.8-138.2], P < 0.001; mins, median[interquartile range(IQR)]) and extended postoperative hospital stays (Unmatched: 4[4-5] vs. 5[4-6], P < 0.001; Matched: 4[4-5] vs. 5[4-6], P < 0.001; days, median[IQR]) compared to the NCOV group. Other perioperative outcomes were comparable between the groups. Stratified analyses demonstrated elevated 30-day PPC risk in all predefined PCOV subgroups except patients aged ≤ 65 years (Unmatched: 1.312[0.919-1.873], P = 0.135; Matched: 1.302[0.846-2.004], P = 0.230; odds ratio [95% confidence interval]). Further analysis for patients aged ≤ 65 years showed that the PCOV group exhibited no significant differences in perioperative outcomes compared to the NCOV group, except for surgical duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prior COVID-19 infection is associated with increased PPCs, longer operative times, and delayed discharge in NSCLC patients. However, perioperative outcomes remained comparable in patients ≤ 65 years, suggesting age-dependent resilience to COVID-19-related surgical risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1953-1962"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of body mass index on the efficacy of immune combination therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a multicenter study in Japan.","authors":"Toshiki Anami, Takanobu Motoshima, Yuto Matsushita, Takahiro Kojima, Shimpei Yamashita, Hisanori Taniguchi, Keisuke Monji, Ryo Ishiyama, Yoshihide Kawasaki, Takuma Kato, Shuichi Tatarano, Kimihiko Masui, Eijiro Nakamura, Tomoyuki Kaneko, Makito Miyake, Hiroshi Kitamura, Hideaki Miyake, Tomomi Kamba","doi":"10.1007/s10147-025-02823-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10147-025-02823-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a major urologic malignancy worldwide, with obesity recognized as a known risk factor. Interestingly, a higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with improved outcomes in immunotherapy, a phenomenon termed the \"obesity paradox.\" This study investigates the influence of BMI on the effectiveness of immune combination therapies in Japanese patients with metastatic RCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 243 Japanese patients with metastatic RCC who received immune combination therapies between 2018 and 2022. Patients were stratified into two groups: non-overweight/obesity (BMI < 25 kg/m²) and overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²). Survival outcomes, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), were compared between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in PFS between the groups. However, the overweight/obesity group showed a trend toward longer OS, particularly in patients receiving IO-IO regimens (P = 0.011). In contrast, although no statistically significant difference was observed in the IO-TKI regimen, there was a trend toward prolonged OS in the non-overweight/obesity group. No significant differences in immune-related adverse events were observed between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher BMI may be associated with better outcomes in immune combination therapy, especially with IO-IO regimens. These findings suggest that BMI could be a useful factor in optimizing RCC treatment. Further research with larger cohorts is needed to confirm these results and understand the mechanisms behind the \"obesity paradox.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":13869,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"2079-2086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}