Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and performance of W-ZSM-5 and loaded Cu/ZsM-5 catalysts","authors":"D. Anggoro, N. Amin","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The metal oxides with sufficiently high dehydrogenation and low olefin oxidation activities reduces the acidity of ZSM-5. As a result, the metal containing ZSM-5 can produce higher hydrocarbons in methane oxidation. Many researchers studied the applicability of HZSM-5 and modify ZSM-5 to methane conversion to liquid hydrocarbons but result of their research still lead to low conversion and selectivity. The modified HZS-5 by loading with Tungsten (W) enhanced its heat resistant performance, and the high reaction temperature (800ºC) did not lead to the loss of W component by sublimation. The loading of HZSM-5 with Tungsten and Cooper (Cu) resulted in an increment in the methane conversion, CO2 and C5+ selectivities. In contrast, CO, C2-3, and H2O selectivities were reduced. The process to convert methane to liquid hydrocarbons (C5+) was dependent on the metal surface area and the acidity of zeolite. The high methane conversion and C5+ selectivity, and low H2O selectivity are obtained by using W/3.0Cu/HZSM-5.  Keywords : Characterization W-ZSM-5, Modified HZSM-5, Tungsten, Copper, Methane  Abstrak  Logam oksida dengan kemampuan dehidrogenasi yang tinggi dan aktifasi oksidasi olefin berkurang dengan sifat keasaman dari ZSM-5. Sebagai hasilnya, ZSM-5 yang mengandung logam dapat memproduksi hidrokarbon rantai panjang dari oksidasi gas metana. Telah banyak para peneliti mempelajari kemampuan HZSM-5 dan ZSM-5 yang telah dimodifikasi untuk mengubah gas metana menjadi hidrokarbon cair tetapi hasil konversi dan selektivitasnya masih rendah. Modifikasi HZSM- 5 dengan penambahan logam Tungsten (W) meningkatkan daya tahan panas dan pada reaksi suhu tinggi (800ºC) tidak menyebabkan hilangnya logam W dikarenakan proses sublimasi. Penambahan logam Tungsten dan Copper (Cu) menyebabkan meningkatnya konversi metana, selektifitas CO2 dan C5+ Sebaliknya, selektifitas CO,C2-3, dan H2O menurun. Proses konversi metana menjadi hidrokarbon cair ditentukan oleh luas permukaan logam dan sifat keasaman dari zeolite.  Penggunaan katalis W/3.0Cu/HZSM-5 menghasilkan konversi metana dan selektifitas C5+ tinggi dan selektifitas H2O rendah.  Kata kunci : Karakterisasi W-ZSM-5, Modifikasi HZSM-5, Tungsten, Copper, Metana","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122906079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporation of pora network connerctivity on the prediction of binary liquid phase adsorption of flavour esters in activated carbon","authors":"S. Ismadji","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The structural heterogeneity of activated carbon is a result of the existence of micropores, mesopores, and macropores of different sizes and shapes, randomly connected in a pore network. In a pore network, some of the pores that are large enough to accommodate the probe molecules may be accessible through smaller pores that only permit the passage of probe molecules having a smaller size. In the adsorption process, especially involving large and complex probe molecules, the pore network connectivity is very important, and governs the transport and reaction properties of the pores. A method for incorporation of the pore network connectivity along with lAST (Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory Method) on the prediction of binary component adsorption isotherm is proposed in this article. IAST is used in conjunction with the modified DR (Dubinin-Radushkevich) single component isotherm, and is found that the incorporation of the connectivity can improve the accuracy of model inpredicts the multicomponent adsorption performance.Keywords: Adsorption,  IAST, Pore Network ConnectivityAbstrak Pore network connectivity memegang peranan yang penting dalam proses adsorpsi yang melibatkan senyawa senyawa kompleks. Pada makalah ini diusulkan suatu metode yang menggabungkan Pore network connectivity dan persamaan IAST untuk prediksi isotherm adsorpsi senyawa biner. Untuk mendapatkan isotherm adsorpsi dilakukan percobaan dengan menggunakan ethyl propionate dan ethyl butyrate sebagai adsorbate dan sebagai adsorbent digunakan karbon aktif Filtrasorb F-400 dan Norit ROW 0.8. Untuk menggambarkan isotherm adsorpsi dari hasil percobaan digunakan persamaan The Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory dengan modifikasi persamaan isotherm adsorpsi dari Dubinin-Radushkevich dan Pore network connectivity. Dari hasil yang dipero/eh dapat disimpulkan bahwa persamaan yang melibatkan pengaruh pore network connectivity dapat meningkatkan unjuk kerja dari persamaan isotherm multi komponen untuk prediksi data data percobaan adsorpsi biner.Kata Kunci: Adsorpsi, IAST, Pore Network Connectivity","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123025527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PILARISASI BENTONIT DENGAN MODIFIKASI PENAMBAHAN ASAM SULFAT SEBAGAI KATALIS ASAM PADAT DALAM ESTERIFIKASI","authors":"Hery Haerudin, D. Kusuma, Ermawan Ermawan, Isna Komalasari","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.1","url":null,"abstract":" Preparations of pillared bentonites have been carried out using refined bentonite from Trenggalek, East Java, Indonesia as raw materials. Modification cations of pillarization method has been accomplished by the introduction of treatment in acid solution at various stages of pillarization procedure, specifically (i) prior to ion-exchange, (ii) subsequent to ion-exchange, (iii) subsequent to drying of ion-exchanged bentonite and (iv) subsequent to calcination of ion-exchanged bentonite. The resulted modified clays were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectrometry, N2-adsorption, TG/DT Analysis and SEM. Shifts of pore distributions to the Larger pore size by the introduction of acid treatment on the pillarization procedure were observed, which are also accompanied by appropriate increase in specific surface area. Treatment in acidic solution may have resulted in removal of exchangeable cations, which lightened AL-polycation intercalation during the pillarization. The modified clays were tested in an esterification reaction model using stearic acid and ethanol as reaction partners. Activity tests showed that enhancement in physco-chemical characteristics such as specific surface area, pore size and pore distribution, was not generally followed by the increase of the activity. Key Words: Bentonite, Pillarization, Acid Treatment, Solid Acid, Esterification, Activity. ","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125459637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintesis biodisel dengan teknik ozonasi : ozonolisis etil-ester minyak sawit sebagai suatu bahan bakar mesin diesel alternatif","authors":"Setijo Bismo","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional biodiesel synthesis through transesterification reaction pathway of the palm oil or other vegetable oils has been regarded yet as a steep process,  mainly to be implemented as fuel for  various diesel engines in Indonesia. The methanol consumption for  such process  is still  costly  as well, especially 2-3 times of free fatty acid (FFA) molar amount, which is dangerous as methanol being classified as hazardous chemicals, while the yield of palm oil methyl ester (POME) is just  70%­ volume roughly. The ozonide biodiesel synthesis is considered as a better alternative, which is quasi­-parallel ozonolysis reaction application in the conventional transesterification schema using ethanol to produce  ozonide biodiesel or ozonide methyl-ester.  The ozone gas being applied to the process is produced in situ by an ozone generator apparatus, using fresh and purified air as oxygen source, with about 5,5 g/h ozone production at 400-800 L/h air or feed flowrate. The ozonide biodiesel is favorable to ethanol (96 %-v) being used as reactant and or protic solvent than methanol, even using catalyst (zeolite/GAC) or not, at 55-72ºC and atmospheric condition. The ethanol utilization may be saved until 31,15-39,85 %-mol of conventional biodiesel process. The results obtained from the investigations give some interesting characteristics comparing to diesel fuel in Indonesia, especially better values of cetane index, BHP and torque.Keywords: Palm Oil, Biodiesel, Methyl Ester, Ethyl Ester, Ozonide, Ozonolysis AbstrakReaksi transesterifikasi yang diterapkan untuk sintesis biodiesel dari minyak sawit ataupun minyak­ minyak nabati lainnya dianggap belum memberikan perolehan yang ekonomis untuk pengadaan bahan bakar untuk mesin-mesin diesel di Indonesia. Penggunaan metanol sebesar 2-3 kali jumlah molar asam-asam lemak bebasnya (ALB) adalah tidak ekonomis sekaligus berbahaya mengingat sifatnya sebagai  bahan kimia beracun dan berbahaya (B3), sedangkan perolehan metil ester dari minyak saw it atau Palm Oil Methyl Ester (POME) hanya sekitar 70 %-v. Sintesis biodiesel ozonida dianggap sebagai alternatif yang lebih baik, yaitu aplikasi reaksi ozonolisis secara kuasi paralel dalam reaksi transesterifikasi tersebut menggunakan etanol, sehingga dihasilkan biodiesel atau etil­ester ozonida. Ozon yang digunakan merupakan produk in situ dari ozonator dengan bahan baku udara, pada laju produksi ozon sekitar 5,5 gram/jam dengan alir udara umpan 400-800 L/jam. Sintesis biodiesel ozonida ini lebih menyukai etanol (96%-v) sebagai pelarut protik dibandingkan dengan metanol, baik menggunakan katalis (zeolit/GAC) maupun tanpa katalis, pada suhu 55-72ºC dan tekanan atmosferik. Penggunaan etanol dapat dihemat sampai sekitar 31,15-39,85 %-mol dari jumlah yang diperlukan untuk sintesis biodiesel konvensional. Dari hasil uji kinerja produk biodiesel ozonidanya, didapatkan informasi tentang indeks setana, daya, dan torsi yang lebih baik dari minyak solar di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Miny","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114179963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetika biosorpsi ion logam berat Cr(VI) menggunakan biomassa Saccharommyces cerevisiae","authors":"S. Soeprijanto, A. Elsony, E. Sulistyowati","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Biosorption using biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was expected to provide an alternative in the treatment of heavy metal from industrial effluents. The purpose of this experiment was to adsorb a heavy metal Cr(VI) in solutions using biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a batch process. Also, to study of a biosorption equilibrium and a biosorption kinetic. This system was introduced with the biomass at concentration of 4g/L and was mixed with a solution at concentration of 100 mg Cr(VI)/l. Biosorption processes conducted were treatment and non-treatment with addition of NaOH solution. The results showed that at pH 4 a maximum biosorption capacity obtained was 19.47 mg/g with the treatment, and with the non-treatment was 18.64 mg/. However at pH 6 a maximum biosorption capacity obtained was 18,87 mg/g with the treatment, and with the non-treatment was 7.87 mg/g. Biosorption kinetic of ion Cr(VI) followed first order reaction with a coefficient correlation of 0.98. lt concluded that biosorption capacity was influenced by the pH media and treatment of the biomass of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Keywords: Biosorption Capacity, Biosorption Kinetic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae AbstrakBiosorpsi menggunakan biomassa Saccharomyces cerevisiae diharapkan dapat  memberikan alternatif dalam pengolahan limbah industri yang mengandung logam-logam berat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar logam berat Cr(VI) dengan proses biosorpsi secara batch menggunakan biomassa Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Juga, mencari data keseimbangan dan kinetika biosorpsi. Biomassa dihasilkan dari laboratorium dengan menumbuhkan Saccharomyces cerevisiae pada media cair yang terdiri atas yeast ekstrak, pepton dan dektrosa. Proses biosorpsi dilakukan dengan menggunakan biomassa yang diberi perlakuan dan tanpa perlakuan. Pada proses perlakuan biomassa ditambahkan dengan larutan NaOH. Dalam proses batch, biomassa sebanyak 4 g/L dicampur dengan larutan logam berat Cr(VI) sebesar 100 mg/L dengan pH media 4 dan 6. Hasil experimen menunjukkan bahwa pada pH 4 kapasitas biosorpsi maksimum dicapai sebesar 19,47 mg/g dengan perlakuan, dan dengan tanpa perlakuan dapat dicapai sebesar 18,64 mg/g. Pada pH 6 kapasitas biosorpsi maksimum dicapai sebesar 18,87 mg/g dengan perlakuan, dan dengan tanpa perlakuan dapat dicapai sebesar  17,87 mg/g. Kinetika biosorpsi pada ion logam Cr(VI) mengikuti persamaan reaksi orde pertama dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sekitar 0,98. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses biosorpsi dipengaruhi oleh pH media dan perlakuan terhadap biomassa Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Kata Kunci: Kapasitas Biosorpsi, Kinetika Biosorpsi, Saccharomyces cerevisiae","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123313280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic study of the utilisation of different substrates to lactic acid using Lactobacillus delbrueckii","authors":"A. Abdullah, Hanapi Mat, W. Widayat","doi":"10.14710/METANA.V6I01.1830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14710/METANA.V6I01.1830","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractLactic acid fermentation includes several reactions in association with the microorganism growth. A kinetic study was performed of the utilisation of multiple substrates to lactic acid using Lactobacillus  delbrueckii. Batch fermentation was performed to study effect of different substrates such as glucose, fructose and sucrose. The objective of this research is to study kinetics grow microbial. An anaerobic fermentation were studied in 3 litres stirred fermentor (Biostat B Model) with working volume of 1 liter: temperature = 40ºC, pH=6.0, inoculums size= 5%, sugar concentration= 20 g/L. During the first hours of fermentation, glucose and fructose accumulated in the medium and the rate of hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose was faster than conversion of these substrate. The maximum concentration of glucose and fructose was 5.82 and 5.14 g/L respectively. The sucrose, glucose, and fructose consumption completely utilized at 56, 68, and 104 hours, respectively. Kinetic parameter for maximum specific growth rate in glucose, fructose and sucrose is 0.083, 0.024, and 0.024 (h-1), respectively. The saturation constant is 4.64, 3.41, and 1.36 g/L.Keywords: Kinetic Study, Sugars, Lactic Acid, Maximum Specific Growth Rate, Saturation Constant AbstrakFermentasi asam laktat melibatkan banyak reaksi dalam pertumbuhan mikroorganisme. Studi kinetika reaksi tentang kinerja penggunaan berbagai subtrat untuk memproduksi asam laktat dengan Lactobacillus delbrueckii.Subtrat yang digunakan adalah glukosa, fruktosa, dan sukrosa, dengan proses fermentasi curah. Penelitian ini bertujuan memepelajari kinetika pertumbuhan mikroba. Fermentasi anaerobik dilakukan dalam fermentor 3 liter (Biostat B Model) dengan volume total 1 liter, temperatur = 40ºC, pH= 6.0, konsentrasi inokulum = 5%, konsentrasi gula = 20 g/L. Selama satu jam pertama fermentasi, glukosa dan fruktosa diakumulasi dalam medium dan laju reaksi hidrolisis sukrosa menjadi glukosa dan fruktosa sangat cepat dibandingkan dengan konversi substrat ini. Konsentrasi glukosa dan fruktosa adalah 5.82 dan 5.14 g/L. Waktu yang dibutuhkan sukrosa, glukosa dan fruktosa masing-masing adalah 56, 68, dan 104 jam. Parameter kinetika untuk laju pertumbuhan spesifik maksimum dalam medium glukosa, fruktosa, dan sukrosa masing-masing adalah 0.083, 0.024, dan 0.024 (h-1). Konstanta saturasi adalah 4.64, 3.41, dan 1.36.Kata Kunci:  Kinetika Reaksi, Gula, Asam Laktat, Laju Pertumbuhan Spesifik Maksimum, Konstanta Saturasi","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123338036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh penambahan propana dalam bahan bakar terhadap karakteristik sel tunam oksida padat","authors":"Isdiriayani Nurdin, Astri Damayanti, M. Lede, P. Widiatmoko","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2005.4.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractFuel cell is a renewable energy source that does not create any negative effect to the environment. One of the advantage of the Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) is its tolerance to fuel contaminants. This research is aimed to study the effect of propane addition into fuel gas on SOFC'S characters. SOFC tested during this research consists of main components functioned as feed gas distributor, and insulator made of asbestos and C-12 high alumina. SOFC's characters studied in this research including optimum operating conditions, polarization, and expected life time of the cell. The test results show that optimum operating conditions of tested SOFC are 700ºC, 45 mL H/minute and 225 mL air/minute. Cell using 22,2 %-vol propane in the fuel gives a longer lifetime, a smaller maximum current, and a higher voltage efficiency than such using hydrogen only as fuel. Propane concentration in fuel gas up to 22,2 %-vol has not any significant influence to cell voltage. The obtained polarization curve reveals that cell reactions are mass transfer controlled.Keywords: SOFC, Life Time, Polarization, EfficiencyAbstrakSel tunam oksida padat (SOFC) merupakan salah satu sumber energi terbarukan yang tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan toleran terhadap kontaminan dalam bahan bakar. Tujuan percobaan ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh penambahan propana dalam bahan bakar terhadap karakteristik SOFC. Pada penelitian ini SOFC yang diuji terdiri dari komponen utama sel tipe ASC1 buatan lnDEC B.V,dilengkapi dengan cangkang terbuat dari stainless steel tipe AISI 304, yang merangkap sebagai distributor gas umpan, dan isolator dari bahan asbes serta semen tahan api tipe C-12 high alumina. Karakter SOFC yang dipelajari pada penelitian ini meliputi kondisi operasi optimum, polarisasi, dan umur set. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa operasi SOFC optimal pada temperatur 700ºC dengan laju alir H2, 45 mL/menit dan udara 225 mL/menit. Konsentrasi propana dalam bahan bakar 22,2 %- v memberikan umur sel yang lebih panjang, arus maksimum yang lebih kecil, dan efisiensi tegangan yang lebih besar daripada dengan bahan bakar gas hidrogen saja. Konsentrasi propana dalam gas bahan bakar sampai dengan 22,2 %-v tidak mempengaruhi tegangan sel. Kurva polarisasi yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa reaksi sel terkendali olehperpindahan  massa.Kata Kunci : SOFC, Umur, Polarisasi, Efisiensi","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133896450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulasi pengolahan limbah cair berwarna dengan foto fenton pada sistem kontinyu","authors":"Hwa Lie, Lieke Riadi","doi":"10.5614/JTKI.2012.11.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/JTKI.2012.11.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation of Colored Waste Water Treatment Using Photo Fenton in Continuous System Waste water from coffee processing was treated by the Photo Fenton method. Experiments were carried out in a 2 liter batch reactor equipped with ultraviolet lamp for 4 hours. The synthetic waste water was made by dissolving 300 mg instant coffee in 1 liter water. Reagents used are 700 ppm H2O2 prepared from 30 % H2O2, and 15 ppm FeSO4.7H2O. The experiment was carried out at pH= 3. Prior to treatment, the color of the waste water was brownish yellow. After adding the fenton reagent under UV light exposure, the color of waste water changed to pale yellow, and finally became colorless. Absorbance and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) of the sample were measured periodically. The kinetics of organic carbon degradation followed first order reaction towards the TOC concentration. Based batch experiment data, organic degradation was simulated for a single CSTR and four CSTRs in series. The single CSTR with a residence time of 1100 minutes can reduce the organic content from 108 ppm to 10.8 ppm, whereas for the serial CSTR reactors, the residence time was only 100 minutes in each reactor to get the same reduction percentage. Keywords: photo fenton, colored waste water, continuous, residence timeAbstrakPengolahan limbah cair industri pengolahan kopi dilakukan dengan metode Foto Fenton. Kajian menggunakan limbah sintetis berwarna coklat, mengandung kopi 300 ppm. Percobaan dilakukan dalam sebuah reaktor gelas dua liter yang dilengkapi dengan lampu ultra violet. Reagen yang digunakan adalah hidrogen peroksida dengan konsentrasi 700 ppm yang dibuat dari H2O2 30%, dan besi sulfat 15 ppm. Pengolahan limbah dilakukan pada pH=3. Dengan penambahan reagen fenton dan bantuan lampu ultra violet, warna limbah cair berubah secara perlahan dari coklat menjadi kuning dan akhirnya tidak berwarna. Perubahan absorbansi relatif zat warna, kandungan bahan organik total diukur terhadap waktu. Berdasarkan data percobaan secara batch, kinetika degradasi karbon mengikuti orde satu terhadap konsentrasi bahan organik total. Aplikasi untuk sistem kontinyu dibuat menggunakan model simulasi penurunan kandungan organik dalam sebuah reaktor berpengaduk dan 4 buah reaktor berpengaduk yang dihubungkan secara seri. Dengan laju alir umpan tetap, peningkatan volume reaktor akan memperbesar waktu tinggal reaktan dalam reaktor. Hasil simulasi reaktor tunggal menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu tinggal maka semakin tinggi persentase penurunan bahan organik total. Untuk mendegradasi 90% kandungan organik dalam limbah, sebuah reaktor kontinyu seharusnya dirancang dengan waktu tinggal 1100 menit sedangkan empat buah reaktor dirancang dengan waktu tinggal 100 menit.Kata kunci: foto fenton, limbah cair berwarna, kontinyu, waktu tinggal","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"03 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127254666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Korosi Alumunim dalam larutan asam sitrat","authors":"Andreas Yoppy Aprianto Prasetya, Isdiriayani Nurdin","doi":"10.5614/jtki.2012.11.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2012.11.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion of Allumunium in citric acid sollutionCitric acid is a carboxylic acid that is widely used as an additive in the beverage industry. Aluminum cans are often used as a beverage packaging due to its lightweight, space efficient, and low production costs. Contact between citric acid and the aluminum cans may cause corrosion reactions that lead contamination of beverages by corrosion products. This study aims to test the aluminum resistance against citric acid at the concentration of 1, 2, and 4 %-wt, and temperature of 40 °C, 50 °C, and 60 °C. The specimen used is a 1 cm2 aluminum plate with a purity of 99.07%. The experiment consists of aluminum corrosion rate measurements using the Tafel method and aluminum corrosion mechanism prediction using cyclic-voltammetry method. The research results show that aluminum is corroded into Al3+ by citric acid solution in a one-stage reaction with activation energy of 65.01 kJ/mol. The corrosion products are not stable, it forms amorphous aluminum salts. The aluminum corrosion rate increases with rising citric acid concentration and temperature that can be classified in \"negligible\" to \"medium\" category.Keywords: aluminum, citric acid concentration, corrosion, temperature AbstrakAsam sitrat merupakan asam karboksilat yang banyak digunakan sebagai aditif pada industri minuman. Kaleng aluminium sering dipakai sebagai kemasan minuman karena sifatnya yang ringan, efisien ruang, dan biaya produksinya rendah.  Kontak asam sitrat dengan kemasan berupa kaleng aluminium dapat menyebabkan reaksi korosi yang berujung kontaminasi produk korosi terhadap minuman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ketahanan aluminium terhadap korosivitas asam sitrat pada konsentrasi 1, 2, dan 4 %-b, serta temperatur 40 °C, 50 °C, dan 60 °C. Logam yang digunakan merupakan pelat aluminium dengan kemurnian 99,07% dan luas permukaan 1 cm2. Penelitian mencakup pengukuran laju korosi aluminium dengan metoda Tafel dan prediksi mekanisme korosi aluminium dengan metoda voltametri siklik. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa aluminium terkorosi dalam larutan asam sitrat menjadi Al3+ dengan satu tahap reaksi searah dan energi aktivasi sebesar 65,01 kJ/mol. Produknya bersifat tidak stabil, langsung membentuk garam aluminium amorf. Laju korosi aluminium meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi asam sitrat dan temperatur, termasuk golongan korosi “dapat diabaikan” hingga “sedang”.Kata kunci: aluminium, konsentrasi asam sitrat, korosi, temperatur","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116455953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic study on vapour-liquid equilibrium of toluene and several types of oil as absorbent","authors":"H. Susanto, J. Ahmad, Jenderal Sudirman, Jalan Ganesha","doi":"10.5614/JTKI.2011.10.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5614/JTKI.2011.10.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Thermodynamic study on vapour-liquid equilibrium of toluene and several types of oil as absorbent Gas cleaning system is one of important step in the utilization of biomass via gasification process. The producer gas obtained from the gasification process must be very clean before it is used in an internal combustion engine. In order to gaseous fuel get cleaned with a tar content below 100 mg/Nm3, a gas cleaning system using scrubbing oil is being developed and taking the advantage of a lower vapour pressure of oil than scrubbing water. Study on vapour-liquid equilibrium is being conducted to understand the phenomena taking place in the absorption of tar with oil. In our present study, the producer gas containing tar is represented using air containing toluene. This producer gas model with a toluene or benzene concentration then bubbled with a rate of 27.6 mL/min into a bath of oil at a various temperature. The progress of absorption of tar model in oil measured gas chromatography until saturated condition. Considering that the concentration of toluene in the gas stream is very low, the toluene and oil vapour-liquid equilibrium follows the Henry’s law. Prediction of Henry’s constants is also carried out using UNIFAC-FV model which is known to be suitable for hydrocarbon gases and high-boiling point hydrocarbon solvent. Keywords: tar, oil, Henry’s constant AbstrakSistem pembersihan gas merupakan salah satu langkah penting dalam pemanfaatan biomassa melalui proses gasifikasi. Gas produser yang dihasilkan dari proses gasifikasi harus sangat bersih sebelum digunakan dalam mesin pembakaran internal. Untuk mendapatkan bahan bakar gas yang bersih dengan kandungan tar di bawah 100 mg/Nm3. Sebuah sistem pembersihan gas dengan menggunakan minyak sebagai media penyerap dikembangkan dengan mengambil keuntungan dari tekanan uap minyak lebih rendah air penyerap. Studi kesetimbangan uap-cair yang dilakukan untuk memahami fenomena yang terjadi dalam penyerapan tar dengan minyak. Dalam kami studi ini, gas produser yang mengandung direpresentasikan dengan udara yang mengandung toluena. Model gas produser ini dibuat dengan menggelembungkan konsentrasi benzena atau toluena dengan laju 27,6 mL/menit ke dalam bak minyak pada berbagai suhu. Kemajuan penyerapan model tar dalam minyak diukur dengan cromathograpy gas sampai dengan kondisi jenuh. Mengingat konsentrasi toluena dalam aliran gas sangat rendah, maka kesetimbangan uap-cair toluena dan minyak mengikuti hukum Henry. Konstanta Henry juga dapat diprediksi dengan menggunakan model UNIFAC-FV yang cocok untuk gas hidrokarbon dan pelarut hidrokarbon dengan titik didih tinggi. Kata kunci: tar, minyak, konstanta Henry","PeriodicalId":138501,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia","volume":"332 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116458101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}