International Journal of Chronic Diseases最新文献_第9页

Hypertensive Crisis, Burden, Management, and Outcome at a Tertiary Care Center in Karachi. 卡拉奇一家三级保健中心的高血压危象、负担、管理和结果。

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-08-18 DOI: 10.1155/2014/413071

Aysha Almas, Ayaz Ghouse, Ahmed Raza Iftikhar, Munawwar Khursheed

{"title":"Hypertensive Crisis, Burden, Management, and Outcome at a Tertiary Care Center in Karachi.","authors":"Aysha Almas, Ayaz Ghouse, Ahmed Raza Iftikhar, Munawwar Khursheed","doi":"10.1155/2014/413071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/413071","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. Hypertension, if uncontrolled, can lead to hypertensive crisis. We aim to determine the prevalence of hypertensive crisis, its management, and outcome in patients presenting to a tertiary care center in Karachi. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Adult inpatients (>18 yrs) presenting to the ER who were known hypertensive and had uncontrolled hypertension were included. Results. Out of 1336 patients, 28.6% (387) had uncontrolled hypertension. The prevalence of hypertensive crisis among uncontrolled hypertensive was 56.3% (218). Per oral calcium channel blocker; 35.4% (137) and intravenous nitrate; 22.7% (88) were the most commonly administered medication in the ER. The mean (SD) drop in SBP in patients with hypertensive crisis on intravenous treatment was 53.1 (29) mm Hg and on per oral treatment was 43 (27) mm Hg. The maximum mean (SD) drop in blood pressure was seen by intravenous sodium nitroprusside; 80 (51) mm Hg in SBP. Acute renal failure was the most common complication with a prevalence of 11.5% (24). Conclusion. The prevalence of hypertensive crisis is high. Per oral calcium channel blocker and intravenous nitrate are the most commonly administered medications in our setup. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"413071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/413071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34084309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Role of Theories in the Design of Web-Based Person-Centered Support: A Critical Analysis. 理论在基于网络的以人为本的支持设计中的作用:批判性分析。

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-03-19 DOI: 10.1155/2014/603047

Agneta Ranerup, Carina Sparud-Lundin, Ingalill Koinberg, Ingela Skärsäter, Margaretha Jenholt-Nolbris, Marie Berg

{"title":"Role of Theories in the Design of Web-Based Person-Centered Support: A Critical Analysis.","authors":"Agneta Ranerup, Carina Sparud-Lundin, Ingalill Koinberg, Ingela Skärsäter, Margaretha Jenholt-Nolbris, Marie Berg","doi":"10.1155/2014/603047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/603047","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. The aim of this study was to provide a critical understanding of the role of theories and their compatibility with a person-centered approach in the design and evaluation of web-based support for the management of chronic illness. Methods. Exploration of web-based support research projects focusing on four cases: (1) preschool children aged 4-6 with bladder dysfunction and urogenital malformation; (2) young adults aged 16-25 living with mental illness; (3) women with type 1 diabetes who are pregnant or in early motherhood; and (4) women who have undergone surgery for breast cancer. Data comprised interviews with research leaders and documented plans. Analysis was performed by means of a cross-case methodology. Results. The used theories concerned design, learning, health and well-being, or transition. All web support products had been developed using a participatory design (PD). Fundamental to the technology design and evaluation of outcomes were theories focusing on learning and on health and well-being. All theories were compatible with a person-centered approach. However, a notable exception was the relatively collective character of PD and Communities of Practice. Conclusion. Our results illustrate multifaceted ways for theories to be used in the design and evaluation of web-based support. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"603047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/603047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34085873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Activation of Natural Killer Cells in Patients with Chronic Bone and Joint Infection due to Staphylococci Expressing or Not the Small Colony Variant Phenotype. 葡萄球菌表达或不表达小菌落变异表型引起的慢性骨关节感染患者自然杀伤细胞的激活

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-03-03 DOI: 10.1155/2014/280653

Sébastien Viel, Paul Rouzaire, Frédéric Laurent, Thierry Walzer, Jacques Bienvenu, Florent Valour, Christian Chidiac, Tristan Ferry, The Lyon Bji Study Group

{"title":"Activation of Natural Killer Cells in Patients with Chronic Bone and Joint Infection due to Staphylococci Expressing or Not the Small Colony Variant Phenotype.","authors":"Sébastien Viel, Paul Rouzaire, Frédéric Laurent, Thierry Walzer, Jacques Bienvenu, Florent Valour, Christian Chidiac, Tristan Ferry, The Lyon Bji Study Group","doi":"10.1155/2014/280653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/280653","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic bone and joint infections (BJI) are devastating diseases. Relapses are frequently observed, as some pathogens, especially staphylococci, can persist intracellularly by expressing a particular phenotype called small colony variant (SCV). As natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes specialized in the killing of host cells infected by intracellular pathogens, we studied NK cells of patients with chronic BJI due to staphylococci expressing or not SCVs (10 patients in both groups). Controls were patients infected with other bacteria without detectable expression of SCVs, and healthy volunteers. NK cell phenotype was evaluated from PBMCs by flow cytometry. Degranulation capacity was evaluated after stimulation with K562 cells in vitro. We found that NK cells were activated in terms of CD69 expression, loss of CD16 and perforin, in all infected patients in comparison with healthy volunteers, independently of the SCV phenotype. Peripheral NK cells in patients with chronic BJI display signs of recent activation and degranulation in vivo in response to CD16-mediated signals, regardless of the type of bacteria involved. This could involve a universal capacity of isolates responsible for chronic BJI to produce undetectable SCVs in vivo, which might be a target of future intervention. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"280653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/280653","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34152665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

p21(WAF1/CIP1) Expression is Differentially Regulated by Metformin and Rapamycin. 二甲双胍和雷帕霉素对p21(WAF1/CIP1)表达的差异调控

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-03-25 DOI: 10.1155/2014/327640

Zoltan Molnar, Ann B Millward, Wai Tse, Andrew G Demaine

引用次数: 9

The Influence of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Flow. 胰岛素依赖型糖尿病对龋齿和唾液流动的影响。

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-10-14 DOI: 10.1155/2014/790898

V K Gupta, Seema Malhotra, Vasuda Sharma, S S Hiremath

{"title":"The Influence of Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus on Dental Caries and Salivary Flow.","authors":"V K Gupta, Seema Malhotra, Vasuda Sharma, S S Hiremath","doi":"10.1155/2014/790898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/790898","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To assess whether or not there was any change in the dental caries and rate of salivary flow of patients with Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) and the contribution of salivary flow to caries risk in IDDM. Setting. Department of Endocrinology, MS Ramaiah Hospital, Bangalore, India. Design. A comparative cross-sectional descriptive type. Materials and Methods. The sample consisted of two groups: 140 diabetic group (mean age 14.8 yr) and 140 nondiabetic group (mean age 13.7 yr). Dental caries by dmf(t) and dmf(s) indices for primary dentition and DMF(T) and DMF(S) indices was used in permanent dentition to assess the dental caries experience. Both stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rate were assessed after collection of saliva. Results. In diabetic group 76% had carious lesion and in nondiabetic group 85.3% had carious lesion. Diabetics have lower mean DMFT, DMFS, dmft, and dmfs compared to the nondiabetic group. Diminished unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate in diabetic than nondiabetic group. Conclusions. The findings obtained conclude that even though there was reduced salivary flow rate in diabetic group the caries prevalence was low. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"790898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/790898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34085877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The Lived Experience of Lupus Flares: Features, Triggers, and Management in an Australian Female Cohort. 狼疮耀斑的生活经验:特征，触发和管理在澳大利亚女性队列。

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-11-20 DOI: 10.1155/2014/816729

Marline L Squance, Glenn E M Reeves, Howard Bridgman

{"title":"The Lived Experience of Lupus Flares: Features, Triggers, and Management in an Australian Female Cohort.","authors":"Marline L Squance, Glenn E M Reeves, Howard Bridgman","doi":"10.1155/2014/816729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/816729","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals living with lupus commonly experience daily backgrounds of symptoms managed to acceptable tolerance levels to prevent organ damage. Despite management, exacerbation periods (flares) still occur. Varied clinical presentations and unpredictable symptom exacerbation patterns provide management and assessment challenges. Patient perceptions of symptoms vary with perceived impact, lifestyles, available support, and self-management capacity. Therefore, to increase our understanding of lupus' health impacts and management, it was important to explore lupus flare characteristics from the patient viewpoint. Lupus flares in 101 Australian female patients were retrospectively explored with the use of a novel flare definition. Qualitative methods were used to explore patient-perceived flare symptoms, triggers, and management strategies adopted to alleviate symptom exacerbations. A mean of 29.9 flare days, with 6.8 discrete flares, was experienced. The study confirmed that patients perceive stress, infection, and UV light as flare triggers and identified new potential triggers of temperature and weather changes, work, and chemical exposure from home cleaning. The majority of flares were self-managed with patients making considered management choices without medical input. Barriers to seeking medical support included appointment timings and past negative experiences reflecting incongruence between clinician and patient views of symptom impact, assessment, and ultimately flare occurrence. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"816729"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/816729","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34085878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Microvascular Complications and Their Associated Risk Factors in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. 新诊断 2 型糖尿病患者的微血管并发症及其相关风险因素。

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-11-30 DOI: 10.1155/2014/201423

Dipika Bansal, Kapil Gudala, Hari Prasad Esam, Ramya Nayakallu, Raja Vikram Vyamusani, Anil Bhansali

引用次数: 0

Association of Socioeconomic Position and Demographic Characteristics with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Healthcare Access among Adults Living in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. 生活在密克罗尼西亚联邦波纳佩岛的成年人的社会经济地位和人口特征与心血管疾病风险因素和医疗服务的关联。

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/2014/595678

G M Hosey, M Samo, E W Gregg, L Barker, D Padden, S G Bibb

{"title":"Association of Socioeconomic Position and Demographic Characteristics with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Healthcare Access among Adults Living in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia.","authors":"G M Hosey, M Samo, E W Gregg, L Barker, D Padden, S G Bibb","doi":"10.1155/2014/595678","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2014/595678","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing in low-to-middle income countries. We examined how socioeconomic and demographic characteristics may be associated with CVD risk factors and healthcare access in such countries. Methods. We extracted data from the World Health Organization's STEPwise approach to surveillance 2002 cross-sectional dataset from Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). We used these data to estimate associations for socioeconomic position (education, income, and employment) and demographics (age, sex, and urban/rural) with CVD risk factors and with healthcare access, among a sample of 1638 adults (25-64 years). Results. In general, we found significantly higher proportions of daily tobacco use among men than women and respondents reporting primary-level education (<9 years) than among those with postsecondary education (>12 years). Results also revealed significant positive associations between paid employment and waist circumference and systolic blood pressure. Healthcare access did not differ significantly by socioeconomic position. Women reported significantly higher mean waist circumference than men. Conclusion. Our results suggest that socioeconomic position and demographic characteristics impact CVD risk factors and healthcare access in FSM. This understanding may help decision-makers tailor population-level policies and programs. The 2002 Pohnpei data provides a baseline; subsequent population health surveillance data might define trends. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"595678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34084311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparison of the Effects of Aerobic and Intense Exercise on the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Marker Adipokines, Adiponectin and Retinol Binding Protein-4. 有氧运动和剧烈运动对2型糖尿病危险标志物脂肪因子、脂联素和视黄醇结合蛋白-4影响的比较

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-01-12 DOI: 10.1155/2014/358058

Amy Phillips, Christian Cobbold

{"title":"A Comparison of the Effects of Aerobic and Intense Exercise on the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Marker Adipokines, Adiponectin and Retinol Binding Protein-4.","authors":"Amy Phillips, Christian Cobbold","doi":"10.1155/2014/358058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/358058","url":null,"abstract":"With a more sedentary population comes growing rates of obesity and increased type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk. Exercise generally induces positive changes in traditional T2DM risk markers such as lipids, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity; however alterations in concentrations of many circulating cytokines and their respective receptors are also becoming apparent. These cytokines may be early-response health risk factors otherwise overlooked in traditional T2DM risk marker analysis. Plasma levels of two adipocyte-originating cytokines, adiponectin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP-4), alter following exercise. Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-insulin resistance roles and its secretion increases with physical activity, whilst elevated RBP-4 leads to increased insulin resistance, and secretion decreases with increasing physical activity; thus these plasma adipokine levels alter favourably following exercise. Although current data are limited, they do suggest that the more intense the exercise, the greater the positive effect on plasma RBP-4 levels, whilst lower intensity aerobic exercise may positively improve adiponectin concentrations. Therefore short-duration, high intensity training may provide a time-efficient alternative to the recommended 150 min moderate aerobic exercise per week in providing positive changes in RBP-4 and other traditional T2DM risk markers and due to increased compliance give greater health benefits over the longer term. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"358058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/358058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34084305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Comparison of Salivary TIMP-1 Levels in Periodontally Involved and Healthy Controls and the Response to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy. 牙周病患者与健康对照者唾液TIMP-1水平的比较及对非手术牙周治疗的反应

International Journal of Chronic Diseases Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-01-09 DOI: 10.1155/2014/363581

Angel Fenol, Maya Rajan Peter, Jayachandran Perayil, Rajesh Vyloppillil, Anuradha Bhaskar

{"title":"Comparison of Salivary TIMP-1 Levels in Periodontally Involved and Healthy Controls and the Response to Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy.","authors":"Angel Fenol, Maya Rajan Peter, Jayachandran Perayil, Rajesh Vyloppillil, Anuradha Bhaskar","doi":"10.1155/2014/363581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/363581","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the dentition. Periodontal destruction is an outcome of the imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs). We wanted to prove the hypothesis that salivary TIPM-1 level will vary in different people. A decrease in TIMP-1 level could make them more susceptible to periodontitis whereas a normal level could prevent increased tissue destruction thereby inhibiting the progression from gingivitis to periodontitis. This could probably pave the way for TIPM-1 to be a specific salivary biomarker and serve as a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool in periodontitis. Methods. Whole unstimulated saliva of 2 ml was collected from twenty-five periodontally healthy and twenty-seven systemically healthy subjects with periodontitis. Clinical parameters recorded at baseline and reevaluated after four weeks in subjects with periodontitis following nonsurgical periodontal therapy were gingival index (GI), oral hygiene index-Simplified (OHI-S), probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL). Salivary TIMP-1 levels in both were analyzed using a commercially available ELISA kit. ","PeriodicalId":13831,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chronic Diseases","volume":"2014 ","pages":"363581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/363581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34084307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6