International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Detection and effect of ephedrine sulphate on the development rate of the forensic blow fly larvae Chrysomya albiceps (Diptera: Calliphoridae) colonize a dog carcass","authors":"M. A. Fouda, A. A. Dali, K. Hammad, M. Abdrabou, M. Kabadaia","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"Necrophagous insects may provide useful information to medico legal about the time, place and cause of death. In addition they can serve as reliable alternative specimens for toxicological analysis in cases where human tissue and fluids, normally taken during autopsies, are not available, due to decomposition of the carcass. Using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GCFID), the present study demonstrated the detection of ephedrine from the forensically – important blow fly larvae C. albiceps which the most abundant fly attracted firstly and consume the flesh of carcass as their food substrate. In addition the effect of ephedrine on the development rate of these fly larvae was observed. Ephedrine was detected in the homogenate of C. albiceps larvae that fed on ephedrine sulphate – dead dog carcass at 4.336 min. vs. at 4.339 min. in the standard samples as shown from chromatograms. Ephedrine was found to significantly prolong the pupal and total durations of C. albiceps colonized the treated carcass as compared to control.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80755628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil micro arthropods assemblages in selected plantation in The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India","authors":"Dharmaraj Jayaraman, Gunasekaran Chinappan, Rajkumar Vallavan","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.11","url":null,"abstract":"India is one of the twelve mega biodiversity in the world and the Western Ghats in Southern India are considered to be one of the 18 hotspots of biodiversity in the world. The natural areas of Nilgiris has been Shrunk by exotic tree plantation like Eucalyptus and Wattle. Recent researches have sought that more litter mass provides food and habitat for soil micro-arthropods. The period of the study was from March to August 2014. During litter decomposition nutrients like N, P and K release into the soil. But invasive species like Eucalyptus and Wattles of the area have given negative effects to the soil nutrients. So the environmental term illustrates the variation in soil fertility and decreases NPK. The comparative diversity of micro-arthropods in natural, Wattle and Eucalyptus plantations was studied in Nilgiris. Moreover, Eucalyptus and Wattle plantations decreased the availability of ground water consequently affecting the soil fertility. Hence the present study suggests minimizing the growth of Wattle and Eucalyptus plantations in the natural areas which may help to maintain the fertility of the soil.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"90-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83087298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Escherichia coli Producing Cytosine Deaminase from Iraqi patients","authors":"Ali saadi Al-Baer, A. Hussein","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to isolate a locally higher cytosine deaminase producer Escherichia coli. Ten E. coli bacterial isolates were obtained from twenty-five urine samples collected from Al-Imamein AlKadhumain medical city hospital in Baghdad. These isolates were identified by cultural, microscopical and biochemical tests, identifications also done by vitek 2 system. Cytosine deaminase activity was assayed for these isolates and it was found that all isolates were enzyme producer with variable activities and E. coli E9 was the most efficient with specific activity of (0.350 U/mg).","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86541432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of In vitro Free Radical Scavenging potential of the Novel siddha formulation Idivallathi Mezhugu using DPPH, NO and ABTS radical scavenging assay","authors":"K. Nanthine, S. Murugesan, R. Madhavan","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"Free radicals are fundamental to any biochemical process and represent an essential part of aerobic life and metabolism. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) are products of normal cellular metabolism. The most common ROS include superoxide anion, H2O2, peroxyl (ROO-) radicals and reactive hydroxyl (OH-) radicals and the nitrogen derived free radicals are nitric oxide and peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-). These reactive species play an important role in pathogenesis of several oxidative stress related diseases like carcinogenesis, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis and neurological degenerative diseases. India is known for its cultural, moral and also for traditional therapies. The widely practicing system among all is siddha system of medicine. Siddha is a novel therapy comprises of multidisciplinary approach it comprises of the herbal and polyherbal components. Often the formulation available in the Indian system of medicine is blend of herb and herbominerals by which it acts by multiple mechanism. One such novel formulation in siddha is Idivallathi Mezhugu (IM) used for treating various ailments in humans.There is an increasing trend to replace synthetic antioxidants, which are of safety concern with the natural antioxidants available from plant extracts or isolated products of plant origin. The main aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the formulation IM using DPPH, NO and ABTS radical scavenging assay. The results of the study indicates that the DPPH radical scavenging activity of the formulation IM has shown dose dependent inhibition of radical ranges from 6.57 ± 5.57 to 51.49 ± 10.6 at the concentration varying from 10 to 100 μg/ml. NO radical scavenging activity of the IM has revealed potential radical scavenging activity ranges from 10.93 ± 1.59 to 57.81 ± 6.3. Similarly in ABTS assay the percentage inhibition ranges from 7.85 ± 2.28 to 61.33 ± 12.48 at the concentration varying from 10 to 100μg/ml. In conclusion the formulation IM possesses promising antioxidant activity against all three tested assay and hence it may be effective in the clinical management of the several oxidative stress related disorders.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80936727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Globalization of Genetically Modified Foods and their Effect on Human Health","authors":"K. Alotaibi","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionGenetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is being adopted by the developing world despite that most of the European nations have banned them. The genetic engineering of crops has triggered heated ethical debates related to their potential harm to human health and the environment. Methodology – Qualitative approach. ConclusionThe uncertainty about the potential implications of GM foods on human health and the environment have been central concerns raised by majority of those opposed to the GMOs. Several benefits have also been highlighted by those in support of the integration of biotechnology into farming. These include the increased productivity as well as the possibility of alleviate poverty and bring about food security in the developing world.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82440296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential role of some nutraceuticals in neurotoxicity induced by aluminum oxide in experimental animal model","authors":"Lobna A. Hassanin, A. M. Salama, Enaam A. Essa, M. A. Moniem","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate neurorestorative potential of lecithin (L) and/or gallic acid (GA) in alleviating aluminum (Al)-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain. Rats were classified into seven groups: Group (1): served as control, Groups (2)&(3): received lecithin or gallic acid in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Group (4): received Al in a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight, Group (5): received Al + lecithin, Group (6): received Al + gallic acid and Group (7): received Al + lecithin+ gallic acid. Rats treated orally for 28 days (5days/week). Al induced a significant increase in AChE activity, along with a significant decrease in dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) levels. Al treatment resulted in significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content. On the contrary, Al caused a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG ratio. As well as, it stimulates an apoptotic signaling program by increase of Bax, caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio accompanied with decrease of Bcl-2 in the tested brain areas. Histopathological examination confirms the biochemical results. Conclusively, treatment with lecithin and/or gallic acid can retrieve the effect of aluminum toxicities on the basis of cholinergic, dopaminergic, oxidative, and apoptotic status.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"72-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90790792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation, Standardization and Physiochemical evaluation of Novel Siddha Preparation Naga Chendurum as per AYUSH guideline","authors":"C. R. Sreedhana, M. Mustafa","doi":"10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/ijarbs.2017.04.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"Siddha formulations offer atremendous advantage in clinical practice against metabolic and lifestyle disorders including neurodegenerative diseases. Often investigation on Siddha preparations attempted on reverse pharmacology basis. Hence nearly 80% of the formulation already have proven track record clinically and now several investigationsare being made on its preclinical aspect. Considering the global need the modern standardization method adopted for identity, purity and shelf life of the preparation. Different techniques have been followed to analyze the purity of the raw materials it includes a microscopic, macroscopic, Physical, chemical and biological method of analysis. Physicochemical evaluation of the preparation plays a vital role in establishing the monograph of the formulation, as it becomes the documentary evidence to substantiate the standards of the preparation. It renders the useful information like genuinity, stability, selective characteristic feature and nature of the compound’s presence in the drug. WHO and other regulatory authorities in collaboration with government agency setup a benchmark for proper standardization of the raw drug as well the finished formulations. According to these guidelines parameters such as loss on drying, Total ash, Extractive value and pH provides some important details on identifying the stability and genuinity of the drugs as well. The main aim of the present investigation is to standardize the novel formulation Naga Chendurum (NC) as per AYUSH guideline and to reveal the property of the formulation to the scientific community for better understanding about the standards of the formulation. The results obtained from the physicochemical evaluation revealsthattotal ash value of NCwas found to 92.38%. In which the water-soluble ash was 33.51% and acid insoluble ash was 46 %. Similarly, loss on drying value at 105C was found to be 0% respectively. pH is an important indicator for the solvent solubility and ability to cross the biological barrier. pH of the formulation NC was found to be 6.77.From the results of the study, it was evident that the Siddha formulation NC complies with the standard and may be used for clinical management of Vathadiseases, Kasam, Vallikunmam, Erikunmam etc. But further studies need to be carried out to ascertain the exact role of phytotherapeutics present in the formulation might responsible for the expected pharmacological action in humans and animals as well.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85876280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological control of brinjal wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae using soluble powder formulation of Aspergillus niger","authors":"Valmik M. Patil, K. R. Patole, Mohan S. Paprikar, J. C. Rajput","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78863902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of serum sodium and serum potassium level in chronic renal failure","authors":"Preeti Singh, S. Deshwali, G. Potey, Aashish Sharma","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.13","url":null,"abstract":"C.R.F. Chronic renal failure is a progressive loss in renal function over a period of months or years. It is a long term condition caused by damage to both kidneys. There is no single cause and damage is usually irreversible and can lead to ill health. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Methods : The present study included 30 chronic renal failure patients of both sexes and 30 healthy controls of both sexes. Special care were taken to ensure that females were neither on contraceptive pills and nor pregnant. Result: The comparison of serum sodium and serum potassium levels between control cases and CRF cases were found to be statically significant (p<.005). Conclusion: Serum sodium level decrease and serum potassium level were found elevated in CRF cases as compare to control cases. Summary: In renal disease with CRF shows low serum sodium level and high serum potassium level as compare to control. This is due to malfunctioning of aldosterone and rennin–angiotensin system, glomerular filtration and decreased reabsorption. So these patients sometime need replacement therapy.","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85468080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation of the Quality of Sleep in Diabetic Patients","authors":"Sadegh Dehghanmehr, S. Varasteh, Safooranooraeen Safooranooraeen, S. Emami, Omolbanin Asrari","doi":"10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22192/IJARBS.2017.04.11.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13830,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81802374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}