International Journal of Advances in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Hypertension best treatment options 2023","authors":"Guillermo Avalos Gonzalez, G. Garcia Santiago, J. M. Huerta Velázquez, J. M. Zepeda Torres, Alexa Jimenez Curriel","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20232142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20232142","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic arterial hypertension is main cause of cerebrovascular events and coronary disease. Therefore, treatment and control of this disease is of great importance in public health. Arterial hypertension is a common disease that is defined as the persistent elevation of blood pressure more than 130/80 mm HG by the American college of cardiology (ACC)/American heart association (AHA), and by 8th joint national committee (JNC 8) criteria specify≥140/90 mmHg. The treatment of hypertension is based on non-pharmacological strategies and pharmacological. The best treatment for arterial hypertension is the combination of non-pharmacological strategies and pharmacological. We think that the most important step in a plan for primary care providers should be non-pharmacological strategies, principally the change of the diet of the patient, and encouraging them to lose weight and do physical activity daily. In the case of pharmacological strategies, as we saw in different studies and guidelines, all support the use of a combination of different medications. Because this way patients had better responses to treatment and decreased the rate of complications.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84993166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hip fracture treatment and complications after surgery","authors":"G. Garcia Santiago, Esteban Torres Magaña, Ana Sofia Ponce Galvez, Aran Alejandro Rodriguez Ceja, Guillermo Avalos Gonzalez","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20232143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20232143","url":null,"abstract":"Falls are one of the most important geriatric syndromes due to their high frequency, often without fatal consequences, but they do tend to affect the person's health and quality of life. The purpose of this review is to mention to most used options of treatment and the most common complication that occurred after the treatment. Whether physical or psychological complications. The average age is 82 years in women and 79 years in men; the largest number of causes occur during the day and at home, which is why more than 40% of the population has suffered a previous fracture. Most fractures are the result of trips or falls, but there are 5% who do not report previous traumatic episodes. The most common types of fracture according to the AO/OTA classification correspond to type 31-A1 and 31-A2 which are considered stable, likewise it is mentioned that the scope of treatment commonly used is intramedullary nailing and sliding screw plate, being the second one the preferred one. The risk factors associated with this complication were age, sex, and ASA score. In another way, the surgical complications included hematoma/healing, mechanical disorder, complications, infections, Necrosis, pseudoarthrosis, and malposition Healing and had the same risk factors associated plus the time it took to perform the surgery.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89949871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast ultrasound diagnostic performance and outcomes for mass lesions in Dharma Yadnya general hospital in 2018-2023","authors":"I. Dana, I. N. T. Atmaja","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231867","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The latest report by the world health organization and international agency for research on cancer told that the incidence and mortality of breast cancer is the most among female cancer patients.\u0000Methods: This is descriptive study which uses medical record of 50 samples patients in Dharma Yadnya general hospital. This study include patients  at least 25 years old who presented to the Dharma Yadnya general hospital between January 2019 to March 2023 which get breast ultrasound examination and pathology examination, benign or malignant mass.\u0000Results: In ultrasound findings, there are 43 (86%) people with benign cancer, 7 (14%) people with malignant cancer, 43 (86%) people with hipoechoic density and solid lession, 7 (14%) people with isoechoic density and cystic lession, 43 (86%) people with regular margin, 7 (14%) people with irregular margin, 43 (86%) people without lymph nodes axillary, 7 (14%) people with lymph nodes axillary, and by Doppler there are 43 (86%) people without neovascularitation inside lession and 7 (14%) people with neovascularitation inside lession. There are statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between diagnosis (benign and malignant) with age of patients, density, margin, existence of lymph nodes axillary, and neovascularitation inside the lession by doppler.\u0000Conclusions: Breast sonography is the modality of choice for further investigation of palpable breast findings that are not clearly benign and mammographic screen-detected abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75786746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of depression, anxiety and stress among patients with type II diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care centre","authors":"K. Hazarika, M. Ali, Saurabh Agarwal, S. Verma, Vipul Singh","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231871","url":null,"abstract":"Background: India is home to 17% diabetic (~80 million) population of world and is expected to increase to 135 million by 2045. Chronic illnesses association with psychiatric morbidity. Positive relationship exists between diabetes and psychiatric disorders and have definite negative impact on self-care practices, worsening physical and mental health, diminishing quality of life (QoL) and poor resulting in greater economic burden both to family and society.\u0000Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a diabetes clinic of a tertiary care facility in North India. Hindi version of DASS 21 was used to ascertain the psychological health of patients which determine the presence of depression, anxiety and stress. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0\u0000Results: We found a high prevalence of depression (49.7%), anxiety (69.7%) and stress (68.3%) among patients belonging to lower socioeconomic status, rural residence and lower literacy rates/illiteracy. The prevalence of depression was higher among females.\u0000Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among the North Indian diabetic population which shows some variability with changing demographic profile.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82443476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare complication of a relatively common disease: periodic paralysis caused by thyrotoxicosis","authors":"A. Chanda, Mainak Mandal, S. Sarkar, Nirmalya Roy","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231880","url":null,"abstract":"Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is a sporadic form of hypo-kalemic periodic paralysis and it is most commonly presents as sudden onset weakness in the proximal muscles. It is a disorder most commonly seen in Asian men which is characterised by abrupt onset of hypo-kalemia and paralysis and it is primarily affects lower extremities and is secondary to thyrotoxicosis. It is due to an intracellular shift of potassium induced by thyroid hormone sensitisation of Na/K ATPase rather than depletion of total potassium. The absence of a family history, male predilection and, presentation in second to fourth decade of life and signs of thyrotoxicosis and sinus tachycardia help in the diagnosis of the disorder. The age of onset is later and corresponded with age of incidence of thyrotoxicosis. It is very essential to diagnose TPP early and treat appropriately.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88463861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of leukocyte esterase reagent strip test and platelet indices for early diagnosis of ascitic fluid infection in liver cirrhosis","authors":"R. Dutta, M. M. Rahman, Rezaul I. Patwary, Iftekhar Imam, H. I. Ahmad, S. D. Choudhury, I. Datta, T. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231868","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is one of the serious complexities in patients with cirrhosis and ascites. 30-50% of death may occur if it not treated properly. The leucocyte esterase reagent (LER) strip test is a special apparatus for prior detection of neutrophils in the ascetic fluid. The aim of the study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the LER strip test and platelet indices in the early detection of SBP in cirrhotic patients.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of gastrointestinal hepatobiliary and pancreatic disorders (GHPD), BIRDEM, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2018 to October 2019. A total of 110 indoor patients of liver cirrhosis with ascites were enrolled after fulfilment of the inclusion and exclusion criteria with adequate history taking and clinical examination.\u0000Results: Out of 110 cases, 68 were male and 42 were female, and among them 23 (20.9%) patients had SBP. LER strip test at grade 4 set as a cut-off value which showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy was 91.3%, 90.8%, 70%, 97.5%, and 90% respectively. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were done by complete blood count, where the MPV cut-off value set as 12.5 fl showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 82.6%, 90.8%, 66%, 96.25%, and 88.18% respectively. PDW cut-off value set on 18.10% revealed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy was 82.6%, 83.9%, 50%, 95.71% and 79% respectively. ROC curve was plotted to set the cut-off value by examining sensitivity and specificity. Results were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.\u0000Conclusions: This study was undertaken to detect LER strip tests that showed significant results in bedside diagnosis of SBP. Apart from this, a significant increase in MPV and PDW was observed in SBP. So, LER strip tests and platelet indices measurement can be economical and reliable appliances for early diagnosis of SBP.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81719849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal mortality and morbidity amongst antenatal patients with and without COVID-19 infection","authors":"S. Kharakwal, Anshul Sharma, Prerana Mishra","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231873","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of our study is to compare the maternal mortality between those who are infected with COVID-19 infection and those who are not. Our study was done at Maharani Laxmi Bai Medical College, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, which included 2 groups: group 1- pregnant women with COVID-19 infection, and group 2- pregnant women without COVID-19 infection.\u0000Methods: Our study is prospective and comparative study, done over 250 antenatal patients admitted at our centre, with COVID-19 infection status confirmed either by rapid antigen testing, or by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)/TruNaat testing who had signs and symptoms of COVID-19 infection along with those who needed obstetric intervention or had a high-risk pregnancy status.\u0000Results: Preterm labor accounted for the maternal complication with a majority in COVID-19 infected maternal group. Maternal mortality did not increase amongst patients affected with COVID-19 infection within our study duration.\u0000Conclusions: Maternal mortality thus did not seem to be affected much by the COVID-19 pandemic probably due to the low infectivity and fatality of third wave was low.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79559125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of serum ferritin in patients with acute ischemic stroke in tertiary care hospital","authors":"Umashankar Ranjan, Kanmani Panneerselvam","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231870","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Identifying prognostic markers and mortality predictors is essential for successful intervention and treatment of ischemic stroke. The study aims to examine the role of serum ferritin as a prognostic indicator for stroke severity in conjunction with national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and MRS stroke scales. Furthermore, the association of serum ferritin and several associated risk factors for stroke was also studied.\u0000Methods: This study conducted was cross-sectional. 143 patients with acute ischemic stroke who attended the general medicine OPD within 24 hours of admission after the onset of stroke were taken into consideration. Only those patients who matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken for analysis. Acute ischemic stroke patients were admitted with verbal consent, medical background, routine blood, neurological examination, and CT scan, NIHSS scoring, treatment protocols, anti-edema measures, and modified Rankin scale for functional recovery after four weeks.\u0000Results: In the present study, 80% were males, and 20% were females. Most study participants were 51-60 years (38%). The mean age is 58.87 years, and the standard deviation is 11.41. About 35% were smokers, 38% were alcoholics, 56% were diabetic, 68% were hypertensives, and 35% had lipid disorders. There is a statistically significant correlation between serum ferritin and the severity of stroke based on the NIHSS scale and the Modified Rankin scale.\u0000Conclusions: The study demonstrates the use of serum ferritin as an indicative marker for prognosis patients having an acute ischemic stroke. However, monitoring during follow-up did not show any benefit. The current study glorifies the simplistic use of a serum marker.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76665518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of placental laterality with pre-eclampsia","authors":"Fiza Amin, R. Ara, T. Tali","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231874","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to observe association between placental laterality and pre-eclampsia in pregnant women.\u0000Methods: In this retrospective study, hospital records of 300 pregnant patients who were admitted in our hospital with mild or severe pre-eclampsia between January 2019 to February 2021 were analysed.\u0000Results: Ultrasonography performed on these pregnant women between 18 and 24 weeks revealed that 177 (59%) had a lateral placenta and 123 (41%), a central placenta, indicating that pre-eclampsia occurred more frequently in patients with a lateral placental position. Also, pre-eclampsia occurred more frequently in primigravida (first-time moms) than in multigravida (second or subsequent pregnancies), with 132 (44%) primigravida, 106 (35%) second gravida and 62 (21%) multigravidas.\u0000Conclusions: This study revealed that the majority of pre-eclampsia patients had placentas that were positioned laterally, indicating a correlation between the two.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83134043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of anemia in non-luminal solid tumors","authors":"Nupoor Dandavate, Nitin Gadkari, A. Rajbhoj, M. Patil, Naineesh Gaikwad, Ashwini Bankar","doi":"10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20231878","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anemia is particularly prevalent in India due to widespread malnutrition. Cancer related anemia affects about three-fourths of cancer patients, causing symptoms like fatigue, appetite loss, and difficulty concentrating, and can worsen cancer prognosis, lengthen treatment, and reduce survival rates. Anemia is a significant cause of tumor hypoxia, which exacerbates the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and affects energy levels and emotional distress.\u0000Methods: The present cross-sectional study aims to assess the prevalence and types of anemia in patients with newly diagnosed non-luminal solid tumors. The study sample included all patients meeting the inclusion criteria, with a sample size of 100. Clinical evaluation and investigations were carried out to determine the presence and severity of anemia. Data was compiled and analyzed.\u0000Results: Of the 100 patients enrolled, 68% had evidence of anemia, and the majority of them were in the age group of 51-60 years. Anemia’s association with body mass index (BMI) was noted and was more common in underweight and normal-weight patients. The commonest malignancies in the study were head and neck cancers, breast cancers and female genital cancers, and the incidence of anemia in these malignancies was higher than in other tumors. When sub-classified a higher prevalence in gynecological tumors was noted. The majority of anemic patients had mild anemia, with microcytic hypochromic anemia being the most common type.\u0000Conclusions: The study provides valuable information on the incidence and severity of anemia in patients with non-luminal solid tumors, which can help clinicians in their treatment planning and management.","PeriodicalId":13827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88105390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}