International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effets du mode d’application d’engrais phosphatés (CBKCa et TSP) sur la productivité du mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br) au centre ouest du Burkina Faso","authors":"Iliassou Nignan, J. Ouédraogo, Satoshi Nakamura, I. Sermé, K. Coulibaly","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.14","url":null,"abstract":"La distance d’application des phosphatés pourrait influencer la réponse des cultures à la fertilisation phosphatée due à la faible mobilité du phosphore. Ainsi, une étude a été conduite en 2021 et 2022 à Saria, pour évaluer l’effet de la distance d’application de deux engrais phosphatés sur la productivité du mil. Se sont le Burkina Phosphate calciné enrichi en calcium (CBKCa) et triple super phosphate (TSP). Pour ce faire, un dispositif factoriel avec quatre répétitions a été installé. Les phosphates ont été appliquées sur les parcelles principales à trois distances d’application (0 ; 5 et 10 cm du collet du mil), sur les parcelles secondaires. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 de ces engrais a été appliqués en combinaison avec du NKSB (37-14-6-1). Les résultats ont montré que quelle que soit l’année et indépendamment de la distance, le CBKCa et le TSP ont enregistré des valeurs moyennes identiques concernant les paramètres de croissance et la production de biomasse. L’application des phosphates, à 5 cm, a entraîné une augmentation significative du rendement en grain de 42% et 35% en 2021 par rapport à l’apport à 10 et 0 cm. En 2022, ces augmentations étaient de 111% et 33%. L’application de CBKCa à 5 cm pourrait être recommandée. \u0000The distance of application of phosphates could influence the response of crops to phosphate fertilization due to the low mobility of phosphorus. Thus, a study was conducted in 2021 and 2022 in Saria, to evaluate the effect of the distance of application of two phosphate fertilizers on millet productivity. These are Burkina Calcined Phosphate enriched with calcium (CBKCa) and triple super phosphate (TSP). To do this, a factorial design with four repetitions was installed. The phosphates were applied to the main plots at three application distances (0, 5 and 10 cm from the millet collar), to the secondary plots. 23 kg P2O5.ha-1 of these fertilizers was applied in combination with NKSB (37-14-6-1). The results showed that whatever the year and independently of the distance, CBKCa and TSP recorded identical average values regarding growth parameters and biomass production. The application of phosphates, at 5 cm, led to a significant increase in grain yield of 42% and 35% in 2021 compared to the application at 10 and 0 cm. In 2022, these increases were 111% and 33%. Application of CBKCa at 5 cm could be recommended.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"110 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Étude de la toxicité subaiguë hématologique et biochimique des extraits hydro-méthanoliques de Ingofera pulchra chez les rats Wistar","authors":"Yao Layibo, H. Magnang, K. Dosseh, Norbert Togbenou, Délagnon Messanh Irenée Kueviakoe, A. Agbonon","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.4","url":null,"abstract":"Indigofera eIndigofera pulchra (Ip) Willd est utilisé en médecine traditionnelle pour traiter l’anémie, le paludisme et la douleur, par des ingestions répétées. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la toxicité subaiguë des extraits hydro-méthanoliques de Ip. La constitution phytochimique de l’extrait a été déterminée. Quatre lots de cinq rats Wistar chacun ont été constitués dans lesquels étaient administrés quotidiennement de l’eau distillée (lot 1 : groupe témoin), l’extrait à 100 mg/kg de poids (lot 2), l’extrait à 200 mg/kg de poids (lot 3) et l’extrait à 400 mg/kg de poids (lot 4). Un hémogramme, une numération des réticulocytes (J0, J15 et J29) et des examens biochimiques (J0 et J29) ont été réalisés après gavage avec les extraits. L’extrait contenait des flavonoïdes, des tanins, des triterpènes et stérols, des saponosides et des coumarines. La variation de la numération des globules rouges (p=0,014) et l’urée sérique (p=0,019) était plus faible et celle du volume globulaire moyen (p=0,015) et de la teneur corpusculaire moyenne en hémoglobine (p=0,014) plus importante dans le lot 4 par rapport au lot 1 à J29. Il n’y avait pas de différence significative des valeurs et de la variation des paramètres biologiques étudiés. Ip n’est pas responsable de toxicité hématologique, hépatique ou rénale à la dose 100 à 400 mg d’extrait par kilogramme chez les rats. \u0000Indigofera pulchra (Ip) Wild is used as medicinal plant to treat anemia, malaria and pain, conditions that often require repeated doses. The aim of this work was to evaluate the subacute toxicity of Ip hydro-methonolic extracts. Four groups of five Wistar rats receiving orally every day and respectively distilled water (group 1: control group), 100 mg of extract per kilogram of weight (group 2), 200 mg/kg (group 3) and 400 mg/kg weight (group 4). A complete blood count with reticulocytes count (day0, day15 and day29) and biochemical tests (day0 and day29) were assessed after the extract administration. Flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes and sterols, saponins and coumarins were detected in the extract. The change in red blood cell count (p=0.014) and serum urea (p=0.019) was lesser and that of the mean corpuscular volume (p=0.015) and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p=0.014) greater in group 4 compared to group 1 at day29. The other hematological and biochemical parameters were not significantly different between the groups of rats. There was no significant difference in the absolute values and the variation of the assessed biological parameters. Ip is not responsible for hematological, liver or renal toxicity when administered orally at the dose of 100-400 mg extract per kilogram in rats. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"107 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effet de la substitution graduelle de la farine de graine du cultivar RDC de Cajanus cajan sur la croissance des poulets de chair de souche Coob 500","authors":"Richard Mabeki Missoko, Silvère Ngatse Dimi, Olendekah Issengue Amboua, P. Akouango","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.9","url":null,"abstract":"Ce travail visait à évaluer les effets de l’incorporation des graines du cultivar RDC de Cajanus cajan dans les rations sur les performances de croissance, les caractéristiques de la carcasse des poulets de chair au Congo. Pour réaliser cette étude, 48 poussins de deux semaines d’âge ont été répartis selon un dispositif complètement randomisé en 4 lots de 12 sujets chacun correspondant à quatre types de rations expérimentales contenant respectivement 0, 7, 14 et 21% de farine de graines de Cajanus cajan en substitution graduelle du tourteau de soja. Chaque lot a été subdivisé en deux sous-lots de 6 sujets. La consommation alimentaire a été mesurée journalièrement et les pesées des sujets de façon hebdomadaire. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que l’’incorporation de la farine de graines de Cajanus cajan a diminué la vitesse de croissance, la consommation et l’efficacité alimentaire des sujets proportionnellement au taux d’incorporation de cette farine. Cependant, elle n’a entrainé aucun effet néfaste significatif sur les caractéristiques de la carcasse et des organes des poulets de chair à 7 semaines d’âge. De même, cette incorporation n’a induit aucune coloration jaune de la peau et de la graisse abdominale des carcasses des oiseaux comparés aux sujets témoins. Ces résultats ont montré que l’utilisation de la farine de graines du cultivar RDC de Cajanus cajan pourrait être incorporées dans l’alimentation du poulet de chair à des teneurs allant jusqu’à 14% pour réduire les coûts de productions au Congo. \u0000This work aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating seeds of the DRC cultivar of Cajanus cajan into rations on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens in Congo. To carry out this study, 48 two-week-old chicks were distributed according to a completely randomized design into 4 batches of 12 subjects each corresponding to four types of experimental rations containing respectively 0, 7, 14 and 21% of seed flour. Cajanus cajan as a gradual replacement for soybean meal. Each batch was subdivided into two sub-batches of 6 subjects. Food consumption was measured daily and the subjects' weighings were measured weekly. The results obtained showed that the incorporation of Cajanus cajan seed flour reduced the growth speed, consumption and feed efficiency of the subjects proportionally to the rate of incorporation of this flour. However, it did not cause any significant adverse effects on the characteristics of the carcass and organs of broilers at 7 weeks of age. Likewise, this incorporation did not induce any yellow coloring of the skin and abdominal fat of the bird carcasses compared to control subjects. These results showed that the use of seed meal from the DRC cultivar of Cajanus cajan could be incorporated into broiler feed at levels of up to 14% to reduce production costs in Congo.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"122 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prévalence et caractérisation des sérotypes de Salmonella isolées au CHU la Référence Nationale de N’Djaména au Tchad","authors":"H. Abba, Ban-bo Bebanto Antipas, Edith Marguerite Nikiema, Jean Bienvenue Ouoba, K. Gamougame, Evariste Bako, Soutongnooma Caroline Bouda, Abdoulaye Kuan Traore, Bessimbaye Nadlou, Abdelsalam Adoum Doutoum, Nicolas Barro","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.7","url":null,"abstract":"Les Salmonelles se retrouvent parmi les agents pathogènes multirésistants qui suscitent une grande inquiétude au Centre Hospitalier de Référence Nationale (CHU-RN) de N’Djamena. Ils sont responsables des toxi-infections alimentaires et de la fièvre typhoïde. Le but de cette étude était d’actualiser la connaissance sur la présence, la diversité et l’antibiorésistance de Salmonella spp dans le milieu hospitalier au Tchad. Au total, 341 spécimens de selles des patients hospitalisés et externes ont été collectés entre août 2018 et févier 2019. L’identification des souches de Salmonella a été réalisée à l’aide de la galérie Api 20E et confirmée par l’automate compact VITEK® 2TM 15 au Tchad et sur le milieu XLT4 de l’institut Pasteur en France. Les isolats ont été caractérisés à l'aide d’un sérotypage en utilisant le Kit de Kauffmann-White. Les tests de sensibilité aux antimicrobiens ont été réalisés selon les directives de EUCAST. Les résultats montrent que le phénotype de résistance aux bêta-lactamases à spectre étendu (BLSE) a été signalé dans 42% des isolats. Environ 2% (6/314) des échantillons étaient positifs pour Salmonella. Parmi les 6 sérovars identifiés, Salmonella enteritidis (50%) était le plus commun, suivi de S. colindale (33,3%) et S. grampian (16,7). 100% des isolats (6) étaient résistants à au moins un antimicrobien. La résistance a été le plus fréquemment observée à l'amoxicilline-acide clavulanique, Cotrimoxazole et à la Tétracycline (100%). De plus, une diminution de sensibilité au ceftriaxone (83,3%) et l’aztreoname (83,3%) a été observée. Nos résultats ont indiqué une augmentation de la contamination par Salmonella et l’apparition des isolats résistants à plusieurs antimicrobiens dans le CHU. \u0000Salmonella spp are among the pathogens and multi-resistant agents that are causing great concern at the National Reference General Hospital (HGRN) in N'djamena. They are responsible for food poisoning and typhoid fever. This study has aimed to update knowledge on the presence, diversity and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spp in hospitals in Chad. A total of 341 stool specimens from inpatients and outpatients were collected between August 2018 and February 2019. The identification of Salmonella strains was carried out using the Api 20E gallery and confirmed by the VITEK® 2TM 15 compact automaton in Chad and on the XLT4 medium at the Pasteur Institute in France. Isolates were characterized by serotyping using the Kauffmann-White Kit. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to EUCAST guidelines. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resistance phenotype was reported in 42% of isolates. About 2% (6/314) of the samples were positive for Salmonella. Among the 6 sérovars identified, Salmonella enteritidis (50%) was the most common, followed by S. colindale (33.3%) and S. grampian (16.7). 100% of isolates (6) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. Resistance was most frequently observed to amoxicillin-clavulanic ac","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"121 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability, accessibility and effectiveness of a form of physical exercise session adapted to obese adolescents attending school in Brazzaville: Comparative study","authors":"Simplice Innocent Moussouami, Dieu Donné Wilfrid Kpèdétin Agbodjogbe, B. Tonon, I. B. Nigan, Alain Marc Boussana, P. Gouthon, François Mbemba","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.16","url":null,"abstract":"The policy for the management of obese children in Congo is almost non-existent. The present study aims at determining the level of acceptability, accessibility and effectiveness of the form of physical exercise session best suited for the management of obese school children in Brazzaville. Methods: The present study was an intervention study, carried out with 23 overweight students from eight secondary schools in the city of Brazzaville. The participants were subjected to two physical exercise sessions (aerobics alone and then, aerobics and muscle strengthening) during one week. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The form of the session was considered acceptable if its assessment based on 6 items scored at least 13.6 out of a total of 17 points; accessible if its assessment based on 5 items scored 14.4 out of a total of 18 points. It was considered effective if it met 4 of the physiological criteria. The level of acceptability of the aerobics and muscle strengthening session was significantly higher than that of the aerobics session alone (14/23 or 61% versus 4/19 or 17%; P = 0.03). PCA identified two components (percent weight loss %PP and energy expenditure DE) in axis 1 that had a satisfactory loading factor of 0.70. The results of this study put the acceptability, accessibility and effectiveness of an intervention program based on aerobics and strength training. This program could be recommended as a non-pharmacological means in the management of an obese adolescent population.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"116 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro culture of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.): influence of disinfection, antioxidants and carbon source on germination and growth","authors":"J. Nanti, Serge Hervé Kimou, Gnamien Gwladys Yah, Marius Konan Kouassi, Mongomaké Koné","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.26","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the impact of disinfection protocol, antioxidants, and carbon sources on the germination and growth of cashew plants grown in vitro. Two disinfection techniques, single and double disinfection, were used on cashew seeds. The seeds were then grown on a medium supplemented with antioxidants and carbon source at different concentrations. The results showed that double disinfection resulted in the lowest contamination rates of 5.29% and 9% for calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite, respectively. Germination rates, mean germination times, and viable seedling rates were not affected by the disinfection technique nor type of disinfectant used. However, plants from seeds that underwent double disinfection had the highest growth rates. The presence of antioxidants and the interaction between antioxidants and their concentrations did not have a significant influence on germination rates, normal seedling rates, or mean germination time. On the other hand, these parameters were affected by the carbon source used. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the factors that affect cashew seed germination and growth in.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"118 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absorbance enhancement of a treated Tanzanian kaolin for removal of synthetic dyes from contaminated water","authors":"Laurance Erasto, H. Hellar-Kihampa, Q. Mgani, Esther Hellen Jason Lugwisha","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.34","url":null,"abstract":"Kaolin possesses unique features suitable for removing pollutants from aqueous solutions, in this regard, improving its effectiveness as an adsorbent is important. This study focused on refining the absorbance efficiency of Pugu kaolin clay from Tanzania to enhance its utilization in removing textile dyes from contaminated water. The process involved acid-activation after calcination at 750oC. Characterization using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Porosimeter techniques revealed the presence of kaolinite [Al2Si2O5(OH)4], silica (SiO2) and microcline [KAlSi3O8] as the main phases. Acid treatment resulted in an increase in silica content from 44.18% to 58.81% due to the appearance of tridymite, while alumina decreased from 26.70% to 12.74% due to the removal of kaolinite. Surface area significantly expanded from 15.36 to 149.61 m2/g as acid-soluble impurities were eliminated. Chemical composition was also altered, with a decrease in Fe2O3 and increase in other major oxides. The impact of acid activation on the adsorption capacity of the clay was investigated by studying various parameters such as contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose, initial pH and adsorbate concentration. Basic Blue 9 (BB9) and Direct Red 28 (DR28) dyes were used as model adsorbates. The results obtained at optimal conditions of 3 hours contact time, 27oC temperature, 0.9 g adsorbent dose, initial pH of 11 and initial adsorbate concentration of 90 mg/L, showed that acid modification of the clay increased its capacity to adsorb BB9 from 96.82% to 99.91%, and DR28 from 86.33% to 95.04%. These findings underscore the positive impact of modifying the raw clay, enhancing its suitability for dye removal applications.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"117 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant species diversity in cocoa and rubber tree landscapes in Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"L. Adahé, Venance-Pâques Gniayou Kouadio, Emmanuel Joël N'gouan Abrou, Olivier N'guessan Yao, Francia Sonmia Affia Kossonou, J. Tondoh, Constant Yves Adou Yao","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.19","url":null,"abstract":"In Côte d’Ivoire, although slash and burn practice, particularly associated with cocoa and rubber farming, have greatly contributed to the degradation of forest cover and biodiversity loss. There is a dearth of studies documenting the latter. A study was conducted in the central-west and southern regions respectively with the objective to bridge this gap by assessing the diversity of trees species in cocoa and rubber landscapes. An inventory of tree species in eighteen cocoa and rubber plantations was conducted respectively in 45 plots of 400 m² each. Also, 15 plots of the same area were delimited in forests considered as reference systems. Cocoa plantations are 8 times richer than rubber plantations. Moreover, tree density varied from 36 to 56.8 stems.ha-1 in cocoa plantations including 6 species with special-status for conservation and from 0 to 5 stems.ha-1 in rubber plantations. This study confirmed that rubber farming is a driver of tree diversity loss thereby revealing the need to work out credible rubber agroforestry options. As for cocoa farming, the high diversity of companion trees is indicative of the high potential of transitioning to cocoa agroforestry. The contribution of this study to agroecological transition based on cocoa and rubber agroforestry in Côte d’Ivoire is discussed.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"124 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Feeding Groups responses of temporary ponds macroinvertebrates in Natiokobadara dam lake area (North of Côte d'Ivoire)","authors":"L. M. Yapo, Mathieu Kobenan Kra, Junior Yomi Simmou, D. Diomandé","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.18","url":null,"abstract":"Temporary ponds are small, shallow bodies of water, rich in biodiversity, but most often neglected. The aim of this study was to investigate the Functional Feeding Groups (FFGs) responses of the macrofauna of three ponds in Natiokobadara dam lake. On each pond, a three month samplings of macroinvertebrates from January to March 2022 using a kick-net was carried out. Similarly, on each pond and during each campaign, measurements of environmental variables were carried out either in situ or in the laboratory. A total of 64 taxa of aquatic macroinvertebrates belonging to 33 families, 11 orders and 04 classes were recorded. Insects were the most diversified, accounting for 79.68% of the taxonomic richness. Five major FFGs were identified in this study: predators, scrapers, shredders, gatherers-collectors and filter-collectors, with predators dominating, followed by gatherers-collectors. The P/R ratio indicated that all three ponds were heterotrophic. The predator top-down ratio revealed an overabundance of predators. Only the riparian zones of pond P1 were functional. The Focused Principal Component Analysis found a correlation between low pH values and the abundance of predators and scrapers. There was also a correlation between high nitrate levels and gatherers-collectors abundance. The FFGs and aquatic macroinvertebrate attributes used to describe the state of these ponds revealed that they were highly disturbed.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"102 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance profile of pathogenic strains isolated from community acquired infection at the Protestant Hospital of Ngaoundere (Cameroon)","authors":"B. Talom, Destin Haiwe Dahara, Francky Steve Sohanang Nodem, Cyrille Léonel Tchuenté Djoko, Nicodème Yangai Sodea, Ermoult Xavier Damoulaye, Rosine Carmène Diffo Heymata","doi":"10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v17i6.6","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide data show that there is increasing resistance among infection bacteria to conventional drugs. The present study aimed at determining data on susceptibility of bacteria isolated from patient for community acquired infection in Protestant Hospital of Ngaoundere against prescribed antibiotics in case of infections by these bacteria. Bacteriological profile of collected samples (stool, urine, cervico-vaginal and urethral secretion, blood) was carry out by standard method. Antibiotic susceptibility was done by the agar disk diffusion method. A total of 120 samples were collected. Among 46 samples was positive for bacterial infections germs (38% of prevalence). Stomach pain represents the most frequent complaint of patients (33.1%). Enterobacteriaceae were the most isolated (70%) followed by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (15%). About 73.0% of Enterobacteriaceae identified were resistant to ticarcillin while 80% of N. gonorrhoeae to ampicillin. Some of the isolates were resistant to ticarpen (73%), oxacillin (71%) and tobramycin (57%) which are more frequently prescribed and indicates that increased consumption of a particular antibiotic leads to acquisition of resistance. Enterobacteriaceae were predominant bacterial isolated and it is necessary to continue monitoring the consumption of antibiotics to ensure good management of infections.","PeriodicalId":13808,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences","volume":"114 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}