Ius Humani. Law Journal最新文献_第4页

Termination of Contractual Obligations in the Civil Code of Ukraine

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2019-11-16 DOI: 10.31207/ih.v8i0.218

A. Kostruba

{"title":"Termination of Contractual Obligations in the Civil Code of Ukraine","authors":"A. Kostruba","doi":"10.31207/ih.v8i0.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v8i0.218","url":null,"abstract":"A contract is a means for self-organization and self-regulation of civil and legal relations between parties in the Civil Code of Ukraine. A distinguishing feature of a contractual obligation is the dependence of the beginning of a legal fact in its structure on the lawful will of a party (act) to a legal transaction or objective circumstance of reality (events). The objective of the paper is to study the mechanism of termination of obligations by determining the legal framework for its functioning. The specificity of legal facts of normative-compensating nature was determined by the use of normative and protective functions in the legislation. Civil property and its legal regulation of relations are aimed at achieving the legal result determined by their participants at the stage of the exercise of rights. The study reveals that the compensating effect of the legal termination mechanism is expressed at the stage of legal termination, which involves compensating the inability to correct a defect of a legal fact that hinders the achievement of a goal of legal regulation when exercising the right to the start of an anticipated legal effect according to a legal model of legal subjects accepted by the participants of the civil relations. The author dwells upon one of the forms of termination of contractual obligations, more specifically, on the beginning of cancellation and on the deferred status of a legal transaction.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121424979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

American Religious Liberty: An International Perspective 美国宗教自由:一个国际视角

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.31207/ih.v8i0.217

John Witte, Jr.

{"title":"American Religious Liberty: An International Perspective","authors":"John Witte, Jr.","doi":"10.31207/ih.v8i0.217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v8i0.217","url":null,"abstract":"This Article compares United States religious freedom jurisprudence with prevailing international human rights norms. I distill these international religious freedom norms and evaluate how selected US Supreme Court cases both follow and depart from these norms. Part I identifies six principles of religious freedom defended by the American framers who crafted the First Amendment in 1791: liberty of conscience; free exercise of religion; religious pluralism; religious equality; separation of church and state; and no establishment of religion. Part II summarizes the mostly parallel norms of religious freedom in the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the 1981 UN Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief, and the 1989 Vienna Concluding Document. Part III shows how the US Court’s cases on freedom of conscience, free exercise, and religious equality compare favorably to international standards, although some religious minorities have often not fared well. Some of the Court’s cases defending the principle of separation of church and state mesh well with international concerns for religious autonomy. But the Court’s establishment clause cases have gone well beyond international norms in expunging religion from public schools and removing state aid for religious groups and services. The Article concludes that religious freedom remains a strong constitutional value in American law and culture, but it needs to be better integrated; international religious freedom norms offer valuable lessons to that end.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123757663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Confluencias de la doctrina jurídica de la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana 2008-2018: Análisis de redes 2008-2018年厄瓜多尔宪法法院法律原则的汇合:网络分析

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2019-10-23 DOI: 10.31207/ih.v8i0.210

Efrén Ernesto Guerrero Salgado, Jefferson Eduardo Macias Quisaguano

{"title":"Confluencias de la doctrina jurídica de la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana 2008-2018: Análisis de redes","authors":"Efrén Ernesto Guerrero Salgado, Jefferson Eduardo Macias Quisaguano","doi":"10.31207/ih.v8i0.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v8i0.210","url":null,"abstract":"El propósito de este estudio es demostrar los patrones de interacción de la doctrina en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional Ecuatoriana 2008-2018 utilizando la metodología de análisis de redes sociales. La doctrina es el conjunto de estudios, crítica y análisis de carácter científico realizados por juristas respecto al Derecho. En ese orden de cosas, el papel de “lo que se lee y cita”, es vital para entender el contexto epistemológico usada en la interpretación del Derecho, especialmente escenarios en que los textos canónicos constitucionales pueden ser una interpretación centrada en valores. En el presente texto, se realizó una revisión mediante la metodología del análisis de redes sociales, identificando autores centrales y aceleradores del flujo de información, con fin de encontrar si existe una “línea de conocimiento” común aprovechada por la Corte Constitucional ecuatoriana. Se concluye que a) existe una red de autores en las sentencias de la Corte Constitucional entre los años 2008-2018; b) preponderancia de ciertos doctrinarios principales, y, c) una red bien conectada de sentencias que usan a la doctrina como herramienta para su proceder, o para mejorar la calidad del obiter dicta, elemento que constituye un nuevo espacio para el análisis jurídico y el seguimiento de las decisiones de las altas cortes.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126403097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

La tolerancia en el contexto del interculturalismo 跨文化背景下的宽容

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.31207/ih.v8i0.212

J. Arnaiz

引用次数: 0

Régimen jurídico del acogimiento familiar en el ecuador: avances y lagunas 厄瓜多尔家庭照料的法律制度:进展与差距

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2019-08-14 DOI: 10.31207/IH.V8I0.203

Juan Andrés Jaramillo Valdivieso, Jorge Maldonado

{"title":"Régimen jurídico del acogimiento familiar en el ecuador: avances y lagunas","authors":"Juan Andrés Jaramillo Valdivieso, Jorge Maldonado","doi":"10.31207/IH.V8I0.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/IH.V8I0.203","url":null,"abstract":"Es imperiosa la necesidad de inserción en hogares adecuados de aquellos niños que se hallan en centros de acogida o en situación riesgosa en sus hogares, con el fin de precautelar la integridad de aquellos y su correcto desarrollo. Esta decisión de acogimiento reviste una gran importancia en la vida del menor que claramente afectará a su desarrollo de una manera positiva o negativa. Por ello, el presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar la medida del Acogimiento Familiar de niños o adolescentes desde un punto de vista doctrinario y legislativo, así como su aplicación en el Ecuador. Para ello se usó metodología cualitativa con método de investigación analítico sintético. La estructura del artículo, luego de la introducción, inicia con la conceptualización del acogimiento familiar, resaltando sus características, finalidad así al menor de edad que es sujeto de esta medida; luego se examina las modalidades de acogimiento familiar haciendo énfasis en aquel que se lo realiza en familia extensa; luego se analizan las condiciones requeridas, para finalizar los derechos y responsabilidades del menor acogido. El trabajo concluye, principalmente, que a pesar del desconocimiento aún existente en nuestro país sobre esta medida, el acogimiento familiar aplicado correctamente beneficiará a un sinnúmero de menores que se encuentran en riesgo precautelando su integridad física y mental.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"77 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120940716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Institutional Framework: Intellectual Property and the Impact on Import and Export Operations in Ecuador 制度框架:知识产权及其对厄瓜多尔进出口业务的影响

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-06 DOI: 10.31207/IH.V8I0.202

Paulina Valle Segura, Rubén Méndez Reátegui

{"title":"Institutional Framework: Intellectual Property and the Impact on Import and Export Operations in Ecuador","authors":"Paulina Valle Segura, Rubén Méndez Reátegui","doi":"10.31207/IH.V8I0.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/IH.V8I0.202","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a review based on the economic analysis of the law. In that sense, it analyzes the application of border measures in terms of “the right and its consequences”. This mechanism of precaution applied by the customs in the air, maritime and terrestrial limits foresees the suspension of the customs clearance of the merchandise that may infringe. He therefore resorts to the theoretical-descriptive method to make a consistent description in a context where there are ample perverse incentives for the import and/or export of unauthorized copies. The first section focuses on facilitation against regulation and customs control of trade. Next, the second part addresses the relevance of customs control of import and export goods in Ecuador. The third explores the importance of border measures (criminal and unfair competition). The fourth section considers in a theoretical sense the impact on transaction costs in import and export operations. Finally, the document develops a comparison between national norms and procedures with the type of request for a border measure made by other countries of the Andean community of the United Nations. It is concluded that the adoption of the mechanism can generate high administrative and transaction costs in import and export operations, due to the absence of rules of the game and more efficient automated procedures and under a continuous improvement scheme.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115633233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ius Resistendi: Derechos de participación, garantismo, resistencia y represión a partir de las definiciones de Juan Larrea Holguín Ius Resistendi:参与权利、保证主义、抵抗和镇压，来自Juan Larrea holguin的定义

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2018-12-26 DOI: 10.31207/IH.V7I0.191

G. Andrade

{"title":"Ius Resistendi: Derechos de participación, garantismo, resistencia y represión a partir de las definiciones de Juan Larrea Holguín","authors":"G. Andrade","doi":"10.31207/IH.V7I0.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/IH.V7I0.191","url":null,"abstract":"Las constituciones establecen el marco de las instituciones formales e informales de la democracia. Los partidos políticos, reconocidos por la ley, que consiguen el gobierno y los que se quedan en la oposición, a través de elecciones universales y directas, con procedimientos preestablecidos para la adopción de decisiones políticas, consiguen y conservan el monopolio de la representación democrática formal. Así todo el gobierno, la justicia, la legislación y el poder proceden de las instituciones formales. Pero ¿qué sucede cuando la rebeldía, en forma de derecho de resistencia, está justificada en el marco del derecho positivo y de las mismas instituciones formales? ¿Cómo el ejercicio del derecho de resistencia se convierte en una obligación moral y cívica para resistir a misma ley injusta a través de las formas constitucionalizadas del siempre posible totalitarismo político? Este trabajo, desde un enfoque epistemológico interdisciplinario entre el derecho constitucional y la ciencia política, se plantea el derecho de resistencia como un derecho-garantía, anterior y superior al Estado constitucional, por su origen en el derecho natural, pero que se habilita en una circunstancia extrema, cuando los pilares del Estado moderno se han derrumbado y se encuentra en una situación limítrofe del derecho positivo. El trabajo tiene tres partes: la primera define el marco conceptual sobre el actual debate de la materia; la segunda parte discute sobre los elementos estructurales del poder y del derecho; y la tercera parte sobre los límites conceptuales en la tipicidad jurídica de la acción de resistencia.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129163695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Planned Differences: Argentina’s Universal Child Allowance from a human rights perspective 有计划的差异:从人权的角度看阿根廷的普遍儿童津贴

Ius Humani. Law Journal Pub Date : 2018-11-24 DOI: 10.31207/IH.V7I0.200

Horacio Javier Etchichury

{"title":"Planned Differences: Argentina’s Universal Child Allowance from a human rights perspective","authors":"Horacio Javier Etchichury","doi":"10.31207/IH.V7I0.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31207/IH.V7I0.200","url":null,"abstract":"This article intends to analyze Universal Child Allowance (UCA)—a large-scale conditional cash transfer (CCT) program in Argentina—from a human rights and constitutional perspective. Conditions required in the UCA system—which covers informal and unemployed workers—are compared to those established in family allowances, the contributory program created for registered workers. These differences in treatment are analyzed in connection with the right to equal treatment, taking into account applicable legal materials, including caselaw and theoretical contributions. After describing CCT programs in general and the specific features of UCA, and outlining Argentina’s constitutional and human rights framework, the article describes the specific conditions—maximum income, nationality, maximum number of covered children—applied only to informal and unregistered workers included in the UCA program. Compared to family allowances beneficiaries, workers under UCA have a much lower maximum wage limit to be eligible, and their children must fulfill nationality or legal residence requirements not applicable under the family allowances system. UCA covers only up to five children per family, while family allowances are paid to every child in formal workers’ families, with no restrictions. The article concludes that these planned differences in treatment are not admissible under Argentina’s human rights obligations and constitutional setting. The article also advocates a human rights-based design for social policies, in order to ensure consistency with Argentina’s Constitution and international obligations.","PeriodicalId":138049,"journal":{"name":"Ius Humani. Law Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131476659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1