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The importance of trade and technology for productivity: An empirical assessment across EU regions 贸易和技术对生产力的重要性:跨欧盟地区的实证评估
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100672
Alberto Tidu, Luigi Apuzzo, Stefano Usai
{"title":"The importance of trade and technology for productivity: An empirical assessment across EU regions","authors":"Alberto Tidu,&nbsp;Luigi Apuzzo,&nbsp;Stefano Usai","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the relationship between trade, technology, and regional productivity growth across European Union regions between 2017 and 2023. Leveraging newly available NUTS-2 level data on interregional and international trade flows, we estimate a series of Barro-type growth regressions derived from the Solow model and extended to include institutional quality, foreign direct investment, urbanisation, and the COVID-19 shock. The analysis confirms conditional convergence: less productive regions tend to grow faster, particularly when supported by higher capital intensity and employment in high-tech sectors.</div><div>Trade exposure is positively associated with productivity growth, but this relationship is not uniform. Regions more engaged in extra-EU trade — particularly those exporting final goods beyond the EU or importing capital goods from abroad — experience stronger productivity gains. In contrast, a higher share of final goods exports within the EU is linked to weaker performance, suggesting possible saturation or weaker technological spillovers within the Single Market.</div><div>These findings underscore the importance of trade composition and direction in shaping regional development. They highlight the need for EU policies that enhance technological capacity and facilitate global market access for lagging regions. Supporting targeted integration into global value chains, especially in capital-intensive sectors, may offer a pathway to more equitable productivity growth across the Union.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100672"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multilateral trade liberalization and preference erosion: the case of the United Kingdom Global Tariff 多边贸易自由化与优惠侵蚀:以英国全球关税为例
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100665
Maria Cipollina , Luca Salvatici
{"title":"Multilateral trade liberalization and preference erosion: the case of the United Kingdom Global Tariff","authors":"Maria Cipollina ,&nbsp;Luca Salvatici","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We assess the impact of the UK Global Tariff (UKGT) using detailed data on tariffs and imports from 2012 to 2021 to estimate sectoral elasticities of substitution and compute theoretically consistent tariff margins, which incorporate information on multilateral trade resistance. We quantify the impact of the new UK multilateral trade policy by comparing the 2021 trade data with a counterfactual scenario, assuming that tariffs remained unchanged. Our approach exploits cross-product and cross-country variation in treatment over time to identify which countries/sectors are likely to be negatively/positively affected by the UKGT. Distinguishing between final and intermediate imports also allows us to shed light on the UK's role in global value chains. Our results highlight that trade shocks affect all partners, not just targeted exporters, and that changes in trade costs for some influence the competitiveness and trade flows of others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mapping the transmission of global risk to African food markets 绘制全球风险对非洲粮食市场的传播情况
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100680
Josephine Ama Frempong
{"title":"Mapping the transmission of global risk to African food markets","authors":"Josephine Ama Frempong","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates how global uncertainties — economic, climate, oil market, and geopolitical — transmit into African food markets. Using monthly domestic maize prices from seven African countries as a proxy for domestic food prices and global uncertainty indices from 2006–2023, we apply a TVP-VAR extended joint connectedness model to capture time-varying spillovers. The results show a moderate Total Connectedness Index (TCI) of 11%–17%, with domestic food prices acting mainly as net receivers, reflecting strong external vulnerability. Climate policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk consistently dominate as shock transmitters, while other uncertainties influence domestic food prices indirectly through spillover interactions. Connectedness increases sharply during global crises, particularly the 2007–2008 food and financial crisis and the post-2020 volatility period. The results underscore the need for African countries to integrate global risk tracking into food security planning and develop resilience strategies that mitigate exposure to external uncertainty shocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SPS and TBT measures through the lens of bilateral and GVC-related regulatory distance 通过双边和全球价值链相关监管距离的视角来看待SPS和TBT措施
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100674
Mahdi Ghodsi , Fabio Santeramo
{"title":"SPS and TBT measures through the lens of bilateral and GVC-related regulatory distance","authors":"Mahdi Ghodsi ,&nbsp;Fabio Santeramo","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regulatory framework of international trade is complex and multifaceted, with many countries adopting unilateral measures characterised by unique features and differing in type and objectives. When countries implement measures with diverse goals, trade flows are likely weakened. Dynamics are more complex when commercial relationships are interlinked and involve the entire Global Value Chain (GVC). We compare the impacts of bilateral <em>regulatory distance</em> with those accumulated along the GVCs on bilateral trade. While bilateral regulatory distance tends to lower trade, a higher distance along the GVC is associated with larger trade flows. Moreover, the GVC effects offset those of bilateral distance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Institutional quality, economic development and the performance of VAT 制度质量、经济发展与增值税绩效
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100671
Romain Houssa , Kelbesa Megersa
{"title":"Institutional quality, economic development and the performance of VAT","authors":"Romain Houssa ,&nbsp;Kelbesa Megersa","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the contribution of the Value-added tax (VAT) to tax revenue in a sample of 149 countries and examine how this performance is affected by institutional quality and economic development. Our panel data analysis shows that better institutional quality translates to higher revenue collection – even without VAT adoption. VAT adoption also improves tax revenue collection, even in a weak institutional environment such as in Sub-Saharan Africa, where some earlier studies were unable to find clear positive effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do political parties shape global risk? Evidence from United States presidential leadership and geopolitical volatility 政党会影响全球风险吗?证据来自美国总统的领导力和地缘政治的动荡
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100658
Nasr G. Elbahnasawy , Osama D. Sweidan
{"title":"Do political parties shape global risk? Evidence from United States presidential leadership and geopolitical volatility","authors":"Nasr G. Elbahnasawy ,&nbsp;Osama D. Sweidan","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates whether the political party controlling the U.S. presidency systematically influences the country's geopolitical risk profile. Using monthly data from 1946 to 2025, we employ a vector autoregressive framework to analyze the dynamic, contemporaneous, and conditional effects of presidential party affiliation on U.S. geopolitical risk. Our results reveal no significant direct effect of presidential party identity on geopolitical risk, suggesting broad institutional continuity in U.S. foreign policy. However, we uncover a statistically significant interaction effect: geopolitical risk rises during recessionary periods under Republican administrations, but remains stable under Democratic ones. This asymmetry supports theoretical arguments from the public choice and diversionary conflict literatures, indicating that foreign policy assertiveness may intensify when political ideology intersects with economic stress. In addition, we find that U.S. geopolitical risk is significantly influenced by international spillovers from the geopolitical risks of key allies and rivals. Our findings contribute to the literature on the political economy of foreign policy and provide valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and international observers seeking to understand how domestic politics, economic cycles, and external shocks interact to shape global risk dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The fiscal and current account nexus: Evidence from South Korea 财政和经常账户的关系:来自韩国的证据
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100651
Jaejoon Woo
{"title":"The fiscal and current account nexus: Evidence from South Korea","authors":"Jaejoon Woo","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How well does the twin deficits hypothesis fit South Korean data? This question is crucial because Korea's economy exhibits many characteristics of a small open economy, making it an ideal testing ground. The prospect of rising deficits and debt further underscores the importance of this inquiry. Korea has recently experienced one of the most pronounced debt buildups among advanced economies. Even more concerning, rapid population aging poses a bleak long-term fiscal outlook. Surprisingly, few recent studies have examined this issue for Korea. We fill this gap by carefully analyzing the twin deficits mechanism in Korea from 1986 to 2024. Our findings reveal a real-world case that aligns closely with the textbook small open economy model, thereby contributing to the literature. Across various specifications and measures of discretionary fiscal policy, our regression results consistently show that increases in the budget deficit tend to worsen the current account balance in an almost one-to-one relationship. Specifically, higher budget deficits deteriorate the current account and are accompanied by an appreciation of the real exchange rate, while movements in private saving and investment largely offset each other. Additionally, cointegration tests confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between the two balances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Feldstein–Horioka puzzle revisited: Capital mobility stuck in traffic? 费尔德斯坦-堀冈之谜重现:资本流动受困于交通堵塞?
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100657
Wenjie Zheng
{"title":"The Feldstein–Horioka puzzle revisited: Capital mobility stuck in traffic?","authors":"Wenjie Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2025.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reexamines the Feldstein–Horioka puzzle using data from the IMF World Economic Outlook (WEO) for 196 economies during the 1980–2024 period. Our analysis contributes to the literature through three key insights into capital dynamics. First, in contrast to previous studies, we find relatively low savings-retention coefficients among OECD countries, statistically significant at the 1% level. Second, cross-country comparison reveals pronounced U-shaped patterns in savings-retention coefficients, indicating substantial heterogeneity in capital flows between emerging and developing economies and advanced economies. Third, within-country estimates show that higher GDP per capita is linked to lower savings, implying that wealthier economies retain less. Between-country results indicate that advanced economies exhibit savings-retention coefficients than emerging and developing ones. Finally, we show that a low savings-retention coefficient is a sufficient but not necessary condition for high international capital mobility. As a result, tests of perfect capital mobility should be interpreted as relative rather than absolute measures. Overall, the results suggest that the puzzle persists mainly in emerging Asia economies, but its strength has been decreasing over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oil shock spillovers in emerging markets: Sectoral dynamics of demand, supply, and risk channels 新兴市场的石油冲击溢出效应:需求、供应和风险渠道的部门动态
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100682
Adnan Aslam
{"title":"Oil shock spillovers in emerging markets: Sectoral dynamics of demand, supply, and risk channels","authors":"Adnan Aslam","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how disaggregated oil price shocks (demand, supply, and risk) propagate across emerging market equity sectors. Using quantile Granger causality and time-varying parameter vector autoregression extended-joint connectedness frameworks, the analysis captures both dynamic interactions and responses during major turmoil including US-China trade tensions, COVID-19 pandemic, and Russia-Ukraine conflict. Results reveal strong nonlinear and quantile-dependent effects: demand shocks peak under moderate market conditions, supply shocks affect defensive sectors via inflationary channels, and risk shocks exert pervasive systemic influence across all sectors. Connectedness analysis shows high spillovers, with sectors such as financials, industrials, and materials acting as major transmitters, while healthcare, utilities, and information technology largely absorb shocks. Network analysis further shows risk shocks as the dominant transmitter during crises, temporarily reversing to a net receiver during COVID-19. These findings highlight crisis-sensitive sectoral vulnerabilities, offering actionable insights for investors and policymakers in oil-sensitive emerging markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does military spending kill inclusive growth in Africa? The role of institutions 军事开支扼杀了非洲的包容性增长吗?机构的作用
International Economics Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100679
Borice Augustin Ngounou
{"title":"Does military spending kill inclusive growth in Africa? The role of institutions","authors":"Borice Augustin Ngounou","doi":"10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inteco.2026.100679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The debate over the relationship between military spending and economic progress remains controversial. While several countries face security issues and political instability, many are increasing their defense budgets. However, the impact of this spending on economic growth remains uncertain. This study examines the influence of military spending on inclusive growth in 47 African countries from 1995 to 2021. We propose an inclusive growth quality index (IGQI) optimized for Africa, based on the work of Mlachila et al. (2014). We use panel data models and various statistical techniques, including fixed effects, Driscoll and Kraay, Lewbel 2SLS, and kinky least squares (KLS), to ensure the robustness of our analysis. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between military spending and inclusive growth in Africa, with the exception of North and West Africa, where it hinders growth. We suggest that African decision-makers consolidate the institutional environment to redirect military spending toward productive and inclusive investments, in order to improve the quality of life of their populations in a sustainable manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13794,"journal":{"name":"International Economics","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 100679"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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