The Sedimentary Record最新文献

{"title":"Deep-water Tectono-Stratigraphy at a Plate Boundary Constrained by Large N-Detrital Zircon and Micropaleontological Approaches: Peninsular Ranges Forearc, Baja California, Mexico","authors":"I. Kane, D. Hodgson, S. Hubbard, A. McArthur, M. Poyatos‐Moré, E. Soutter, S. Flint, W. Matthews","doi":"10.2110/001c.37652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/001c.37652","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of sedimentary systems on Earth’s surface is intimately linked to tectonics, therefore, at plate boundaries the stratigraphic archive can unlock the timing and style of tectonism and relative plate motions. Using large-n detrital zircon and micropaleontological analyses, tied to field mapping and data collection, we unravel the timing of strike-slip motion and its influence on the development of a Cretaceous submarine canyon on a long-lived oblique-convergent margin. Structural analysis demonstrates that the canyon bedrock, composed of fluvial rocks (La Bocana Roja Fm., of maximum depositional age (MDA): 93.6±1.1 Ma), underwent both syn- and post-depositional contractional and extensional deformation during the Cenomanian-Turonian in response to dextral strike-slip movement. Relative sea-level rise associated with basin subsidence and hinterland uplift was coincident with incision and fill of a submarine canyon system (Punta Baja Fm., MDA 87.1±1.5 Ma to 84.9±2.0 Ma), which exploited structural lineaments in the bedrock. The canyon was filled by sediment derived from an uplifted magmatic arc during the Coniacian to Santonian, most likely shed from erosional topography associated with plutonic intrusions to the NE. Structural data suggest that oblique dextral strike-slip motion on the Pacific margin controlled the development and location of submarine erosion, and had ended by the earliest Santonian, significantly earlier than previously estimated. Basinward tilting led to uplift, followed by transgression and wave ravinement of the canyon fill, which was then overlain by a shallow-marine to fluvial system. Thus, the canyon was cut, filled, buried, uplifted and rotated basinward, planed off through wave ravinement, and onlapped by shallow-marine to fluvial sediments within an 8 Myr period. Our findings, in part, reconcile contrasting basin evolution models for the Late Mesozoic Pacific margin.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125371651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochronology of Cambrian Sedimentary and Volcanic Rocks in the Illinois Basin: Defining the Illinois Aulacogen","authors":"Jared T. Freiburg, D. Malone, Matthew Huisman","doi":"10.2110/001c.37650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/001c.37650","url":null,"abstract":"The Wabash #1 well, drilled for the Wabash CarbonSAFE Project and located in Vigo County, Indiana, USA, was drilled in early 2020 as a stratigraphic test well to characterize and evaluate the basal Cambrian Mt. Simon Sandstone for carbon dioxide storage (TD=8750 ft; 2667 m). The Wabash #1 well is located along the eastern flank of a newly interpreted Cambrian aulacogen that occurs in western Indiana and eastern Illinois. Here we present 938 new detrital zircon U-Pb ages (LA-ICPMS) from early Cambrian sandstones sampled near the base of the well. A basalt lava flow was penetrated at ~8530 ft (2600 m) and has an 40Ar/39Ar age of 525.03 +/- 1.10 Ma, which represents the first known Cambrian crust in the Illinois Basin. The two sandstone samples from beneath the basalt are dominated by zircons derived from the Midcontinent Granite-Rhyolite terrane. The sandstone samples from above the basalt reflect a mixture of these locally derived Mazatzal and Granite-Rhyolite terrane zircons, but also distal Archean, Grenville, and Yavapai zircons. Each sample has small numbers of Cambrian zircons, which is consistent with those in basal Cambrian sandstones in other deep wells to the west. These early Cambrian detrital zircons and early Cambrian age of the basalt, combined with sediment thickness patterns permit the interpretation of the Illinois aulacogen, which formed during the final stage of Rodinian rifting.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116574245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitalization of Legacy Datasets and Machine Learning Regression Yields Insights for Reservoir Property Prediction and Submarine-Fan Evolution: A Subsurface Example From the Lewis Shale, Wyoming","authors":"T. Martin, Jared Tadla, Z. Jobe","doi":"10.2110/001c.36638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/001c.36638","url":null,"abstract":"Machine-learning algorithms have long aided in geologic property prediction from well-log data, but are primarily used to classify lithology, facies, formation, and rock types. However, more detailed properties (e.g., porosity, grain size) that are important for evaluating hydrocarbon exploration and development activities, as well as subsurface geothermal, CO2 sequestration, and hydrological studies have not been a focus of machine-learning predictions. This study focuses on improving machine-learning regression-based workflows for quantitative geological property prediction (porosity, grain size, XRF geochemistry), using a robust dataset from the Dad Sandstone Member of the Lewis Shale in the Green River Basin, Wyoming. Twelve slabbed cores collected from wells targeting turbiditic sandstones and mudstones of the Dad Sandstone member provide 1212.2 ft. of well-log and core data to test the efficacy of five machine-learning models, ranging in complexity from multivariate linear regression to deep neural networks. Our results demonstrate that gradient-boosted decision-tree models (e.g., CatBoost, XGBoost) are flexible in terms of input data completeness, do not require scaled data, and are reliably accurate, with the lowest or second lowest root mean squared error (RMSE) for every test. Deep neural networks, while used commonly for these applications, never achieved lowest error for any of the testing. We also utilize newly collected XRF geochemistry and grain-size data to constrain spatiotemporal sediment routing, sand-mud partitioning, and paleo-oceanographic redox conditions in the Green River Basin. Test-train dataset splitting traditionally uses randomized inter-well data, but a blind well testing strategy is more applicable to most geoscience applications that aim to predict properties of new, unseen well locations. We find that using inter-well training datasets are more optimistic when applied to blind wells, with a median difference of 0.58 RMSE when predicting grain size in phi units. Using these data and results, we establish a baseline workflow for applying machine-learning regression algorithms to core-based reservoir properties from well-log and core-image data. We hope that our findings and open-source code and datasets released with this paper will serve as a baseline for further research to improve geological property prediction for sustainable earth-resource modeling.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129078556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-sediment Supply Can Control Fluvial Deposit Architecture: An Example From the Blackhawk Formation-Castlegate Sandstone Transition, Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA","authors":"E. Chamberlin, E. Hajek","doi":"10.2110/001c.36334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/001c.36334","url":null,"abstract":"The arrangement of channel and floodplain deposits in alluvial basins reflects the balance of subsidence, sediment supply, and channel avulsion behavior during accumulation. Approaches for reconstructing tectonic and climatic histories from alluvial architecture generally assume that floodplain preservation is primarily a function of channel mobility relative to long-term sediment-accumulation rate; however, the amount of mud supplied to a river network can significantly impact the baseline accumulation of fine-grained deposits in alluvial basins. Here we evaluate preserved fine-sediment volume fractions at the bedform, reach, and outcrop scale across the transition from the mudstone-dominated Blackhawk Formation to the sandstone-dominated Lower Castlegate Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA). Results show a nearly 50% decrease in mud abundance across the Blackhawk-Castlegate transition at a range of morphodynamic scales (mud percent in bed material: 28.4% to 14.1%, interbar fine deposits: 39.6% to 22.1%, and outcrop architecture: 58% to 16%). This decrease in fine-grained sediment coincides with an abrupt increase in quartz abundance from Blackhawk to Castlegate sands, suggesting that unroofing quartz-rich source rock caused significant regional changes in the alluvial deposits. This result shows that changes in sediment supply grain size are detectable from bed to landscape scales and can cause major changes in stratigraphic architecture. This method of comparing sand-to-mud ratios can be broadly applied in other fluvial successions and in source-to-sink transects to better reconstruct mud fluxes through ancient fluvial networks and to investigate how rivers respond to changes in fine-sediment availability.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124503039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentary record of annual-decadal timescale reservoir dynamics: Anthropogenic stratigraphy of Lake Powell, Utah, U.S.A.","authors":"C. Johnson, J. C. Root, S. Hynek, J. Schmidt","doi":"10.2110/sedred.2022.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2022.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The tributaries of Lake Powell were impounded following construction of Glen Canyon Dam, resulting in deposition of reservoir sediment over a ∼650 km2 area since 1963. These units have been exposed through erosion as water storage in Lake Powell has decreased since 2000. This anthropogenic sedimentary record reflects the complex interplay among wet and dry periods of Colorado River runoff and the reservoir operating rules of Lake Powell. The relevant sedimentary exposures are mapped at reconnaissance level over 300 river-km above Glen Canyon Dam in canyons of the Colorado, San Juan, Escalante, and Dirty Devil Rivers. A detailed reference section measured in Calf Canyon, a tributary to the Colorado River, preserves more than 12 m of lacustrine, mainstem Colorado River, and local tributary sediment in an up-river location and elevation that is determined to have been inundated only during the highest reservoir level periods. At Calf Canyon, exposed reservoir sediment is comprised of cyclic sand-mud interbeds that record periods of deposition when reservoir level was at or above full pool. Six depositional cycles are identified in Calf Canyon, and each of these is interpreted to represent rapid sand deposition during Colorado River flood events (likely related to spring snowmelt runoff) followed by deposition of lacustrine mud while reservoir levels were high. The lacustrine mud units display significant pedogenic modification, indicating exposure and colonization dominated by tamarisk plants, prior to deposition of the next sand unit. High-precision elevation surveys of the 6 main lacustrine marker beds in Calf Canyon are correlated to multiple lake level highstands between 1975 and 2000. Preliminary observations suggest that age-equivalent strata are widespread within the reservoir-affected zones of all major tributaries including the Colorado and San Juan River arms as well as the Escalante and Dirty Devil Rivers. We predict that future mapping in other Lake Powell side canyons will demonstrate strong local control on sediment provenance, dictated by side canyon lithology, as well as time-transgressive deposition (and erosion) moving up and down the main canyons.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130165251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcrop conservation: Promoting accessibility, inclusivity, and reproducibility through digital preservation","authors":"B. Burnham, C. Bond, P. Flaig, Dolores van der Kolk, D. Hodgetts","doi":"10.2110/sedred.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Outcrops are routinely used for research and education purposes, and are a key component of geoscientific training. Fundamentally, re-evaluation of outcrop observations and reproducibility of results is critical for scientific advancement. Accessibility to the field and outcrops, however, remain problematic for several technical and societal reasons. Advances in the application of digital outcrop models to geoscience research and training have seen a significant rise in recent years due to technological innovation and user-friendly workflows. Herein we discuss the necessity to digitally capture outcrops to preserve them and the natural landscapes that have shaped the Geosciences. Examples of outcrop re-evaluation that reflect sedimentological concept and technique advances, only possible with digital outcrops, is presented. Digitally preserved outcrops’ role as milieus for increased accessibility, inclusivity, and scientific reproducibility is discussed. The time has never been more appropriate, and the tools never more accessible, to preserve outcrops and promote a more open and inclusive environment for geoscience research, education, and training.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123801319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The revolutionary impact of the Deep Time concept: Geology’s modernity and societal implications","authors":"A. Fildani","doi":"10.2110/sedred.2022.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2022.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"I propose throughout this short op-ed that Geology, as one of the most recently established core sciences, is the one most at risk of societal misinterpretation precisely because of its innovativeness. The discovery of ‘deep time’ and the revelation of temporal change were triggered by the advance of geological methodology, which pushed the boundary of the scientific establishment of the time (1). These discoveries had profound societal implications that are deeply embedded into the scientific progress of the last few centuries but we, at times even geologists ourselves, still struggle to fully embrace the historical aspect of geology, instead accepting it as a ‘derivative’ of the physical sciences (2). By the end of this op-ed I will reason that geology expands on the physical sciences and should be involved at all decision-making levels, and that geologic literacy should become a top priority in terms of public education and policy making.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125881707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Ocean Drilling and Sedimentary Geoscience: Decades of Discovery and a Vision for the Future","authors":"B. Romans","doi":"10.2110/sedred.2021.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2021.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114652513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentary graphic logs: A template for description and a toolkit for digitalization","authors":"Z. Jobe, Nick C. Howes, John M. Martin, Ross G. Meyer, Daniel S. Coutts, P. Hou, L. Stright, F. Laugier","doi":"10.2110/sedred.2021.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2021.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133366085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dying to know: Death during geological fieldwork","authors":"M. Cantine","doi":"10.2110/sedred.2021.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2021.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Fieldwork is a common element of geological research and education, and it involves many types of risk and reward. This study introduces a database of historical deaths during geological fieldwork to understand the causes of death, the most extreme consequence of physical risk, in the field. Most deaths in the field are unintentional. The database shows that vehicles and environmental risks from terrain, climate, and animals cause most unintentional deaths in the field. Most intentional deaths in the field result from conflict between geologists and community members, often related to land rights or political strife. Causes of geologist deaths in the field are compared to visitor deaths in the US National Parks and US workplace fatalities generally, revealing similarities and differences. This study highlights the central importance of site selection in managing risk during fieldwork. It also makes recommendations for how these data might inform teaching, research, and recruitment, especially regarding risk mitigation and student conceptions of workplace safety.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134274937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}