细沉积物供给控制河流沉积构型——以美国犹他州上白垩统黑鹰组-卡斯勒盖特砂岩过渡为例

E. Chamberlin, E. Hajek
{"title":"细沉积物供给控制河流沉积构型——以美国犹他州上白垩统黑鹰组-卡斯勒盖特砂岩过渡为例","authors":"E. Chamberlin, E. Hajek","doi":"10.2110/001c.36334","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The arrangement of channel and floodplain deposits in alluvial basins reflects the balance of subsidence, sediment supply, and channel avulsion behavior during accumulation. Approaches for reconstructing tectonic and climatic histories from alluvial architecture generally assume that floodplain preservation is primarily a function of channel mobility relative to long-term sediment-accumulation rate; however, the amount of mud supplied to a river network can significantly impact the baseline accumulation of fine-grained deposits in alluvial basins. Here we evaluate preserved fine-sediment volume fractions at the bedform, reach, and outcrop scale across the transition from the mudstone-dominated Blackhawk Formation to the sandstone-dominated Lower Castlegate Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA). Results show a nearly 50% decrease in mud abundance across the Blackhawk-Castlegate transition at a range of morphodynamic scales (mud percent in bed material: 28.4% to 14.1%, interbar fine deposits: 39.6% to 22.1%, and outcrop architecture: 58% to 16%). This decrease in fine-grained sediment coincides with an abrupt increase in quartz abundance from Blackhawk to Castlegate sands, suggesting that unroofing quartz-rich source rock caused significant regional changes in the alluvial deposits. This result shows that changes in sediment supply grain size are detectable from bed to landscape scales and can cause major changes in stratigraphic architecture. This method of comparing sand-to-mud ratios can be broadly applied in other fluvial successions and in source-to-sink transects to better reconstruct mud fluxes through ancient fluvial networks and to investigate how rivers respond to changes in fine-sediment availability.","PeriodicalId":137898,"journal":{"name":"The Sedimentary Record","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Fine-sediment Supply Can Control Fluvial Deposit Architecture: An Example From the Blackhawk Formation-Castlegate Sandstone Transition, Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA\",\"authors\":\"E. Chamberlin, E. Hajek\",\"doi\":\"10.2110/001c.36334\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The arrangement of channel and floodplain deposits in alluvial basins reflects the balance of subsidence, sediment supply, and channel avulsion behavior during accumulation. Approaches for reconstructing tectonic and climatic histories from alluvial architecture generally assume that floodplain preservation is primarily a function of channel mobility relative to long-term sediment-accumulation rate; however, the amount of mud supplied to a river network can significantly impact the baseline accumulation of fine-grained deposits in alluvial basins. Here we evaluate preserved fine-sediment volume fractions at the bedform, reach, and outcrop scale across the transition from the mudstone-dominated Blackhawk Formation to the sandstone-dominated Lower Castlegate Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA). Results show a nearly 50% decrease in mud abundance across the Blackhawk-Castlegate transition at a range of morphodynamic scales (mud percent in bed material: 28.4% to 14.1%, interbar fine deposits: 39.6% to 22.1%, and outcrop architecture: 58% to 16%). This decrease in fine-grained sediment coincides with an abrupt increase in quartz abundance from Blackhawk to Castlegate sands, suggesting that unroofing quartz-rich source rock caused significant regional changes in the alluvial deposits. This result shows that changes in sediment supply grain size are detectable from bed to landscape scales and can cause major changes in stratigraphic architecture. This method of comparing sand-to-mud ratios can be broadly applied in other fluvial successions and in source-to-sink transects to better reconstruct mud fluxes through ancient fluvial networks and to investigate how rivers respond to changes in fine-sediment availability.\",\"PeriodicalId\":137898,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"The Sedimentary Record\",\"volume\":\"29 1\",\"pages\":\"0\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-07-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"The Sedimentary Record\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2110/001c.36334\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"The Sedimentary Record","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2110/001c.36334","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2

摘要

冲积盆地中河道与漫滩沉积物的排列反映了沉积过程中沉降、泥沙供给和河道崩解行为的平衡。从冲积结构重建构造和气候历史的方法通常认为,洪泛平原的保存主要是相对于长期沉积堆积速率的河道流动性的函数;然而,供应给河网的泥浆量会显著影响冲积盆地细粒沉积物的基线堆积。在这里,我们评估了从泥岩为主的黑鹰组到砂岩为主的下Castlegate砂岩(美国犹他州上白垩统)过渡期间,在床形、河段和露头尺度上保存的细沉积物体积分数。结果表明,在各种形态动力学尺度上,黑鹰—卡斯勒盖特过渡期间的泥浆丰度下降了近50%(泥浆在床层物质中的比例为28.4% ~ 14.1%,砂坝间细粒沉积物中的比例为39.6% ~ 22.1%,露头构造中的比例为58% ~ 16%)。细粒沉积物的减少与从黑鹰到卡斯特盖特砂的石英丰度突然增加相吻合,这表明剥落的富含石英的烃源岩引起了冲积矿床的重大区域变化。这一结果表明,从床层到景观尺度,沉积物供应粒度的变化都可以检测到,并可能导致地层结构的重大变化。这种比较砂泥比的方法可以广泛应用于其他河流序列和源-汇样带,以更好地重建古代河流网络中的泥通量,并研究河流如何响应细沉积物可用性的变化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fine-sediment Supply Can Control Fluvial Deposit Architecture: An Example From the Blackhawk Formation-Castlegate Sandstone Transition, Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA
The arrangement of channel and floodplain deposits in alluvial basins reflects the balance of subsidence, sediment supply, and channel avulsion behavior during accumulation. Approaches for reconstructing tectonic and climatic histories from alluvial architecture generally assume that floodplain preservation is primarily a function of channel mobility relative to long-term sediment-accumulation rate; however, the amount of mud supplied to a river network can significantly impact the baseline accumulation of fine-grained deposits in alluvial basins. Here we evaluate preserved fine-sediment volume fractions at the bedform, reach, and outcrop scale across the transition from the mudstone-dominated Blackhawk Formation to the sandstone-dominated Lower Castlegate Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous, Utah, USA). Results show a nearly 50% decrease in mud abundance across the Blackhawk-Castlegate transition at a range of morphodynamic scales (mud percent in bed material: 28.4% to 14.1%, interbar fine deposits: 39.6% to 22.1%, and outcrop architecture: 58% to 16%). This decrease in fine-grained sediment coincides with an abrupt increase in quartz abundance from Blackhawk to Castlegate sands, suggesting that unroofing quartz-rich source rock caused significant regional changes in the alluvial deposits. This result shows that changes in sediment supply grain size are detectable from bed to landscape scales and can cause major changes in stratigraphic architecture. This method of comparing sand-to-mud ratios can be broadly applied in other fluvial successions and in source-to-sink transects to better reconstruct mud fluxes through ancient fluvial networks and to investigate how rivers respond to changes in fine-sediment availability.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信