{"title":"Do Architectural Knowledge Product Measures Make a Difference in GSD?","authors":"V. Clerc","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.60","url":null,"abstract":"Architectural knowledge (i.e., architectural decisions and underlying rationale) is pivotal in grasping the level of quality of software architectures and the software products that implement these architectures. When the software products are developed in a global software development context, architectural knowledge becomes of even greater importance because it is needed to overcome challenges associated with global software development. We have performed research on a series of software product assessments to identify what key elements that constitute architectural knowledge are actually used in software products. In addition, we have determined whether a difference exists in the use of the key elements in products that were developed using GSD versus products developed using local, single site development. Our results do not show a significant difference between these two groups, but do point at a lack of both view-based architecture descriptions and of the description of solution fragments in products developed using GSD.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116037968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Descriptive Analysis of Fear and Distrust in Early Phases of GSD Projects","authors":"A. Piri, Tuomas Niinimäki, C. Lassenius","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.18","url":null,"abstract":"When globally distributed software development (GSD) is understood as knowledge intensive collaborative work, many of the reasons for problems encountered in GSD projects can be traced back to social conditions framing the collaboration between people at onsite and offsite. A total of 59 interviews were conducted in 8 GSD projects of two major software companies located in Finland. As a result of categorization of problems related to group relations in GSD projects, the lack of trust between onsite and offsite and fears of losing jobs at onsite was found as major problems in the early phases of the projects. Our analysis suggests that poorly communicated reasons GSD can cause severe problems in collaboration between people by laying the ground for fears and for distrust between sites. The study contributes to the GSD research by creating a novel empirical description of the linkages between fear and distrust in GSD.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"07 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127138561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard Egan, M. Tremaine, J. Fjermestad, Suling Zhang, A. Milewski, P. O'Sullivan
{"title":"How Urgent is Urgent? The Impact of Culturally-Based Temporal Perceptions on Virtual Teams","authors":"Richard Egan, M. Tremaine, J. Fjermestad, Suling Zhang, A. Milewski, P. O'Sullivan","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.40","url":null,"abstract":"In this poster, we present the results from a survey and interviews conducted on global software teams working in Ireland, the US, China and India. Our survey and semi-structured interviews investigated the effect of culturally-based time differences between non-collocated team members. An analysis of the survey data found that differences in temporal urgency, that is, the general sense a person has that time is running short and one has to hurry, significantly lowered the communication quality of teams which, in turn, negatively affected both the trust and satisfaction of the team members. The follow-up interviews corroborated these results and provided a picture of cultures with a high sense of urgency working more effectively with each other. Overall, our work suggests that although virtual team members belong to a single corporate culture, there is an overriding influence of their nation’s sense of time which affects cross-cultural interactions","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125461151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Bartelt, M. Broy, Christoph Herrmann, E. Knauss, M. Kuhrmann, A. Rausch, Bernhard Rumpe, K. Schneider
{"title":"Orchestration of Global Software Engineering Projects - Position Paper","authors":"Christian Bartelt, M. Broy, Christoph Herrmann, E. Knauss, M. Kuhrmann, A. Rausch, Bernhard Rumpe, K. Schneider","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.52","url":null,"abstract":"Global software engineering has become a fact in many companies due to real necessity in practice. In contrast to co-located projects global projects face a number of additional software engineering challenges. Among them quality management has become much more difficult and schedule and budget overruns can be observed more often. Compared to co-located projects global software engineering is even more challenging due to the need for integration of different cultures, different languages, and different time zones – across companies, and across countries. The diversity of development locations on several levels seriously endangers an effective and goal-oriented progress of projects. In this position paper we discuss reasons for global development, sketch settings for distribution and views of orchestration of dislocated companies in a global project that can be seen as a “virtual project environment”. We also present a collection of questions, which we consider relevant for global software engineering. The questions motivate further discussion to derive a research agenda in global software engineering.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126713800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Technological Support Can Enable Advantages of Agile Software Development in a GSE Setting","authors":"K. Dullemond, Ben van Gameren, R. Solingen","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.22","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the distance between the dispersed development locations, Global Software Engineering (GSE) is confronted with challenges regarding communication, coordination and control of the development work. At the same time, agile software development is strongly built upon communication between engineers and has proven its benefits, although, mostly on one single site. As such, it might be advantageous to combine GSE with agile development. This blend however is not straightforward since the distributed and agile development approaches might have conflicting convictions. In this paper we will discuss the advantages and challenges of combining GSE with agile development based on a theoretical, literature-based research. The main results presented in this paper are: (i) aspects of agile software development, (ii) benefits and challenges associated with these in relation to GSE, (iii) categories of technological support for agile GSE and (iv) a framework depicting the mutual relations among them.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124677751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Sourcing of Software Development - A Review of Tools and Services","authors":"R. Martignoni","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.47","url":null,"abstract":"Software services in a globally distributed environment face signi¿cant management challenges. All phases of the software life-cycle need to be aligned to the distributed development environment. This challenge has been led to the development of a variety of tools and services. This paper identi¿es tools and services aiming at the optimisation of the globally distributed software development. Software-as-a-service seems to be a promising approach to optimise the globally distributed software development. The characteristics and advantages of Software-as-a-service in regards to globally distributed software development are discussed. The paper concludes with a closing discussion of the identi¿ed tools and services.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130862020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Empirical Approach for the Assessment of Scheduling Risk in a Large Globally Distributed Industrial Software Project","authors":"Alberto Avritzer, A. Lima","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.53","url":null,"abstract":"We describe an empirical approach for the assessment of the scheduling risk in a large globally distributed industrial software project. We analyzed two and half years of project data and we identified some factors that are likely to impact team productivity and that could affect the team’s ability to meet its schedule objective. We built an analytical model to capture team’s productivity variability, which can be used to approximate the total time required to complete the project. Our approach is designed to be used by project management groups to perform risk assessment early in the software development process.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130059943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge Management in Distributed Software Development Teams - Does Culture Matter?","authors":"A. Boden, G. Avram, L. Bannon, V. Wulf","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.10","url":null,"abstract":"Software development requires complex context specific knowledge regarding the particularities of different technologies, the potential of existing software and the needs and expectations of the users. Hence, efficient knowledge management counts amongst the most important challenges for software teams. In international teams, one of the most important issues regarding knowledge sharing is the impact of culture under different aspects: national, organizational and professional. There seem to be very few studies dealing with the issue of culture in regard to knowledge management practices in GSE. We want to contribute to the discussion by presenting case studies of small size software teams dealing with international software development in the context of offshoring. In doing so, we illustrate how cultural and social issues influence the way knowledge exchange is performed by analyzing several knowledge management practices, considering the role of meetings, artifacts and tools, knowledge brokers and mutual visits between sites.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"344 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132300948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Scrum in Global Software Development: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Emam Hossain, M. Babar, Hye-young Paik","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.25","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing interest in applying agile practices in Global Software Development (GSD) projects. The literature on using Scrum, one of the most popular agile approaches, in distributed development projects has steadily been growing. However, there has not been any effort to systematically select, review, and synthesize the literature on this topic. We have conducted a systematic literature review of the primary studies that report using Scrum practices in GSD projects. Our search strategy identified 366 papers, of which 20 were identified as primary papers relevant to our research. We extracted data from these papers to identify various challenges of using Scrum in GSD. Current strategies to deal with the identified challenges have also been extracted. This paper presents the review’s findings that are expected to help researchers and practitioners to understand the challenges involved in using Scrum for GSD projects and the strategies available to deal with them.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129866046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Offshoring Test Automation: Observations and Lessons Learned","authors":"I. Tervonen, T. Mustonen","doi":"10.1109/ICGSE.2009.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICGSE.2009.30","url":null,"abstract":"Offshoring (offshore outsourcing) is increasingly used in software-centric projects, specifically in the development phases of software projects. Using a mixture of onsite local staff and remote offshore staff in business-centric projects, such as business consulting, requirements elicitation and software testing, put many challenges to team organizing, charter definition and offshore personnel skills. This study considers challenges of test automation in a company which has been doing offshoring before. The challenges were studied with three test automation offshoring cases that were carried out by Nokia Oyj. Although the subcontractors fulfilled the expectations set by the customer in all cases, subcontractors’ unfamiliarity with test tools to be used and with software to be tested caused extra meetings and training sessions. Lack of resources in the customer’s side also caused additional maintenance work onshore.","PeriodicalId":137777,"journal":{"name":"2009 Fourth IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126280186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}