中華輔導與諮商學報最新文献

{"title":"文化心理劇對成員在孝道困境中親子互動的改變效益","authors":"賴念華 賴念華, 張祐誠 Nien-Hwa Lai, 魏大紘 Yu-Cheng Chang, 張哲恩 Ta-Hung Wei","doi":"10.53106/172851862023010066004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862023010066004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本研究目的為探討文化心理劇對孝道下親子互動困難的改變效益，以焦點團體訪談參與連續17週心理劇團體之碩士班學生，採用主題分析法進行分析。研究結果首先呈現家庭系統與歷史、孝道困境的親子互動與文化議題，以及帶來之轉化；接著了解成員參與團體後，對父母眼中孝順觀點之認識：包括子女順服嚴格管教方為「孝」、承接父母情緒逆來順受方為「孝」、夫妻衝突子女站隊支持方為「孝」、隨侍老邁父母不遠遊方為「孝」、子女犧牲自我成龍成鳳方為「孝」；以及子女之回應為五類：「壓抑情緒以維持家中和諧」、「努力表現以完成父母期待」、「受困過往經驗而深陷情緒」、「陽奉陰違內心疏離避免衝突」、「直面衝突卻深陷自責與愧疚」。最後，研究發現文化心理劇能帶給子女有六項改變：「覺察過往壓抑情緒，學會真實表達」、「重看過往傷害，帶出現關係中自我的理解」、「勇於面對衝突學到新因應模式」、「理解父母文化脈絡，帶出寬容與接納」、「重新定義『孝』，發展新的親子互動關係」、「突破孝道困境，憶起過往親子互動情誼」。依據結果探討子女在文化中的內在糾結，以及文化心理劇促進子女對「孝」的重新定義，帶來的親子關係改變效益。\u0000 This study investigated the effectiveness of culture-specific psychodrama on changing participants’ parent-child interactions regarding filial piety. A focused group interview was conducted with master’s students who participated in an ongoing psychodrama group lasting 17 weeks. A qualitative analysis of the interview yielded the following results. First, adult children experienced difficulties in five areas of parent-child interactions: (1) parents’ hierarchical disciplinary attitudes, (2) parents’ emotional and behavioral problems, (3) spousal issues between parents, (4) the pressures accompanying the responsibility of caring for parents, and (5) parents’ ardent expectations of the children. Second, five positions were noted in response to these difficulties: (1) strenuous efforts for maintaining harmony in the face of family conflicts; (2) suppression of inner conflicts that accompanied the responsibilities in the role of a child, (3) being trapped in the pain inflicted by parents’ past behaviors, (4) avoiding interactions and becoming emotionally withdrawn, and (5) anger and self-blame resulting from direct conflicts. Third, six changes were brought about by culture-specific psychodrama: (1) gaining awareness and accepting one’s own feelings, (2) clarifying the impact of painful past experiences, (3) gaining clarity of boundaries regarding their sense of responsibility in their tense relationships, (4) showing deep and comprehensive understanding of parents’ cultural backgrounds, (5) becoming more flexible when conflicts arise in the relationship, and (6) increasing emotional interactions between the parents and children. Based on these results, we discussed the inner conflicts experienced by children belonging toin this culture, as well as the children’s growing understanding of the sociocultural landscape delineated by culture-specific psychodrama and its effectiveness on changing the parent-child relationship.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130864997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"職業軍人特質正念與組織公民行為之關係研究—以心理資本為中介變項","authors":"楊靜怡 楊靜怡","doi":"10.53106/172851862023010066001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862023010066001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本研究旨在探討職業軍人特質正念、心理資本與組織公民行為表現間的關係，並檢證心理資本在特質正念與組織公民行為間所扮演的中介角色。本研究採用立意取樣調查法，以陸軍職業軍人為對象，共蒐集407份問卷，並運用結構方程模式的統計方法探究變項間的關係。研究結果現：（1）特質正念對組織公民行為不具有顯著的正向關聯；（2）特質正念對心理資本具有顯著的正向關聯；（3）心理資本對組織公民行為具有顯著的正向關聯；（4）心理資本在特質正念與組織公民行為間扮演完全中介角色。由研究結果可知，職業軍人的特質正念對組織公民行為的直接關聯雖不明顯，卻可經由提升正向心理資本，增進官兵在奉公與利他的行為表現。最後，研究者依據研究結果提出建議，提供部隊實務工作者、相關諮商與輔導人員以及未來研究之參考。\u0000 Context and Object: Military organizations differ in nature from other organizations. The professionalism of military organization members is demonstrated in the implementation of \"ultimate liability,\" which means to protect national security and make sacrifices for the well-being of the people at any point of time. Assisting soldiers to actively engage in organizational citizenship behaviors and become good organizational citizens is an important method to enhance their professionalism and \"ultimate liability.\" Previous studies have shown that in the workplace, employees with more positive psychological and emotional capital tend to express more organizational citizenship behaviors. However, these results are mainly from studies on corporate employees; it is unknown if this is also true for military personnel. In addition, prior research on organizational citizenship behavior has rarely explored the possible effects of the positive psychological state. To fill these gaps, this study focused on soldiers as research targets and explored the relationship between trait mindfulness, psychological capital, and organizational citizenship behavior. Simultaneously, it verified the mediating effect of psychological capital between trait mindfulness and organizational citizenship behavior. Method: The study used purposive sampling; 407 soldiers from the two army camps in Taiwan were selected and analyzed using the structural equation model. Results: The results showed that: (1) trait mindfulness had no significant association with organizational citizenship behavior (path coefficient value β = 0.00, p > .05); (2) trait mindfulness had a significant positive association with psychological capital (path coefficient value β = 0.40, p < .001); (3)psychological capital had a significant positive relationship with organizational citizenship behavior (path coefficient value β = 0.83, p < .001); (4)psychological capital completely mediated the relationship between trait mindfulness and organizational citizenship behavior (indirect effect value β = 0.33, p < .05, 95% confidence interval did not contain 0). Conclusion and Suggestion: From the results, it can be seen that although the direct relationship between the soldiers’ trait mindfulness and organizational citizenship behavior was not obvious, trait mindfulness can indirectly improve their organizational citizenship behavior performance by enhancing other positive psychological capital. In summary, the contributions of this study are as follows: first, it expanded the application and research scope of mindfulness in the military field. It showed that mindfulness can be used to p","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122034028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"弱勢學生的生涯促進：融入差異化概念發展同儕支持生涯服務方案與實施","authors":"吳淑禎 吳淑禎","doi":"10.53106/172851862023010066003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862023010066003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本研究旨在發展適用生涯發展不利弱勢學生之同儕支持生涯服務方案並評估其實施成效。研究採行動研究法，根據訪談及參考生涯、差異化教學與同儕支持概念，發展方案，計有14個單元，包含：相見歡、成長回顧、自我探索、讀書與學習策略、優勢整合、生涯資源蒐集應用、科系探索、職業探索、未來目標、生涯抉擇、履歷製作、時間管理、行動計畫、以及回顧與祝福等單元。本研究與二個非營利組織合作，共有25位青少年參與配對服務，每週進行一次，每次一小時，並得依參與者需求提供彈性的差異化服務，平均每人使用服務次數為10.76次。經重複測量，發現方案介入可以顯著改善參與者的生涯自我效能及其五個因素包括：目標選擇、自我評估、解決問題、作出計畫、蒐集資料以及生涯適應及其生涯關注、生涯好奇二個因素，惟生涯控制與生涯信心雖有進步但未達顯著。結案追蹤訪談，發現參與者對此方案皆抱持肯定態度，認為方案有助其瞭解自我、認識科系與職業及找到未來方向。依量尺技術評分，其平均滿意度高達90.64。另外，參與者也表達同儕陪伴像朋友之間的支持，更容易接近彼此。研究並根據結果提出建議。\u0000 Many studies support the idea that the gap in income achievement between high- and low-income families can have direct and indirect influences on children’s academic achievement and social opportunities. Considering disadvantaged students’ career development pathways, as a result of low economic resources, poor living environment, and poor physical and mental health conditions, disadvantaged students tend to show low selfesteem, autonomy, and control, and experience more helplessness, hesitation, and anxiety about career choices and career adaptation. In addition, for disadvantaged students, economy is often the primary factor of consideration for career choice rather than their \"interest.\" These reasons make it difficult for these students to practice career tasks, or avail necessary social support when encountering career difficulties. Two deficiencies are concluded in disadvantaged students’ career dilemma: lack of knowledge about career planning, and not knowing how to plan their own career. From the perspective of social justice, every student, especially those with disadvantaged career development, should have equal opportunities to use career services suitable for them, so as to strengthen their ability to reduce the negative impact of social inequality and develop their own life stories. The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a peer support career service program for underprivileged youth with career difficulties. This is an action research study that uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The career service program has 14 units, including meet and greet, growth review, self-exploration, reading and learning strategies, strengths integration, data search and application, major department and career exploration, goal setting, decision-making, resume production, time management, action plan, and blessings. The design of this study combines the teaching nature of career education with the counseling nature of career guidance. In terms of career education, pre-service teachers play the role of experts who guide and explain the concept and method of career planning, and design teaching plans based on the needs of disadvantaged students to enhance their career planning knowledge. In the guidance aspect, emphasis is placed on personal career obstacles. Pre-service teachers act as catalysts and guides who accompany disadvantaged students in self-exploration and development of career planning skills. This study adopted an amoeba-style design, emphasizing adjusting ","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114559344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"敘事宛若隱喻：探究隱喻特性在敘事取向典範的作用","authors":"洪瑞斌 洪瑞斌, 鄧明宇 Jui-Ping Hung","doi":"10.53106/172851862022090065004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022090065004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 本文探討隱喻在敘說研究或敘說心理學中的關鍵作用與意涵，並從方法、方法論，再到認識論及本體論，逐層討論。在方法層次中，隱喻能在諮商中協助參考架構、世界觀之轉換，問題外化之命名等；在研究中，隱喻可協助對研究參與者故事做整體性反思，增進詮釋連貫性。在方法論層次，隱喻可協助呂格爾「三層摹擬論」的前構、形構、再構過程中之順利轉換。最後認識論及本體論層次，隱喻揭示了人所存有世界的本體性特徵，即宛若世界。此「世界」只能藉由隱喻或敘事文本來摹擬，本身就包涵「是」與「不是」的辯證性認識論。但文本摹擬之差異性或偏離性並不視為誤差，而是一種創造性，也是文本世界之生命力所在。This study addresses the key effects and meanings of metaphors in narrative studies and narrative psychology. Metaphors have importance in the development of hermeneutics, and Ricoeur studied it in the book La métaphore vive. The development of hermeneutics has two major turns. The first major turn is Wilhelm Dilthey's contributions, who made important contributions to a methodology of the humanities and other human sciences. The second major turn is that Martin Heidegger's contributions, shifted from Wilhelm Dilthey's theories. Martin Heidegger is counted among the main exponents of existentialism. Heidegger's groundbreaking work is in ontology (the philosophical study of being or existence) and metaphysics. And since then, hermeneutics has advocated detours to understand human beings that requires language or narrative text. The role of metaphors in the narrative is what this study aims to explore. The literature as well as practical counseling experiences have found different schools of counseling seem to believe that metaphors help the process of counseling. The purpose of this study is to explore how metaphors help.Also, the main approach of this study is to explore the links and important discourses between narratives and metaphors in greater depth through the review of critical literatures. The study explores how metaphors help step by step from how metaphors are applied, and from the methodology aspect, the epistemology aspect and the ontology aspect. When it comes to how metaphors are applied, metaphors stimulate transformation in reference frames, viewpoints of world, and the naming of the externalized problems, etc. In this study, metaphors stimulate the study participants to reflect on stories holistically and improve the consistency of interpretation. The role of metaphors comes from what Ricoeur called a rhetorical property. At the methodology level, metaphors have what Ricoeur called poetics, including mimesis and pictorial-semantic fusion. Therefore, metaphors stimulate the transformation process of pre-figuration, configuration, and re-figuration of Ricoeur's ＂threefold mimesis＂, which are the core frame of narrative, in the text. Also, the pictorial nature of metaphors assist in the construction and interpretation of the story. At the epistemological level, metaphors themselves contain a dialectical epistemology of ＂to be＂ and ＂not to be＂, and this dialectic helps to promote the hermeneutic circle among understanding, interpretation, and construction. It is an open circle and a creative mimesis. Finally, at the ontology level, metaphors reveal the ontological characteristics of the human beings' world - the ＂as if＂ world. This world can only be drawn up","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131793792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"當我很好時，你應該提防：隱現於性罪犯治療週誌之再犯軌跡","authors":"黃健 黃健, 吳姿穎 吳姿穎, 黃彥霖 黃彥霖","doi":"10.53106/172851862022090065001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022090065001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 在臺灣現行制度下，性侵害加害者一旦離開監獄就必須進入社區治療，然而隨著性罪犯追蹤監控的期程拉長，其再犯率也隨之上升，也就顯示日常生活流轉匯聚各式各樣的境遇，進而影響性再犯的危險因子，然在性罪犯社區處遇歷程中如何評估性犯罪者的再犯企圖一直是臨床實務上值得關注的問題。本個案報告嘗試分析隨時間軌跡的滾動，如何由性犯罪者之日常語言使用找出反映個人內在心理狀態之線索，藉此觀察性侵害加害者之語言徵兆變化情形與再犯之關聯。本個案報告藉由分析一名資料庫匯出之性侵害加害人於社區治療期間所書寫之雙週誌，連續紀錄將近一年直至其再犯性犯罪，共21篇記載其社區治療參與個人生活狀況之自由書寫，將相關內容透過「語文探索與字詞計算」（LIWC）軟體進行五項具有心理意義之文字變項的電腦化文本分析。研究結果發現語言風格透過長時間紀錄後可以觀察到該性犯罪者之再犯可能徵兆，特別是在總字詞數由多到少之變化、正負向情緒詞彙相反的變動態勢，以及誠實性指標呈現V型變化上，符合Ekman、Vrij、DePaulo等三研究團隊有關欺瞞理論之推衍，也因此本研究認為具有心理意義之文字變項可反映潛藏犯罪意圖的細微變化，而與後續再犯結果有關，亦可作為性犯罪者心理評估之參考指標，值得未來透過性犯罪者之大樣本數據分析加以檢證。According to the current legal system in Taiwan, sex offenders must enter a community intervention program after being released from prison. However, recent research of sex offenders has suggested that over the longer term after offenders are released, they have a high rate of sexual re-offense. This shows that the daily struggles while returning to society might contribute to sexual re-offense in different ways, so as to impact the risk factor of sexual re-offense. Thus, assessing the re-offense attempts of sex offenders in the community intervention program is worthy of attention in clinical practice. However, considering the importance of monitoring linguistic behaviors, there is very little existing research that has empirically documented the language use of sex offenders and how that may impact recidivism of sexual offense. Therefore, the aim of this case report attempts to explore how sex offenders' state of minds are reflected in daily language use and how linguistic markers and sexual re-offense may be related. Pennebaker and his colleagues have provided excellent reviews of the psychological aspect in language use. They believe that either expressive writing or spoken language demonstrate cognitive reflective models. Instead of focusing on ＂what＂ is said by the individuals, paying attention to ＂how＂ the individuals say it is much more crucial. Furthermore, it opened a window for researchers to analyze the psychological vulnerabilities or risks of sex offenders as well as having further understanding of the underlining altered state of mind that is intertwined with the surroundings. Considering these concerns, this case study involved a biweekly log written by an ex-sex offender in a community intervention program. The time frame for the study lasted nearly one year until the re-offense occurred. A total of twenty-one free-writing diaries were analyzed with a computerized text analysis software, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). Beyond examining several categories of words with psychological meanings, such as negative and positive affect, this case study also applies higher-order algorithms based on LIWC dictionaries, including the index of complex thinking, the index of honesty, and the index of social-emotional style. Considering months as the analysis unit, the one-year period is divided into the initial stage (April to July), incubation stage (August to December) and action stage (January to Ma","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130952419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"華人文化脈絡下高中職輔導教師多重角色衝突倫理判斷歷程之研究","authors":"程雅妤 程雅妤, 張素惠 Ya-Yu Cheng, 莊謹鳳 Su-Hui Chang, 王智弘 Jin-Fong Chuang","doi":"10.53106/172851862022090065002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022090065002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 高中職輔導教師被賦予多種角色任務，多重角色不僅易涉及多重關係的輔導倫理議題，亦影響輔導教師的專業角色定位與輔導效能。本研究旨在探討華人文化脈絡下台灣高中職輔導教師因承擔多重角色導致倫理衝突之倫理判斷歷程。針對五位高中職輔導教師進行個別深度訪談，採樣版式質性分析進行資料分析。結果顯示：倫理判斷歷程可歸納為四階段：一、倫理衝突階段：衝突情境包括：（1）多重角色間不同角色職責之衝突；（2）專業理念與行政要求之衝突；（3）專業期許與人際需求之衝突；二、倫理判斷階段：主要考量包括：（1）以個案福祉最佳利益為判斷依據；（2）以校園組織行政倫理為判斷考量；（3）以華人人際互動模式為判斷參考；三、倫理行動階段：（1）釐清輔導教師專業角色之職責；（2）尋求專家督導諮詢或參考同業作法；（3）運用外部資源以緩解倫理困境；（4）調整自我期待以符合情境需求；四、倫理影響階段：（1）重新思考輔導教師之角色定位；（2）調整自我不適與接納自我限制；（3）省思衝突事件結果，重新建構倫理態度。藉由倫理判斷歷程之釐清，能了解輔導教師的倫理困境整體經驗脈絡，有助輔導教師洞察困境來源，歷經沉澱與省思後昇華為未來面對倫理挑戰的養分，避免陷於倫理困頓的負向循環導致專業耗竭而影響輔導效能。School counseling plays an important role as the problems that high school students face become more complex. However, there are many challenging ethical situations on school grounds nowadays. Particularly, school counselors frequently confront complex ethical dilemmas that often involve relationships with principals, parents, and other stakeholders. In interacting with different people, school counselors must play various roles involving ethical issues. In Taiwanese high schools currently, school counselors must play multiple roles at the same time, including as educators, counselors, administrators, and so on. The potential for conflict in these situations can be exacerbated by differences in the roles and responsibilities of personnel within the school. Furthermore, unlike Western cultures that value individualism, Chinese culture is strongly influenced by the relationship network society. Therefore, playing multiple roles towards students is more likely to face ethical issues in Chinese culture. Based on the nature and characteristics of Chinese society, the ethical issue of multiple relationships is more complicated in Chinese culture. Hence, this study aims to explore the process of ethical judgment on multi-role conflicts encountered by high school counselors. Ethical judgment involves personal experiences, such as mental health struggles, ethical values, action decisions, adjustment strategies, reflection, etc. Therefore, the current study employed an exploratory, qualitative research design to assess the experiences and perceptions of participants. The study data was collected from the interviews of five participants working in senior high schools for at least three years. This study employed purposive sampling methods to find school counselors for the interviews. All participants indicated their interest in the study by providing their names and signing research consent. The data analysis was conducted with Template Analysis Style, which is a method of thematic analysis that has been applied in a broad range of research areas in the social sciences. Regarding the results, participants' experiences of the ethical judgment process were divided into four stages, including the conflict stage, decision stage, action stage, and influence stage. Initially, the first stage was identified as the conflict stage. High school counselors encountered: (1) the conflict of different responsibilities among multiple roles, (2) the co","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123464460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"台灣中學教師對校園霸凌防制準則校園實踐之觀點探討","authors":"Ada L. Sinacore Ada L. Sinacore, 趙淑珠 趙淑珠, 何忻蓓 Shu-Chu Cho, Shaofan Bu Shaofan Bu","doi":"10.53106/172851862022090065003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022090065003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 台灣於2012年實施《校園霸凌防治準則》，成為東亞地區第一個有法源依據防治校園霸凌之國家。身為校園霸凌防治之第一線人員之一，教職員對法條之理解及對校方落實政策之觀察，對校園霸凌防治有著舉足輕重之影響。有鑑於此，本研究探討台灣國高中教職師對校園霸凌防治法條之認知、個人落實法條之經驗，及對校方依法推行霸凌防治工作及處置霸凌事件的觀察，試圖理解教職員觀點下校園霸凌防治準則實施現況及困境。本研究採取混合研究法，結合問卷調查法及配深度訪談，共計訪談15名來自三所國高中之教師，回收116份六所國高中教師填寫之有效問卷。研究結果指出，學校普遍未提供教師充分資源，如反霸凌教育訓練補充教材，加上父權社會根深蒂固之異性戀中心主義，造成學校校園氣氛持續忽略性別歧視、獨重升學率與學生學科表現，而變相忽視實施霸凌防治準則。本研究除強調輔導教師扮演推動霸凌防治準則的重要角色，亦指出校長重視霸凌防治之態度，實為霸凌事件確實依法通報處理之關鍵。作者同時針對未來研究方向以及教育現場工作提出建議。Taiwan enforced the Regulations on the Prevention of Bullying on Campus policy in 2012 and was the first East Asian country to enforce a national policy that addresses bullying in schools. Employing a mixed-method design, this study investigated teacher's and administrative staff's perceptions and experiences of anti-bullying policy implementation. A total of 116 teachers and administrative staff participated in the survey and 15 teachers and administrative staff participated in interviews. The results indicated that a lack of anti-bullying education for teachers coupled with endemic heterosexism perpetuated school climates that prioritized improving students' academic performance over implementing anti-bullying policies. The important role of teachers in policy implementation as well as school principal's commitment to addressing school bullying were highlighted as key in reducing bullying behaviors. Finally, the report discusses recommendations and direction for future research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121517093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"婚姻平權公投反同婚文宣對男同志愛滋病毒感染者的心理影響初探","authors":"蔡春美 蔡春美","doi":"10.53106/172851862022050064002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022050064002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 公投期間愛滋一直被反同婚方用來作為反對同性婚姻的理由，本文期待了解愛滋負面文宣對男同志愛滋 感染者產生的心理影響。本文先多方收集反同婚理由述及愛滋的文宣，並透過愛滋民間團體工作人員招 募受訪者，於2019年4月進行一次性焦點訪談團體，團體前先進行所收集的負面文宣簡報，再進行2.5小 時訪談，之後形成逐字稿進行質性分析。8位男受訪者平均年齡38.75歲，平均感染愛滋11年，均服用抗 愛滋病毒藥物中，都接收過愛滋的負面文宣。研究結果如下:第一、受訪者會取笑文宣內容，或是感到 煩悶、生氣，因應方式會避開、客觀冷靜或是主動教育身邊的人。第二、在愛滋負面文宣下，受訪者面 臨三個兩難的三角關係:(1)受訪者不會想和反同婚方對話，轉而期待官方及其他有力人士澄清; (2)受訪者想提出反證會擔心殃及其他無辜族群;(3)受訪者擔心影響社會大眾對男同性戀者社群的 觀感或被社群切割。第三、受訪者建議愛滋反歧視的宣導，應強調愛滋治療效果、修改官方公布的愛滋 統計分類、與其他團體形成友善聯盟等面向。第四、家人開始討論同性戀議題，讓受訪者有被接納的感 覺，但還是不容易現身愛滋感染者身分。綜上，男同志愛滋感染者對於婚姻平權公投時的歧視愛滋文 宣，陷於內化汙名與外在歧視的處境下，帶來兩難的影響。\u0000 Context and Objective: On May 24, 2019, Taiwan becomes the first country in Asia to legalize same sex marriage. However, many supporters felt disappointed by the referendum on marriage equality that took place on November 24, 2018. Marriage equality was discussed in Taiwan before the referendum, which entailed many public hearings and debates. There were alliances opposing same sex marriage (referred to as \"anti-same sex marriage groups\"), as well as alliance that supported same sex marriage. During these debates, anti-same-sex marriage groups highlighted HIV/AIDS issues as justification for opposing same-sex marriage with arguments that included, \"most people infected with HIV are gay\", \"gay sex among men is the primary factor in HIV transmission\", \" legalizing same sex marriage will cause the spread of HIV/AIDS epidemic\", \"Taiwan will become an HIV/AIDS island\", \"The cost of HIV/AIDS treatment will consume medical resources,\" and \"Taiwan should not provide health care benefits to those who got HIV/AIDS.\" Internet and social media outlets have promoted numerous negative messages about HIV/AIDS, and the anti-same-sex marriage group still uses \"HIV/AIDS\" as a reason to repeatedly attack the gay community. The present research aims to understand the psychological impact of negative HIV/AIDS propaganda on gay men living with HIV/AIDS in Taiwan and how they coped during the marriage equality referendum. Methods: We first collected articles, pictures, videos, and news about anti-same- sex marriage justification for discrimination against HIV/AIDS from websites, social media, and mobile APP. We then recruited focus group participants through AIDS service for non-governmental organizations. On the day of the focus group in April 2019, we made a brief presentation on relevant negative propaganda before conducting the 2.5 hours focus group. We then conducted a qualitative content analysis after the verbatim transcript was created. The average age of the eight interviewees was 38.75, and the average years of HIV infection was 11 years. All participants were taking HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy). The interviewees all stated that they had received negative propaganda messages about AIDS on social media during the marriage equality referendum promotion period. Results: (1) Respondents will make fun of the content of the propaganda, or feel bored and angry. In response, they will avoid, be objective and calm, or t","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114985053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"正向與負向婚姻品質對新婚夫妻自我概念的影響: 行動者—伴侶相依模式之探討","authors":"吳志文 吳志文, 張思嘉 Chih-Wen Wu","doi":"10.53106/172851862022050064003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022050064003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 研究目的:本研究探討婚姻初期自身及伴侶對關係的正向與負向整體評估對形塑華人夫妻的婚姻我(婚 姻關係中與配偶相互尊重並維護和諧互動的關係自我概念)與家族我(家人團體中達成家人共識與團結 並實現家族目標的團體自我概念)的影響。研究方法:兩波間隔兩年的追蹤調查共蒐集到93對夫妻的有 效資料，第一波施測時平均婚齡為1.30年(標準差0.68年)，丈夫與妻子的平均年齡分別為31.46歲(標 準差3.51歲)與29.89歲(標準差2.84歲)。研究結果:分別針對正向婚姻品質(模型一)與負向婚姻品 質(模型二)進行行動者—伴侶相依模式分析，皆獲得可接受的整體適配度。模型一結果指出，夫妻雙 方的正向婚姻品質對自身婚姻我與家族我皆具正向顯著的行動者效果，妻子的正向婚姻品質對丈夫婚姻 我具正向顯著的伴侶效果，其餘效果未達顯著水準。模型二結果發現，妻子負向婚姻品質對自身婚姻我 與家族我具負向顯著的行動者效果，並對丈夫婚姻我與家族我也有負向顯著的伴侶效果，其餘效果未達 顯著水準。研究結論:婚姻生活中的正、負向婚姻品質在婚姻初期有著形塑、再構婚姻我與家族我的作 用，且在夫妻間有著不同影響。最後探討抽樣偏誤、缺乏細緻運作機制等相關研究限制與未來方向，並 期望各項發現可供實務應用，增進理解婚姻生活經驗形塑華人多元自我概念的運作機制。\u0000 Context and Objectives: Marriage brings many challenges, which require careful management and adjustment by both spouses. One of the noteworthy challenges is that individuals will start to view themselves in different ways. During the newlywed period, the self-concepts corresponding to the couple’s new role of spouse and family group members will be developed. As a spouse in a marital relationship, Chinese couples’ marital self-concept (MSC) represents their relationship-oriented self-construal to have mutual love and support with their spouses and maintain a harmonious interaction in their relationship. As a member of both the original family and in-law family, Chinese couples’ familial self-concept (FSC) represents their group-oriented self-construal to honor their families, reach consensus among family members, and achieve the goals of all their family members. Even though the self- concept has an important effect on couples’ marital adaptation, research on how the marriage couples’ self- concepts would be reconstructed is scarce. Because one’s self-concept would be reconstructed by life experience, the purpose of this study is to investigate how marriage life influences Chinese couples’ MSC and FSC in the early stage of marriage. Considering that positive and negative self-involved experiences could drive dissimilar mechanisms, this study attempts to explore the specific effect of positive and negative marital quality. Then, based on the nature of interdependence between marriage couples, this study also uses the actor-partner interdependence model to further explore the actor effect and partner effect between husbands and wives. Method: This study conducted two waves of follow-up surveys separated by a 2-year lag and collected a total of 93 valid dyad-data from couples living in the north (n = 53), middle (n = 11), south (n = 20), and east regions of Taiwan (n = 9). The average length of marriage at the first wave was 1.30 years (SD = 0.68 years), and the average age of the husband and wife were 31.46 years old (SD = 3.51 years) and 29.89 years old (SD = 2.84 years), respectively. This study used structural equation modeling to analyze two hypothetical actor-partner interdependence models. Results: The first model investigated the actor- and partner-effect of positive marital quality on couples’ MSC and FSC and showed acceptable model fit (􏴆 2 = 264.16; df = 204; p = .003; 􏴆 2/df = 1.29","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"114 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114017935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"社會風險決策實驗任務之編修與效度檢驗","authors":"吳中勤 吳中勤","doi":"10.53106/172851862022050064004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53106/172851862022050064004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 近年來，學者認為，行為決策的偏差導因於情緒-認知歷程間的失衡，哥倫比亞卡片任務(CCT)因此 被提出用以測量個人在風險決策中的情緒和認知歷程，但至今該任務測量的建構效度如何，仍不清楚， 並且原任務設計除了在實施上較為複雜且耗時外，在決策歷程中也僅考量分數的得失變化，未考量社會 因素(如:同儕與社會酬賞)對青少年風險決策歷程的影響。本研究主要目的在於，參考與修正(簡 化)原CCT任務設計，並增加同儕決策的社會參照與同儕認同的社會酬賞情境設計於修正版的CCT風險 決策任務中，衡鑑該社會風險決策任務的建構效度。本研究以269位八年級學生為對象，採多層次驗證 性因素分析考量資料巢套結構對分析結果的影響。研究結果顯示:(1)簡化後的原CCT任務可有效激 發情緒與認知歷程。(2)融入社會因素的CCT任務亦能有效激發社會參照與社會酬賞對決策的影響。 (3)本研究編修的社會風險決策任務具有良好的建構效度。根據研究結果，未來研究可運用該測量工 具，理解青少年行為的風險決策對認知與行為表現的影響。\u0000 Risky decisions increase with age and reach peaks in adolescence and early adulthood before declining again during adulthood. Although risky decisions are commonly made by adolescents, it may have long-term negative impacts on life later. The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), proposed about three decades ago, is the most common task used to investigate risky decision-making. It was developed based on the somatic marker hypothesis, which assumed that individuals’ behaviors are implicitly influenced by reward and punishment experiences, and these experiences would send emotional information to drive individuals’ decision-making behaviors toward beneficial long-term directions. However, only the emotional decision-making process was addressed in IGT, which may not sufficiently account for adolescents’ risky decision processes. Recently, cognitive neuroscience research suggested that risky decision-making involves two systems in the brain. Risky decision-making increases between childhood and adolescence as a result of changes around the time of puberty of the brain’s socio-emotional system that leads to increased reward-seeking, especially when peers are present. The socio-emotional system has been shown to rely on the ventral tegmentum area, subcortical structures (ventral striatum and amygdala) and cortical structures (the insular and medial/orbital frontal cortex). This system is operated automatically based on similarity and contiguity, and behavior is influenced by emotional impulse. Risky decision-making decreases between adolescence and adulthood because of changes in the brain’s cognitive-control system – changes which improve individuals’ ability for self-control, which occur gradually and over the course of adolescence and young adulthood. The cognitive-control system is assumed to rely on the dorsal and ventral area of the lateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex. The differing timetables of these two brain systems make mid-adolescence a time of heightened vulnerability to make risky decisions. Consequently, researchers tended to argue that biased behavioral decision making was due to an imbalance between emotion and cognition processes. The Columbia Card Task (CCT) was proposed to measure individuals’ emotion and cognition processes in decision making. However, the construct validity of this measurement was unclear, and it was not only complex and time- consuming in the implementation of the original task design but also considered the changes of scores instead of including the effects of s","PeriodicalId":137633,"journal":{"name":"中華輔導與諮商學報","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123888219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}