{"title":"Follicular regulatory T cell subsets in mice and humans: origins, antigen specificity and function.","authors":"Sophia Sokolova, Irina L Grigorova","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells play various roles in immune responses, contributing to both positive and negative regulation of foreign antigen-specific B cell responses, control over autoreactive antibody responses and autoimmunity, and B cell class-switching to IgE and allergy development. Studies conducted on mice uncovered various subsets of CXCR5+FoxP3+CD4+ Tfr cells that could differently contribute to immune regulation. Moreover, recent studies of human Tfr cells revealed similar complexity with various subsets of follicular T cells of different origins and immunosuppressive and/or immunostimulatory characteristics. In this review we will overview and compare Tfr subsets currently identified in mice and humans and will discuss their origins and antigen specificity, as well as potential modes of action and contribution to the control of the autoimmune and allergic reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"583-594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9953877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Memory B cell differentiation from germinal centers.","authors":"Takeshi Inoue","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Establishment of humoral immune memory depends on two layers of defense: pre-existing antibodies secreted by long-lived plasma cells; and the antibodies produced by antigen-reactivated memory B cells. Memory B cells can now be considered as a second layer of defense upon re-infection by variant pathogens that have not been cleared by the long-lived plasma cell-mediated defense. Affinity-matured memory B cells are derived from the germinal center (GC) reaction, but the selection mechanism of GC B cells into the memory compartment is still incompletely understood. Recent studies have revealed the critical determinants of cellular and molecular factors for memory B cell differentiation from the GC reaction. In addition, the contribution of antibody-mediated feedback regulation to B cell selection, as exemplified by the B cell response upon COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, has now garnered considerable attention, which may provide valuable implications for future vaccine design.</p>","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"565-570"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9515140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Synthetic Biology for Cancer Immunology Special Issue","authors":"Yuki Kagoya","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxad052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":"49 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138946226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lung group 2 innate lymphoid cells differentially depend on local IL-7 for their distribution, activation, and maintenance in innate and adaptive immunity-mediated airway inflammation.","authors":"Daichi Takami, Shinya Abe, Akihiro Shimba, Takuma Asahi, Guangwei Cui, Shizue Tani-Ichi, Takahiro Hara, Keishi Miyata, Masashi Ikutani, Kiyoshi Takatsu, Yuichi Oike, Koichi Ikuta","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad029","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a cytokine critical for the development and maintenance of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). ILC2s are resident in peripheral tissues such as the intestine and lung. However, whether IL-7 produced in the lung plays a role in the maintenance and function of lung ILC2s during airway inflammation remains unknown. IL-7 was expressed in bronchoalveolar epithelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). To investigate the role of local IL-7 in lung ILC2s, we generated two types of IL-7 conditional knockout (IL-7cKO) mice: Sftpc-Cre (SPC-Cre) IL-7cKO mice specific for bronchial epithelial cells and type 2 alveolar epithelial cells and Lyve1-Cre IL-7cKO mice specific for LECs. In steady state, ILC2s were located near airway epithelia, although lung ILC2s were unchanged in the two lines of IL-7cKO mice. In papain-induced airway inflammation dependent on innate immunity, lung ILC2s localized near bronchia via CCR4 expression, and eosinophil infiltration and type 2 cytokine production were reduced in SPC-Cre IL-7cKO mice. In contrast, in house dust mite (HDM)-induced airway inflammation dependent on adaptive immunity, lung ILC2s localized near lymphatic vessels via their CCR2 expression 2 weeks after the last challenge. Furthermore, lung ILC2s were decreased in Lyve1-Cre IL-7cKO mice in the HDM-induced inflammation because of decreased cell survival and proliferation. Finally, administration of anti-IL-7 antibody attenuated papain-induced inflammation by suppressing the activation of ILC2s. Thus, this study demonstrates that IL-7 produced by bronchoalveolar epithelial cells and LECs differentially controls the activation and maintenance of lung ILC2s, where they are localized in airway inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"513-530"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9925211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaoyu Xia, Qiqiang Long, Jie Zha, Tingting Jiang, Junqiao Guo, Bo Jiang, Xiaojing Li, Genhong Yao
{"title":"IL-27 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation of MDSCs in experimental Sjögren's syndrome.","authors":"Xiaoyu Xia, Qiqiang Long, Jie Zha, Tingting Jiang, Junqiao Guo, Bo Jiang, Xiaojing Li, Genhong Yao","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation has an important function in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Increased and dysfunctional myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promoted SS. However, NLRP3 inflammasome activation of MDSCs in SS and its regulated components are unclear. Splenic MDSCs were purified by immunomagnetic beads and cultured. Western blot was used to assess NLRP3 inflammasomes. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Here we showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with SS-like manifestations. We found that NLRP3 inflammasome activation was augmented in MDSCs of SS mice and NLRP3 inflammasome activation was suppressed in IL-27-deficient NOD mice. Consistent with findings of SS mice in vivo, we observed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation by adenosine triphosphate and lipopolysaccharide was remarkably intensified in MDSCs with IL-27 treatment in vitro. Collectively, our data highlighted that IL-27 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation of MDSCs in experimental SS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"531-542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41127017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Immunogenicity evaluation of viral peptides via nonspecific interactions between anti-peptide IgYs and non-cognate peptides.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"555-556"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10147068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Lung group 2 innate lymphoid cells differentially depend on local IL-7 for their distribution, activation, and maintenance in innate and adaptive immunity-mediated airway inflammation.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41119705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steffen Brauns, Isabel Marquardt, Cosima Thon, Sarah Frentzel, Josefine Jakob, Jacqueline Färber, Lars Philipsen, Lothar Jänsch, Alexander Link, Dunja Bruder
{"title":"Mucosal-associated invariant T cells from Clostridioides difficile-infected patients exhibit a distinct proinflammatory phenotype and enhanced cytotoxic activity.","authors":"Steffen Brauns, Isabel Marquardt, Cosima Thon, Sarah Frentzel, Josefine Jakob, Jacqueline Färber, Lars Philipsen, Lothar Jänsch, Alexander Link, Dunja Bruder","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/intimm/dxad032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells mainly found in the mucosa and peripheral blood. We have recently demonstrated that Clostridioides difficile activates MAIT cells in vitro. However, their role in the pathogenesis of C. difficile infection (CDI) in human patients remains elusive to date. In this study, we performed comprehensive immunophenotyping of MAIT cells derived from CDI patients and compared their phenotype to that of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and healthy controls. Our study revealed that blood MAIT cells from CDI patients exhibit an interleukin 17a (IL-17a)-dominated proinflammatory phenotype and an increased readiness to synthesize the proinflammatory cytokine interferon γ (IFN-γ) following in vitro re-stimulation. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of MAIT cells, as measured by surface CD107a and intracellular granzyme B expression, was strongly increased in CDI. Multi epitope ligand cartography (MELC) analysis of intestinal biopsies from CDI patients revealed that MAIT cells exhibit an increased production of granzyme B and increased cytotoxicity compared to the control group. Together with previously published in vitro data from our group, our findings suggest that MAIT cells are functionally involved in the immune response against C. difficile and contribute to the pathogenesis of CDI.</p>","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":" ","pages":"543-554"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9951130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction: Novel Aspects of the Germinal Center Reaction Special Issue","authors":"Tomohiro Kurosaki","doi":"10.1093/intimm/dxad040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxad040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13743,"journal":{"name":"International immunology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}