International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics最新文献_第5页

IN SILICO, PREPARATION AND IN VITRO STUDIES OF BENZYLIDENE-BASED HYDROXY BENZYL UREA DERIVATIVES AS FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE 作为帕金森病自由基清除剂的亚苄基羟基苄基脲衍生物的硅学、制备和体外研究

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50628

Jagdish Chand, Amarjith Thiyyar Kandy, Kaveri Prasad, Jinu Mathew, Farhath Sherin, Gomathy Subramanian

{"title":"IN SILICO, PREPARATION AND IN VITRO STUDIES OF BENZYLIDENE-BASED HYDROXY BENZYL UREA DERIVATIVES AS FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE","authors":"Jagdish Chand, Amarjith Thiyyar Kandy, Kaveri Prasad, Jinu Mathew, Farhath Sherin, Gomathy Subramanian","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50628","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The study focuses on the benzylidene-based hydroxy benzyl urea derivative as free radical scavengers in PD.\u0000Methods: The derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized using FTIR, 1H, 13C-NMR, and Mass spectrometry. Further in vitro studies were performed on the SHSY-5Y cell lines. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies were performed at 100 ns to predict the binding affinity and stability of the ligand/protein complex.\u0000Results: Among the nine derivatives, compounds HBU-2, and HBU-4were found to have the highest binding affinity-9.699 kcal/mol, and-9.020 kcal/mol with the amino acid interactions SER 149, PHE 157, ARG 158, SER 159, ILE 230, and ASP 231. Further, this HBU-1 to HBU-9 derivatives were produced using a synthesis route. The neurotoxicity studies were performed on the SHSY-5Y cells, where the % cell viability for the compound HBU-2, and HBU-4 was 91.22 %, and 90.42 %at a minimal concentration of 125 µg/ml with a p-value<0.011. Further, the cell counts and LDH assay for the compound HBU-2, and HBU-4 with MPP+treatment predicted 0.72-fold change and 0.66-fold change. The ROS % activity was also measured for compounds HBU-2 and HBU-4 in conjunction with the MPP+induction. In the SHSY-5Y cell line, compound HBU-2 downregulated the ROS level to 45%.\u0000Conclusion: The synthesized compounds were found to have good free radical scavenging properties on SHSY-5Y neuroblastoma cell lines, considering these derivatives could be further assessed using appropriate PD models.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AUTOMATION IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: THE ROLE OF AI IN CHROMATOGRAPHY 分析化学中的自动化：人工智能在色谱法中的作用

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50290

Divekar Kalpana, Shishir Kumar Prasad

{"title":"AUTOMATION IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY: THE ROLE OF AI IN CHROMATOGRAPHY","authors":"Divekar Kalpana, Shishir Kumar Prasad","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50290","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) has facilitated significant breakthroughs in drug discovery, the design of materials, and organic synthesis. The advancements in the latter group are especially remarkable due to the abilities of the latest computational methods (molecular design algorithms) that enable the exploration of extensive chemical spaces and enhance research in fields such as predicting molecule properties, designing molecules, retrosynthesis, predicting reaction conditions, and predicting reaction outcomes. A literary review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. This study aimed to review existing data on the application of AI in separation chromatography. The evolution and utilization of AI in the pharmaceutical industry and its future aspects were articulated in this study. The utilization of AI can completely transform the field of chromatography analysis by facilitating expedited, more precise, and more effective data processing. By automating chromatography analysis, AI can enhance efficiency and minimize the potential for human mistakes. This advancement enables scientists to dedicate their efforts towards addressing intricate and demanding analytical issues. With the evolution of technology and the increasing adoption, we can anticipate more progress in chromatography analysis and analytical chemistry.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"26 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF A DOLUTEGRAVIR NANOSUSPENSION USING BOX BEHNKEN DESIGN 采用盒式贝肯设计开发和优化多鲁特韦纳米悬浮剂

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50315

Lakshmi Devi Gottemukkula, Raghuveer Pathuri

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF A DOLUTEGRAVIR NANOSUSPENSION USING BOX BEHNKEN DESIGN","authors":"Lakshmi Devi Gottemukkula, Raghuveer Pathuri","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024v16i3.50315","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to develop and optimize a nanosuspension of Dolutegravir, an integrase inhibitor with low aqueous solubility, using the sonoprecipitation technique. The objective was to enhance the drug's solubility and oral bioavailability by preparing nanosuspension.\u0000Methods: A box-behnken design was employed to systematically investigate the impact of stabilizer concentration, sonication amplitude, and time on the particle size and polydispersibility of the nanosuspension formulations. Various stabilizers, including Soluplus®, Poloxamer 188, Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) K90, Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC), and Tween 80, were evaluated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed drug-polymer interactions, while differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction revealed partial amorphization. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed nanoscale particle size and morphology.\u0000Results: The optimized formulation (NS6) with 1% Soluplus®, 65 W amplitude, and 10 min sonication exhibited nanoparticles of 75.3 nm with low polydispersity. NS6 demonstrated enhanced drug release compared to the pure drug, attributed to particle size reduction and amorphization. In vitro tests indicated acceptable stability over time and temperature.\u0000Conclusion: The application of Box-Behnken design resulted in an optimized nanosuspension formulation capable of improving the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble Dolutegravir. The formulation exhibited favorable characteristics, including reduced particle size, amorphization, and enhanced drug release, highlighting its potential as an effective delivery system for Dolutegravir in Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) treatment.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"21 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ACTIVE FRACTION OF MANGOSTEEN RIND EXTRACT (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA) 山竹果皮提取物活性成分的抗氧化活性

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.31

Ari Widayanti, Mahdi Jufri, Silvia Surini, Berna Ellya

{"title":"ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE ACTIVE FRACTION OF MANGOSTEEN RIND EXTRACT (GARCINIA MANGOSTANA)","authors":"Ari Widayanti, Mahdi Jufri, Silvia Surini, Berna Ellya","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Determination of the IC50 value of the active Fraction was carried out to see the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of mangosteen peel (Garcinia mangosteen) Mangosteen peel is known to have very strong antioxidant activity. The research began with maceration of mangosteen peel with ethanol solvent. Then, the mangosteen peel extract was fractionated with three solvents, namely those with different polarities, namely water, dichloromethane, and n-hexane. \u0000Methods: The ethanol extract of mangosteen rind was further fractionated using n-hexane, dichloromethane, and water, then the solvent was removed by evaporation. The three resulting fractions were measured for antioxidant activity using the DPPH method with Quercetin as a comparison. The active Fraction with the highest IC50 value is then compared with the extract, and the comparison is seen with TLC. Next, the Fraction was tested with GC to see the remaining solvent. And then continued with determining alpha mangostin levels in all fractions using UHPLC. \u0000Results: IC50 value for each n-hexane fraction was 50.65µg/ml, the dichloromethane fraction was 34.66µg/ml, and the water fraction was 45.72µg/ml. The results of the solvent test showed that there was no residual solvent in the dichlormethane fraction, as seen from the chromatogram results. The results of the assay showed the following results: n-Hexan fraction 25.18%, DCM fraction 31.23%. \u0000Conclusion: The dichloromethane fraction showed the highest antioxidant activity with the best IC 50 value and had higher levels of alpha mangostin than the water and n-hexane fractions.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ROSELLE CALYX (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA. L) AS AN ANTI-DIABETIC: ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION REDUCE FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND REPAIR PANCREAS FUNCTION ON DIABETIC MODEL 作为抗糖尿病药物的洛神花萼：乙酸乙酯馏分可降低糖尿病模型的空腹血糖和总胆固醇，并修复胰腺功能

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.25

Netty Suharti, Armenia Armenia, Rahmad Abdillah, Cyndi Muria Ramadan

{"title":"ROSELLE CALYX (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA. L) AS AN ANTI-DIABETIC: ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION REDUCE FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND REPAIR PANCREAS FUNCTION ON DIABETIC MODEL","authors":"Netty Suharti, Armenia Armenia, Rahmad Abdillah, Cyndi Muria Ramadan","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In general, people with diabetes mellitus will experience disturbances in fat metabolism that lead to hypercholesterolemia. This study aims to determine the effect of ethyl acetate fraction hibiscus calyx on blood sugar, blood cholesterol level, and pancreas histology in diabetic Wistar Kyoto rats induced by streptozotocin. \u0000Methods: Thirty-six Wistar Kyoto rats were induced with intra-peritoneal streptozotocin at 55 mg/kg BW and stabilized for five days to obtain diabetic conditions. Diabetic animals were divided into four groups; the diabetic group was given vehicle, the glibenclamide group was given 0.45 mg/kg BW of Glibenclamide, and two groups were administered the ethyl acetate fraction of hibiscus calyxes (EAFHC) at doses of 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW for five days. Fasting blood sugar and lipids (total cholesterol and triglycerides) were measured on days 0, 1, 3, and 5. Pancreats were collected on days 1, 3 and 5 for weighing and histology examination. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan Multiple Rank Test (DMRT). \u0000Results: EAFHC significantly reduced fasting blood sugar and total cholesterol (p<0.05) but did not have a significant effect on triglycerides (p>0.05). Histology examination showed that EAFHC repaired pancreatic damage, as seen from the decrease in pancreatic histology scores (p<0.05), but the organ ratio did not show a significant improvement (p>0.1). \u0000Conclusion: This study revealed that EAFHC could be an alternative medicine in managing blood sugar levels and total cholesterol and improving pancreas function in associated models of diabetes mellitus hypercholesterolemia complications.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"31 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EFFECT OF COWANIN ON CYCLIN D1 EXPRESSION IN MCF-7/HER2 BREAST CANCER CELLS 牛黄素对 mcf-7/her2 乳腺癌细胞中细胞周期蛋白 d1 表达的影响

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.32

D. Hefni, Dachriyanus, Angelica Maysya Nahda, F. Wahyuni

引用次数: 0

PHARMACOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF MORUS MACROURA FOR DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT 用于药物发现和开发的马钱子药物信息学分析

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.26

Purnawan Pontana Putra, A. Asnawi, Fariza Hamdayuni, Arfan, L. O. Aman

{"title":"PHARMACOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF MORUS MACROURA FOR DRUG DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Purnawan Pontana Putra, A. Asnawi, Fariza Hamdayuni, Arfan, L. O. Aman","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.26","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Pharmacoinformatics is an innovative approach rapidly evolving in pharmaceutical research and drug development. This study focuses on analysing Morus macroura, a plant species with untapped pharmacological potential. This investigation aims to leverage pharmacoinformatics techniques to unveil the hidden potential of Morus macroura in drug discovery and development. \u0000Methods: The study includes analyses of protein-protein interactions, deep learning docking, adsorption tests, distribution, metabolism, excretion, molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculation using Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA). \u0000Results: Nine active compounds were identified in Morus macroura, namely Andalasin A, Guangsangon K, Guangsangon L, Guangsangon M, Guangsangon N, Macrourone C, Mulberrofuran G, Mulberrofuran K, and Mulberroside C. These compounds exhibit protein-protein interaction activities against a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyses the conversion of C19 androgens. These plant compounds influence aromatase excess syndrome, deficiency, and ovarian dysgenesis. Regarding drug-likeness, Mulberroside C and Macrourone C demonstrated good absorption potential by adhering to Lipinski's rule of five. Deep learning docking simulations yielded affinity results of-9.62 kcal/mol for Guangsangon M,-10.44 kcal/mol for Macrourone C, and-10.99 kcal/mol for Guangsangon L. Subsequent molecular dynamics simulations indicated that Guangsangon L and Macrourone C remained stable during a 100 ns simulation. \u0000Conclusion: Morus macroura interacts with important proteins, particularly CYP19A1, which might influence health conditions like aromatase excess syndrome and ovarian dysgenesis. These findings provide potential paths for addressing specific health issues and advancing drug development. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that Guangsangon L and Macrourone C remained stable during simulation.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"23 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXTRACTION TIME EFFECT ON ACTIVE COMPOUNDS LEVELS IN CAT WHISKERS (ORTHOSIPHON ARISTATUS (BLUME) MIQ.) 提取时间对猫须（orthosiphon aristatus (blume) miq.）

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.01

Fahrauk Faramayuda, S. Riyanti, Suryani, Shindi Juni Karmila, A. S. Windyaswari, Rizka Khoirunnisa Guntina

{"title":"EXTRACTION TIME EFFECT ON ACTIVE COMPOUNDS LEVELS IN CAT WHISKERS (ORTHOSIPHON ARISTATUS (BLUME) MIQ.)","authors":"Fahrauk Faramayuda, S. Riyanti, Suryani, Shindi Juni Karmila, A. S. Windyaswari, Rizka Khoirunnisa Guntina","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Determine the best time to boil cat whiskers by observing the impact of boiling time on the quantities of rosmarinic acid in cat whiskers. \u0000Methods: For the extraction process, water is boiled for 10, 20, and 30 min at 90 degrees Celsius. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the quantities of rosmarinic acid and validate the analytical procedures in terms of accuracy, precision, linearity, and specificity. The one-way ANOVA test and Duncan's test were used to analyse the data; a p-value of 0.05 was used to indicate a statistically significant difference. \u0000Results: The lowest quantities of rosmarinic acid were found in the study's results during a shorter boiling duration of 10 min, or 2.07% w/w. The highest concentrations of rosmarinic acid were found after a prolonged boiling period of 20 min, at 2.32 % w/w. Meanwhile, rosmarinic acid levels dropped to 2.15 % w/w after a 30 min overboiling period. Rosmarinic acid levels from the three boiling durations differed significantly, according to statistical analysis (p=0.000; p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: It was determined that 20 min was the ideal boiling duration for extracting rosmarinic acid from purple cat whiskers.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

POTENTIAL DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS BASED ON LITERATURE IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AT Dr. M. DJAMIL PADANG HOSPITAL 根据 M. DJAMIL PADANG 医生医院患有合并性心力衰竭的胃肠病患者的文献资料，心血管药物之间可能存在的药物相互作用

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.06

Dita Permatasari, Nur Alima Husna, Rahmi Yosmar

{"title":"POTENTIAL DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS BASED ON LITERATURE IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AT Dr. M. DJAMIL PADANG HOSPITAL","authors":"Dita Permatasari, Nur Alima Husna, Rahmi Yosmar","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a notable cardiovascular disease impacting global morbidity and mortality. Geriatric patients with CHF typically require multiple medications that can potentially cause drug-drug interactions and affect patient therapy outcomes. This study aims to determine the potential drug-drug interactions, the relationship between the average number of cardiovascular drugs per day and the potential drug-drug interactions, and the relationship between the severity of drug-drug interactions and the clinical symptoms and signs of the patients. \u0000Methods: The research method used was analytical observational with retrospective data collection through the medical records of inpatients in 2021. A total of 63 patients were included using the total sampling method. \u0000Results: Results revealed that furosemide was the most commonly prescribed cardiovascular medication (15.27%). Among the participants, 93.65% exhibited potential drug-drug interactions (332 occurrences), with the most frequent involving furosemide and bisoprolol (32 cases). Pharmacodynamic interactions were the dominant mechanism (85.24%), with moderate severity (65.06%) being common. A significant relationship existed between the average number of cardiovascular drugs per day and the potential drug-drug interactions (p<0.05). Nonetheless, there was no notable correlation discovered between the severity of the interaction and the presence of symptoms and clinical signs (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: When considering the high incidence of potential drug-drug interactions, it is expected that clinical pharmacists have the competence to analyze potential drug interactions to prevent harmful effects on patients.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"22 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

KASTURI ORANGE PEEL (CITRUS MICROCARPA BUNGE) ESSENTIAL OIL: CHEMICAL PROFILE, FORMULATION AS ROLL-ON AROMATHERAPY AND ITS EVALUATION 卡斯图里橙皮（Citrus microcarpa bunge）精油：化学成分、作为滚珠香薰的配方及其评估

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.28

Yahdian Rasyadi, Wida Ningsih, Wanda Pranca Mulya, Dini Hanifa

{"title":"KASTURI ORANGE PEEL (CITRUS MICROCARPA BUNGE) ESSENTIAL OIL: CHEMICAL PROFILE, FORMULATION AS ROLL-ON AROMATHERAPY AND ITS EVALUATION","authors":"Yahdian Rasyadi, Wida Ningsih, Wanda Pranca Mulya, Dini Hanifa","doi":"10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2024.v16s1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Kasturi orange (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) is widely cultivated and consumed in Indonesia. The fruit's flesh is a good source of vitamin C. Essential oil of kasturi orange peel is one of the ingredients used as a raw material for aromatherapy roll-on preparations. Roll-on aromatherapy is currently widely used by various age groups. This research aims to determine the content of kasturi oil, its formulation as a roll-on aromatherapy preparation, and its physical evaluation. \u0000Methods: The essential oil of kasturi orange peel was extracted using the distillation method, and then the physicochemical properties were examined. The chemical content of the oil was analyzed using GC-MS. The roll-on aromatherapy preparation formulas were made by varying concentrations of kasturi oil, F0 (0%), F1 (4%), F2 (6%), and F3 (10%). Additional substances used were menthol, camphor, patchouli oil, and virgin coconut oil. Patchouli oil was used in this preparation to make the aroma last longer. Evaluation of roll-on aromatherapy preparations includes organoleptic tests, pH tests, specific gravity, viscosity, clarity, and stability. \u0000Results: From the extraction results, the percentage yield of essential kasturi oil was 0.55% v/w, with a density of 0.85 g/ml and a refractive index of 1.469. From the chromatogram results, there were 18 compounds in kasturi oil; the largest component was D-limonene (32.59%). Physical evaluation results of all roll-on aromatherapy formulas had met the requirements. \u0000Conclusion: From the chromatogram results, there were 18 compounds in kasturi oil, with the largest component were D-limonene (32.59%). Formula F3 had the best aroma intensity, approximately for 5 h, with a slightly strong aroma, and physical evaluation results of all roll-on aromatherapy formulas had met the requirements.","PeriodicalId":13737,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0