{"title":"Early positive tactile stimulation reverses the increase of anxiety and decrease of sociality induced by early chronic mechanical pain in mandarin voles.","authors":"Yahan Sun, Jiayu Xiao, Luoman Li, Haiwei Niu, Yiting Zhu, Lu Li, Wei Qian, Yin Li, Lizi Zhang, Yishan Qu, Yuting Bai, Xiao Han, Kaizhe Huang, Zhixiong He, Fadao Tai","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animals may experience early negative (mechanical pain: being retrieved using an incisor by parents or attacked) or positive stimulation (being licked and groomed) that may affect emotional and social behaviors in adulthood. Whether positive tactile stimulation can reverse adverse consequences on emotional and social behaviors in adulthood resulting from chronic mechanical pain and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study used a tail-pinching model during development to simulate mechanical pain experienced by pups in high-social mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus). Subsequently, brush-like positive tactile stimuli were applied to the backs of the mandarin voles. Various behavioral tests were used to measure levels of anxiety, depression, and sociability. The results showed that early tail-pinching delayed the eye opening of pups, increased levels of anxiety, reduced levels of sociality in male mandarin voles, and impaired social cognition in females during adulthood. Brushing on the back reversed some of these effects. While mandarin voles that were exposed to tail-pinching during development were exposed to sub-threshold variable stress as adults, they were more likely to show a stress-induced increase of anxiety-like behavior, reduction of sociability, and impairment of social cognition, displaying heightened susceptibility to stress, particularly in males. However, back-brushing reversed some of these effects, implying that these adults display enhanced stress resilience. In addition, tail-pinching reduced levels of serum oxytocin and increased corticosterone levels in serum, but back-brushing reversed these effects. Overall, it was found that positive tactile stimulation reversed increases in anxiety and impairments of social behavior induced by negative stimulation in male mandarin voles via alteration of oxytocin and corticosterone levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diego López-Collar, Francisco J Cabrero-Sañudo, Diego Gil-Tapetado
{"title":"The urban island: climatic suitability of Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the role of cities in the invasion of the Western Palearctic.","authors":"Diego López-Collar, Francisco J Cabrero-Sañudo, Diego Gil-Tapetado","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban environments often present environmental conditions that facilitate the introduction and establishment of nonnative and invasive species. These can expand their range into areas with unfavorable climates by taking advantage of the ecological and climatic homogenization of cities, bypassing the ecological barriers presented by the surrounding environment. One way to monitor the expansion of these species is using potential distribution models. We used as a model species the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) whose invasion has caused serious consequences for biodiversity and economic losses worldwide. We used the average result of six different algorithms and used climatic variables and population density as a proxy for the urbanization level in the Western Palearctic to build the predictive model. The model indicates this ant prefers to inhabit areas with Mediterranean and Temperate Oceanic climates and that its suitability depends on two main factors: the continentality (temperature annual range) and the degree of urbanization. The species is predicted to be absent in areas with large temperature contrasts throughout the year, particularly in rural and peri-urban areas (i.e. adjacent to urban areas) of inland regions. Conversely, the species has a predilection for coastal and urban areas where environmental conditions are attenuated by the influence of the sea or the \"urban heat island\" effect in the case of inland cities. In this sense, cities act as \"bioclimatic islands\" facilitating the establishment of the Argentine ant as a reservoir, enlarging its distribution into climatically nonoptimal areas, and promoting its future expansion in a scenario of global warming and socioeconomic change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bold rats (Niviventer confucianus) are more effective in seed dispersal: evidence both under enclosure conditions and in the field.","authors":"Jiming Cheng, Huimin He, Linlin Zheng, Chao Zhang, Xiaorong Wang, Xingyi Hu, Hongyu Niu, Hongmao Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rodents are important seed dispersers of plants because they move seeds far away from the parent trees and hoard seeds in the soil, benefiting seed dispersal and regeneration. Traits of plant seeds and animals are associated with rodent-mediated seed dispersal, but animal personality, the consistent individual behavioral differences in time and environments, has not been fully considered. Here, we first measured the personality of 26 Niviventer confucianus in the laboratory, and 10 individuals in the field of one population, and then tested their behavior of seed consumption and hoarding both in semi-natural enclosures and the field. We tested the hypothesis that individuals with different personalities have different preferences for seed consumption and hoarding, which has different implications for seed dispersal and regeneration. Under the enclosure conditions, all parameters of personality are repeatable; bold individuals harvested fewer seeds but scatter-hoarded more seeds and dispersed farther than timid ones, whereas active individuals consumed more seeds, but left fewer seeds on the ground surface than inactive ones. In the field, boldness, activity, and exploration of the animals are repeatable; bold individuals scatter-hoarded more seeds to farther distances than timid ones, whereas active individuals harvested and consumed more seeds than inactive ones. These results suggest that bold rats tended to scatter hoard seeds and disperse them to a longer distance, implying they are more effective in seed dispersal. In the future, animal personality (e.g. boldness and activity) should be considered in seed dispersal studies and ecological-based manipulation in seed dispersal and regeneration of forests.</p>","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maciej Kamiński,Amelia Chyb,Kevin D Matson,Piotr Minias
{"title":"Constitutive innate immune defenses in relation to urbanization and population density in an urban bird, the feral pigeon Columba livia domestica.","authors":"Maciej Kamiński,Amelia Chyb,Kevin D Matson,Piotr Minias","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12899","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization processes modulate the immunological challenges faced by animals. Urban habitat transformations reshape pathogen diversity and abundance, while high population density-common in urban exploiter species-promotes disease transmission. Responses to urbanization may include adaptive adjustments of constitutive innate immune defenses (e.g. complement system and natural antibodies [NAbs]), which serve as first-line protection against infections. Here, we investigated associations of habitat urbanization and host population density with complement and NAbs in an urban bird, the feral pigeon Columba livia domestica. To do so, we employed the hemolysis-hemagglutination assay to analyze nearly 200 plasma samples collected across urbanization and pigeon population density gradients in five major cities in Poland. We found a negative association between urbanization score and hemagglutination (i.e. NAbs activity), but not hemolysis (i.e. complement activity), indicating either immunosuppression or adaptive downregulation of this immune defense in highly transformed urban landscape. Population density was not significantly related to either immune parameter, providing no evidence for density-dependent modulation of immune defenses. At the same time, there was a negative association of hemolysis with condition (scaled mass index), suggesting resource allocation trade-offs or contrasting effects of the urban environment on immune defenses and body condition. The results demonstrate that habitat structure can be an important factor shaping the immune defenses of the feral pigeon, although these associations were not mediated by variation in population density. Our study highlights the complexity of the links between immune defenses in wildlife and urbanization and reinforces the need for comprehensive ecoimmunological studies on urban animals.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revealing the key signals in nestling begging behavior perceived by parent birds during parent–offspring conflict","authors":"Ziqi ZHANG, Qihong LI, Yan CAI, Canchao YANG","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12901","url":null,"abstract":"The parent–offspring conflict in avian species encompasses resource allocation and a balance necessary for survival for both parties. Parental investment is modulated according to various factors, among which begging is important. Endogenous hormones, particularly corticosterone (CORT), play a role in modulating begging behavior. However, most studies on hormonal regulation of begging behavior induced elevated hormone levels in the offspring through feeding or injections, thus, limiting our knowledge of the evolution of the parent–offspring conflict under natural conditions. In this study, we aimed to identify the key signals that parents respond to during interactions with their nestlings in the wild, considering factors such as endogenous hormone CORT, nestling age, and brood size, which may affect nestling begging behavior. Begging performance was evaluated by measuring the begging frequency and score of the red‐whiskered bulbul (<jats:italic>Pycnonotus jocosus</jats:italic>), along with assessing CORT levels in feathers. CORT levels were significantly correlated with both the begging frequency and score of nestlings, while variables such as body mass and tarsus length did not influence parental feeding frequency. Additionally, factors such as the number of nestlings (brood size), age, and begging frequency were predictors of parental feeding frequency. Our findings indicate that begging frequency, nestling age, and brood size are signals that help navigate the intricacies of the parent–offspring conflict and that parents may rely on these key signals from the range of begging cues exhibited by nestlings to adjust their feeding strategies.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irene ARNOLDI, Davide CARRARETTO, Marco MUNARI, Matteo NANNINI, Maria Cristina GAMBI, Antonio CANNAVACCIUOLO, Camilla DELLA TORRE, Paolo GABRIELI
{"title":"Shifting microbial communities in acidified seawaters: insights from polychaetes living in the CO2 vent of Ischia, Italy","authors":"Irene ARNOLDI, Davide CARRARETTO, Marco MUNARI, Matteo NANNINI, Maria Cristina GAMBI, Antonio CANNAVACCIUOLO, Camilla DELLA TORRE, Paolo GABRIELI","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12904","url":null,"abstract":"Oceans’ absorption of human‐related CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions leads to a process called ocean acidification (OA), consisting of the decrease of the seawater pH with negative consequences for many marine organisms. In this study, we investigate the microbial community of two species of polychaetes found in naturally acidified CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> vents: the nereid <jats:italic>Platynereis massiliensis</jats:italic> complex and the syllid <jats:italic>Syllis prolifera</jats:italic>. Animals were collected in the CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> vents of Castello Aragonese (Gulf of Naples, Ischia, Italy) in three zones at decreasing pH. For the analysis of the microbiome, the V3‐V4 hypervariable region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of 40 worm samples was sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform. No difference in the microbial alpha diversity of both species was highlighted. On the contrary, the microbial composition of worms collected in the site at normal pH was different from that of the individuals obtained from the sites at lower pH. This effect was evident also in samples from the site with a slight, but relevant, degree of acidification. Amplicon sequence variants showing a significant variation among the groups of samples collected from different pH zones were reported for both polychaetes, but no common trend of variation was observed. The present study deepens our knowledge about the composition of polychaete microbiome in marine naturally acidified sites. Our results stress the importance of future investigations about the connection between the variation of environmental and polychaete microbial communities induced by OA and about the effect of these variations on polychaete key biological and ecological traits.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Datian LANG, Junsong ZHAO, Songju LIU, Yuan MU, Tiantian ZOU
{"title":"Adaptive evolution of pancreatic ribonuclease gene (RNase1) in Cetartiodactyla","authors":"Datian LANG, Junsong ZHAO, Songju LIU, Yuan MU, Tiantian ZOU","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12895","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase1), a digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas, is associated with the functional adaptation of dietary habits and is regarded as an attractive model system for studies of molecular evolution. In this study, we identified 218 functional genes and 48 pseudogenes from 114 species that span all four Cetartiodactyla lineages: two herbivorous lineages (Ruminantia and Tylopoda) and two non‐herbivorous lineages (Cetancodonta and Suoidea). Multiple <jats:italic>RNase1</jats:italic> genes were detected in all species of the two herbivorous lineages, and phylogenetic and genomic location analyses demonstrated that independent gene duplication events occurred in Ruminantia and Tylopoda. In Ruminantia, the gene duplication events occurred in the ancestral branches of the lineage in the Middle Eocene, a time of increasing climatic seasonality during which Ruminantia rapidly radiated. In contrast, only a single <jats:italic>RNase1</jats:italic> gene was observed in the species of the two non‐herbivorous lineages (Cetancodonta and Suoidea), suggesting that the previous Cetacea‐specific loss hypothesis should be rejected. Moreover, the duplicated genes of <jats:italic>RNase1</jats:italic> in the two herbivorous lineages (Ruminantia and Tylopoda) may have undergone functional divergence. In combination with the temporal coincidence between gene replication and the enhanced climatic seasonality during the Middle Eocene, this functional divergence suggests that <jats:italic>RNase1</jats:italic> gene duplication was beneficial for Ruminantia to use the limited quantities of sparse fibrous vegetation and adapt to seasonal changes in climate. In summary, the findings indicate a complex and intriguing evolutionary pattern of <jats:italic>RNase1</jats:italic> in Cetartiodactyla and demonstrate the molecular mechanisms by which organisms adapt to the environment.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142248636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernanda GARCIA, António ALVES DA SILVA, José Paulo SOUSA, Joana ALVES
{"title":"The role of wild red deer on soil physical properties in a Mediterranean ecosystem: insights from a Portuguese mountain","authors":"Fernanda GARCIA, António ALVES DA SILVA, José Paulo SOUSA, Joana ALVES","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12894","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1749-4877.12894","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study we aimed to assess the role of wild red deer, along with other ungulates such as roe deer and wild boar, in the soil's physical properties, namely soil penetration resistance and depth (used as a proxy for soil compaction), hydraulic conductivity (a proxy for water infiltration), and the proportion of soil stable aggregates. Results showed that, at the density level found in our study area, red deer have a neutral effect at the soil level, not causing significant soil compaction or significantly influencing measured soil functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":"20 1","pages":"215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linlin LI, Xin LI, Yongling JIN, Haoting ZHANG, Fan BU, Rong ZHANG, Xiaodong WU, Shuai YUAN, Heping FU
{"title":"Group effects of desert rodent communities on plant seed dispersal","authors":"Linlin LI, Xin LI, Yongling JIN, Haoting ZHANG, Fan BU, Rong ZHANG, Xiaodong WU, Shuai YUAN, Heping FU","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12897","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1749-4877.12897","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Desert rodent communities spread plant seeds through the group effect of “selection complementation” and “fate complementation,” which promotes the recovery of plant populations and the reconstruction of plant communities in desert areas. \u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":"20 1","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}