Integrative zoology最新文献

Extraocular Photoreception in Optic Lobes, Suckers, and Skin of Octopus vulgaris. 寻常章鱼视叶、吸盘和皮肤的眼外光接受。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.13002

Valeria Maselli, Al-Soudy Al-Sayed, Mariangela Norcia, Stefania Galdiero, Sara Palladino, Emanuela Cirillo, Gianluca Polese, Anna Di Cosmo

{"title":"Extraocular Photoreception in Optic Lobes, Suckers, and Skin of Octopus vulgaris.","authors":"Valeria Maselli, Al-Soudy Al-Sayed, Mariangela Norcia, Stefania Galdiero, Sara Palladino, Emanuela Cirillo, Gianluca Polese, Anna Di Cosmo","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.13002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.13002","url":null,"abstract":"Coleoid cephalopods like octopuses, squids, and cuttlefishes have advanced light-sensing systems crucial for visual perception and survival. Previously, it has been demonstrated that the skin of coleoids contains transcripts encoding rhodopsin and retinochrome, exhibiting a dermal light sense. Moreover, chromatophores in the mantle skin of Octopus bimaculoides expand in response to light when completely isolated from the central nervous system and eyes. In our study combining morphology, gene expression, molecular evolution, 3D modeling of protein structures, and phylogenetic analysis, we demonstrated the presence of photosensitive pigment transcripts in Octopus vulgaris, not only in eyes and skin but also in suckers and even optic lobes. In particular, for the first time, the RNA expression of Ov-Rhodopsin, Ov-retinochrome, and Ov-GRK1 was found and quantified in the skin and also localized in different sucker types and the optic lobes. The obtained results suggest that suckers act as extraocular organs. Each of the approximately 1000 suckers contributes to the distributed light perception system, collectively acquiring environmental information that could support eye vision. Our findings could explain octopuses' extraordinary ability to camouflage. Furthermore, the optic lobes, which are part of the central nervous system, could be directly involved in light detection, in addition to their role in the integration of sensory information.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ontogenetic Development of Maternal Facial Recognition and Communication Skills of Female Offspring in Golden Snub-Nosed Monkeys. 金丝猴雌性后代面部识别和交流技能的个体发育。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12999

Haitao Zhao, Jiaxuan Li, Yan Wang, Nianlong Li, Wenhui Zhou, Chengliang Wang, Xiaowei Wang, Tong Wu, Junguo Zhang, Yi Ren, Ruliang Pan, Baoguo Li

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of Ammonia-Induced Brain Damage in Chinese Striped-Necked Turtle (Mauremys sinensis). 氨致斑马龟脑损伤的机制研究。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12997

Yunjuan Xiao, Xin Niu, Xueting Jiao, Liangping Lin, Haitao Shi, Meiling Hong, Li Ding

{"title":"Mechanism of Ammonia-Induced Brain Damage in Chinese Striped-Necked Turtle (Mauremys sinensis).","authors":"Yunjuan Xiao, Xin Niu, Xueting Jiao, Liangping Lin, Haitao Shi, Meiling Hong, Li Ding","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12997","url":null,"abstract":"Social advancement and heightened waste discharge have resulted in escalating ammonia pollution in aquatic ecosystems, presenting toxicity hazards to aquatic fauna, especially turtles, by impairing their neurological function. To assess the ammonia effect on turtle brains, we subjected Chinese striped-necked turtles (Mauremys sinensis) to varying ammonia concentrations (CK, control; A1, 0.790 mg/L NH3; A2, 1.418 mg/L NH3) for durations of 24 and 48 h. Our data indicate that ammonia exposure markedly elevated glutamate levels and glutamate receptor mRNA expression in turtle brains, while concurrently diminishing glutamate transporter expression. These alterations resulted in an increase in brain water content, Na+-K+-Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1), and matrix metalloproteinases. The decrease in tight junction proteins and Caveolin1 levels may lead to the rupture of the blood-brain barrier and subsequent edema. The impaired blood-brain barrier and edema led to elevated calcium levels and decreased function of certain ATPases. Gene expression associated with calcium homeostasis increased, signifying an imbalance. As the exposure time and concentration of ammonia increased, the TUNEL-stained positive cells began to appear. Taken together, increased ammonia concentrations lead to glutamate accumulation, impairing the blood-brain barrier and resulting in cerebral edema. This impairs calcium homeostasis, ultimately inducing cell death. This work provides significant insights into the toxicity of ammonia to aquatic turtles, hence augmenting our comprehension of stress physiology in these species. It underscores the necessity of safeguarding aquatic ecosystems from ammonia contamination to guarantee the health and survival of turtles and other aquatic fauna.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polychromophilus spp. (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae): First Molecular Detection in Bat Flies From Brazilian Bats. 多色嗜菌属（血孢目：疟原虫科）：首次在巴西蝙蝠蝇中检测到分子。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.13001

Bruno S Mathias, Vinicio R De Lima, Gustavo Graciolli, Nubia R M F Rocha, Jaciara O J Costa, Herbert S Soares, Arlei Marcili, Karin Kirchgatter

{"title":"Polychromophilus spp. (Haemosporida: Plasmodiidae): First Molecular Detection in Bat Flies From Brazilian Bats.","authors":"Bruno S Mathias, Vinicio R De Lima, Gustavo Graciolli, Nubia R M F Rocha, Jaciara O J Costa, Herbert S Soares, Arlei Marcili, Karin Kirchgatter","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.13001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.13001","url":null,"abstract":"Haemosporidian parasites exhibit a wide range of vertebrate hosts and corresponding insect vectors. Among mammals, bats host the most diverse array of haemosporidians, with seven genera identified. The genus Polychromophilus is exclusive to bats and is globally linked with hematophagous flies of the genera Basilia, Nycteribia, and Penicillidia as potential vectors. In Brazil, recent molecular studies have detected Polychromophilus in bats from the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes; however, its vectors in the country remained unidentified. This study analyzed the haemosporidians infection of bat flies (24 Nycteribiidae and 43 Streblidae) collected from 13 bat species in the Legado das Águas. The bat-fly associations revealed highly specialized interactions, particularly among Basilia flies and Myotis bats. Notably, a rare interaction between Megistopoda proxima and Carollia perspicillata was also observed. Two specimens (3%) of nycteribiid flies (Basilia speiseri and Basilia lindolphoi), both collected from Myotis nigricans, tested positive for infection with Polychromophilus spp. Using cytb gene sequences, we examined the phylogenetic relationships of these Polychromophilus lineages with other global lineages. We identified two haplotypes, each clustering in distinct clades within the Polychromophilus murinus group. The presence of these parasites was further confirmed by sequencing of the clpc gene from the apicoplast genome and the nuclear asl gene. This study represents the first molecular detection of Polychromophilus spp. in a vector in Brazil, 50 years after its morphological description in the salivary glands of Basilia. These findings provide novel insights into the ecological networks in host-parasite-vector interactions in a preserved neotropical environment.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Maternal Genetic History of East Asian Gray Wolves (Canis lupus). 古代有丝分裂基因组揭示东亚灰狼（Canis lupus）母系遗传史。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.13005

Ming Zhang, Caihui Wang, Yuyan Zheng, Xijun Ni, Songmei Hu, Lina Zhuang, Mingjian Guo, Qingyan Dai, Peng Cao, Lele Ren, Guanghui Dong, Ruowei Yang, Feng Liu, Xiaotian Feng, Hongwei Hou, Hui Wang, Weilin Wang, Lizhao Zhang, E Andrew Bennett, Qiaomei Fu

{"title":"Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Maternal Genetic History of East Asian Gray Wolves (Canis lupus).","authors":"Ming Zhang, Caihui Wang, Yuyan Zheng, Xijun Ni, Songmei Hu, Lina Zhuang, Mingjian Guo, Qingyan Dai, Peng Cao, Lele Ren, Guanghui Dong, Ruowei Yang, Feng Liu, Xiaotian Feng, Hongwei Hou, Hui Wang, Weilin Wang, Lizhao Zhang, E Andrew Bennett, Qiaomei Fu","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.13005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.13005","url":null,"abstract":"The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is the only wild ancestor of dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and serves a crucial role in understanding the highly controversial issue of dog origins. Recently, ancient DNA studies on gray wolves from different regions of the Eurasian continent have achieved significant breakthroughs, providing important clues about the dog origins. As one of the potential origin areas for dogs, East Asia has seen some research on ancient dogs; however, reports related to gray wolves remain limited. In this study, we sequenced seven new mitogenomes of ancient gray wolves from Northern China, integrating them with 497 ancient and modern canid mitogenomes from published data. Our results reveal the following: (1) East Asian gray wolves have maintained high genetic diversity from ancient times to the present; (2) multiple haplogroup A gray wolves from Northern China support the hypothesis that Northeastern Eurasia is a core region for dog origins; (3) a deep gray wolf lineage in East Asia has been identified in this study; (4) different mitogenomes concentrated at the Jinchankou site indicate that admixture may have frequently occurred in the northeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. These findings enhance our understanding of the maternal genetic history of gray wolves in East Asia.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel Phylogeographic Structure of Avian Haemosporidians in a Widely Distributed Host. 一种分布广泛的寄主中禽带孢子虫的新系统地理结构。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.13007

Xi Huang, Mingyi Yang, Longwu Wang, Chung-Chi Hsu, Wei Liang, Yu-Cheng Hsu

{"title":"Novel Phylogeographic Structure of Avian Haemosporidians in a Widely Distributed Host.","authors":"Xi Huang, Mingyi Yang, Longwu Wang, Chung-Chi Hsu, Wei Liang, Yu-Cheng Hsu","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.13007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.13007","url":null,"abstract":"Avian haemosporidian parasites are responsible for avian malaria and related blood diseases, which may cause harm to various hosts. Understanding the environmental factors that affect host‒parasite associations is critical for public health. However, most studies of this topic to date have focused on pooled data from communities, while the different traits of different host species often lead to an underestimation of these factors. In this study, we investigated the phylogeographical pattern of haemosporidian parasites in a widely distributed resident bird, the Eurasian tree sparrow (Passer montanus), as well as the impact of environmental factors, including latitude, annual temperature, and humidity, on their prevalence. We observed that the prevalence of these parasites varies across sites but is generally low. Despite that, different patterns were observed for the different parasite genera. Plasmodium lineages are more widely distributed, whereas Haemoproteus are restricted to sites at lower latitudes and with lower annual temperatures, coincident with the barrier of the Yangzi River in China. This study highlights the importance of focusing on a single host when investigating variation in host‒parasite associations.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracing the Path to Extinction: Long-Term Impacts of Human and Environmental Factors on Tiger Survival in East Asia. 追踪灭绝之路：人类和环境因素对东亚老虎生存的长期影响。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12998

He Zhang, Xinru Wan, Hao Pan, Zhilin Wang, Ruliang Pan, Baoguo Li, Fuwen Wei

{"title":"Tracing the Path to Extinction: Long-Term Impacts of Human and Environmental Factors on Tiger Survival in East Asia.","authors":"He Zhang, Xinru Wan, Hao Pan, Zhilin Wang, Ruliang Pan, Baoguo Li, Fuwen Wei","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12998","url":null,"abstract":"Earth has experienced five major global mass biodiversity extinctions, and we are currently facing the sixth, which includes mammals, particularly carnivores, being among the most affected. Studying the remnant populations alone of the currently endangered species often provides limited information. It fails to reveal the scenarios of the early dynamics and key driving facts/factors that led to their population decline. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of long-term faunal extinction is not just an academic pursuit, but a crucial necessity for developing or amending tangible conservation strategies and management. This study examines the extirpation trajectories of tigers, relying extensively on fossil databases in the Pleistocene and historical geographic changes during the Holocene. We estimated their extinction probability and relationship with anthropogenic and climatic changes using a moving time window modeling framework. It illustrates how the impacts of humans on nature have significantly influenced threatened animals. These human activities will continue to shape the future survival prospects of tigers in China. Our findings indicate that cropland expansion, human population growth, and forest reduction have profoundly driven tiger extinctions, particularly after 1850, when pervasive human activities led to the disappearance of wild South China tigers. We estimate that isolated tiger populations face extinction within roughly 67.8 years, emphasizing the need for habitat connectivity. This study highlights the critical role of reducing human activities in tiger habitats and offers a model for estimating extinction probabilities and thresholds, underscoring the urgency of conservation strategies tailored to anthropogenic and environmental threats.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological Dynamics of a Visually Apparent Disease: Camera Trapping and Machine-Learning Applied to Rumpwear in the Common Brushtail Possum. 视觉上明显疾病的流行病学动态：相机捕获和机器学习应用于普通刷尾负鼠的背带。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12995

Elise M Ringwaldt, Jessie C Buettel, Scott Carver, Barry W Brook

{"title":"Epidemiological Dynamics of a Visually Apparent Disease: Camera Trapping and Machine-Learning Applied to Rumpwear in the Common Brushtail Possum.","authors":"Elise M Ringwaldt, Jessie C Buettel, Scott Carver, Barry W Brook","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12995","url":null,"abstract":"Visually apparent diseases are valuable for investigating and monitoring the occurrence and prevalence of pathogens in wildlife populations through passive monitoring methods like camera trapping. Rumpwear, characterized by visible clinical signs of hair breakage and damage on the lumbosacral region, affects common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) across Australia. However, the etiology of rumpwear remains unclear, and the spatiotemporal factors are understudied. This study investigated the epidemiology of rumpwear in common brushtail possums at Adamsfield, Tasmania (Australia), and predicted rumpwear distribution across the Tasmanian landscape. We visually classified images of rumpwear clinical signs in 6908 individual possums collected from a 3-year camera trapping network. Our results revealed that: (1) adults were twice as likely to show signs of rumpwear compared to young possums; (2) rumpwear occurrence increased with the relative activity of possums at a site; and (3) prevalence of rumpwear was seasonal, being lowest in May (3.2%-late autumn) and highest in December (27.1%-early summer). Collectively, these findings suggest that the occurrence of rumpwear may be density dependent, the putative etiological agent seems to be influenced by seasonal factors or site use. Additionally, a convolution neural network (CNN) was trained to identify rumpwear automatically based on the manually (human-expert) classified camera trap images. Applying the trained classifier to 38,589 brushtail possum images from across Tasmania, the CNN predicted that rumpwear is widespread, with an overall prevalence of 18.6%. This study provides new insights into rumpwear epidemiology and identified factors for further investigating within this host-pathogen system.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Habitat Features, Coyotes, and Humans Drive Diel Activity Variation Among Sympatric Mammals. 栖息地特征、土狼和人类驱动同域哺乳动物的昼夜活动变化。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.13000

Nathan J Proudman, Maximilian L Allen

{"title":"Habitat Features, Coyotes, and Humans Drive Diel Activity Variation Among Sympatric Mammals.","authors":"Nathan J Proudman, Maximilian L Allen","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.13000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.13000","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of animals to plasticly adjust their diel activity has important implications for their persistence and the structure of food webs. While many studies have examined diel activity in mammals, few have compared multiple abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic variables to determine what factors have the strongest effects on sympatric species within a system. Understanding the bounds of variation in behavior is vital to accurately determine the effects of environmental stressors on the diel activity of wildlife. We quantified shifts in diel activity (Δ%) among nine sympatric mammal species using camera traps across Illinois and compared the effect of 12 variables using generalized linear mixed modeling. We found habitat type and the presence of coyotes (Canis latrans) to be the most important drivers of mammal diel activity, but other biotic and anthropogenic variables also affected diel activity in several species. Domestic cats (Felis catus; Δ = 25.7%), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes; Δ = 25.2%), bobcats (Lynx rufus; Δ = 20.7%), and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis; Δ = 19.3%) exhibited the most behavioral plasticity of our focal species. Decreased diurnal activity in more open habitat types by multiple species likely reflects the anthropogenic fear effects in the human-dominated landscape of Illinois, while urban environments may act as spatiotemporal refuges from coyotes for subordinate mesocarnivores. Our study shows that a broad range of factors contribute to variation in mammal diel activity, which can in turn affect the predatory and competitive pressures among sympatric species, with the potential for cascading effects across multiple trophic levels. Our study provides a robust baseline for the diel variation in mammal activity, allowing for more accurate assessments of their behavior.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular Plasticity and Adaptation of High-Altitude Birds and Mammals. 高海拔鸟类和哺乳动物的心血管可塑性和适应性。

IF 3.5 1区生物学

Integrative zoology Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12996

Huishang She, Yanhua Qu

{"title":"Cardiovascular Plasticity and Adaptation of High-Altitude Birds and Mammals.","authors":"Huishang She, Yanhua Qu","doi":"10.1111/1749-4877.12996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12996","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to a hypoxic environment at high altitudes imposes severe pressure on animals living there, which utilize substantial cardiovascular and respiratory responses to meet the physiological challenge of oxygen requirement. These responses may result from phenotypic plasticity through short-term exposure (i.e., within a generation) to a new environment or shaped by adaptation (i.e., many generations) through long-term evolution. For example, plasticity triggers a sympathetic-mediated adrenergic response, resulting in an elevation of heart rate and hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction that eventually contributes to pulmonary hypertension in some animals. Adaptation to high altitudes can drive an increase in muscular capillarization and adaptive cardiac growth, which promote oxygen diffusion and transportation. Exposure to a high-altitude hypoxic environment stimulates excessive erythropoiesis, which has maladaptive effects and contributes to chronic mountain sickness. Maladaptation caused by plasticity at early stages can be reversed during adaptation. Despite extensive research on high-altitude adaptation, the phenotypic changes and genetic variations in cardiovascular systems responding to high-altitude hypoxia remain insufficiently integrated across taxa. While genomic and transcriptomic studies have advanced our understanding, a cross-taxa comparison of cardiovascular adaptations is still incomplete. We here review recent literature on phenotypic plasticity, adaptations, and genetic and transcriptional basis of cardiovascular systems of mammals and birds living in high altitudes with respect to their duration of exposure at high altitudes. By integrating and comparing data across mammalian and avian species, we aim to provide a framework for understanding the plasticity and adaptation of the cardiovascular system in high-altitude environments.","PeriodicalId":13654,"journal":{"name":"Integrative zoology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0