Infrastructures最新文献

Exploring the Cyclic Behaviour of URM Walls with and without Damp-Proof Course (DPC) Membranes through Discrete Element Method 通过离散元素法探索有无防潮层 (DPC) 防水卷材的加固墙体的循环行为

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010011

B. Pulatsu, R. Wilson, José V. Lemos, N. Mojsilović

{"title":"Exploring the Cyclic Behaviour of URM Walls with and without Damp-Proof Course (DPC) Membranes through Discrete Element Method","authors":"B. Pulatsu, R. Wilson, José V. Lemos, N. Mojsilović","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010011","url":null,"abstract":"Unreinforced masonry (URM) walls are common load-bearing structural elements in most existing buildings, consisting of masonry units (bricks) and mortar joints. They indicate a highly nonlinear and complex behaviour when subjected to combined compression–shear loading influenced by different factors, such as pre-compression load and boundary conditions, among many others, which makes predicting their structural response challenging. To this end, the present study offers a discontinuum-based modelling strategy based on the discrete element method (DEM) to investigate the in-plane cyclic response of URM panels under different vertical pressures with and without a damp-proof course (DPC) membrane. The adopted modelling strategy represents URM walls as a group of discrete rigid block systems interacting along their boundaries through the contact points. A novel contact constitutive model addressing the elasto-softening stress–displacement behaviour of unit–mortar interfaces and the associated stiffness degradation in tension–compression regimes is adopted within the implemented discontinuum-based modelling framework. The proposed modelling strategy is validated by comparing a recent experimental campaign where the essential data regarding geometrical features, material properties and loading histories are obtained. The results show that while the proposed computational modelling strategy can accurately capture the hysteric response of URM walls without a DPC membrane, it may underestimate the load-carrying capacity of URM walls with a DPC membrane.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"47 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139449673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling Variability in Seismic Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams: A Parametric Analysis of Koyna and Pine Flat Dams 混凝土重力坝地震分析中的可变性建模：Koyna 大坝和松树坪大坝的参数分析

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010010

B. Patra, Rocio L. Segura, Ashutosh Bagchi

{"title":"Modeling Variability in Seismic Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams: A Parametric Analysis of Koyna and Pine Flat Dams","authors":"B. Patra, Rocio L. Segura, Ashutosh Bagchi","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010010","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the vital issue of the variability associated with modeling decisions in dam seismic analysis. Traditionally, structural modeling and simulations employ a progressive approach, where more complex models are gradually incorporated. For example, if previous levels indicate insufficient seismic safety margins, a more advanced analysis is then undertaken. Recognizing the constraints and evaluating the influence of various methods is essential for improving the comprehension and effectiveness of dam safety assessments. To this end, an extensive parametric study is carried out to evaluate the seismic response variability of the Koyna and Pine Flat dams using various solution approaches and model complexities. Numerical simulations are conducted in a 2D framework across three software programs, encompassing different dam system configurations. Additional complexity is introduced by simulating reservoir dynamics with Westergaard-added mass or acoustic elements. Linear and nonlinear analyses are performed, incorporating pertinent material properties, employing the concrete damage plasticity model in the latter. Modal parameters and crest displacement time histories are used to highlight variability among the selected solution procedures and model complexities. Finally, recommendations are made regarding the adequacy and robustness of each method, specifying the scenarios in which they are most effectively applied.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"40 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139449466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smartphone-Based Cost-Effective Pavement Performance Model Development Using a Machine Learning Technique with Limited Data 利用有限数据的机器学习技术开发基于智能手机的经济高效路面性能模型

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010009

Samiulhaq Wasiq, A. Golroo

{"title":"Smartphone-Based Cost-Effective Pavement Performance Model Development Using a Machine Learning Technique with Limited Data","authors":"Samiulhaq Wasiq, A. Golroo","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010009","url":null,"abstract":"Road networks play a significant role in each country’s economy, especially in countries such as Afghanistan, which is strategically located in the international transit path from Europe to East Asia. In such a country, pavement performance models are fundamental for the pavement maintenance planning that provides high-quality infrastructure for transporting goods and travelers. However, due to the lack of a budget for pavement monitoring and maintenance in Afghanistan, transportation networks and pavement condition data have not been widely acquired for the development of a pavement performance model. The main aim of this study is to use a machine learning technique to, for the first time, develop a pavement performance model for Afghanistan that uses simple, cost-effective, and fairly accurate data—collected via smartphones—and that is based on a case study of over 550 km of Afghanistan’s highways. First, the current condition of Afghanistan’s road network is investigated using a smartphone. Then, collected data are prepared and analyzed so as to estimate the pavement condition index (PCI). Finally, a pavement performance model for PCI is developed using pavement age with an adequate coefficient of determination of 0.70 and successfully validated. It is concluded that the proposed approach is efficient and effective when developing a performance model in other developing countries encountering such data and budget limitations.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"39 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State of the Art Review of Ageing of Bituminous Binders and Asphalt Mixtures: Ageing Simulation Techniques, Ageing Inhibitors and the Relationship between Simulated Ageing and Field Ageing 沥青胶结料和沥青混合料老化的最新进展回顾：老化模拟技术、老化抑制剂以及模拟老化与现场老化之间的关系

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010008

Ahmed Abouelsaad, Greg White, Ali Jamshidi

{"title":"State of the Art Review of Ageing of Bituminous Binders and Asphalt Mixtures: Ageing Simulation Techniques, Ageing Inhibitors and the Relationship between Simulated Ageing and Field Ageing","authors":"Ahmed Abouelsaad, Greg White, Ali Jamshidi","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010008","url":null,"abstract":"Asphalt mixtures age during service in the field, primarily as the result of chemical changes in the bituminous binder phase. The ageing phenomenon changes the properties of the asphalt mixture, including the stiffness modulus, the resistance to deformation and the resistance to cracking, and it leads to surface weathering or erosion that often leads to pavement resurfacing. Consequently, many researchers have attempted to understand and to simulate the ageing of bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures in the laboratory. This review of bituminous binder and asphalt mixture ageing considers ageing simulation techniques, the effect of ageing on both bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures, the potential benefits of ageing inhibitors, and efforts to relate simulated laboratory ageing to observed field ageing. It is concluded that ageing has a significant effect on the properties of bituminous binders and asphalt mixtures, and that improved simulated ageing is important for comparing the effect of ageing on different materials and mixtures, as well as for quantifying the potential benefits of ageing inhibitors, which have generally been promising. It is also concluded that current ageing protocols are based on heat only, omitting the important contribution of solar radiation to the weathering and ageing of asphalt surfaces in the field. In the future, different simulated ageing protocols should be developed for binder and mixture samples. Similarly, a different ageing protocol is appropriate for understanding base-layer fatigue, compared to research on surface-layer weathering. Finally, it is concluded that a universal ageing protocol is unlikely to be found and that mixture- and climate-specific protocols need to be developed. However, given the importance of simulated ageing to asphalt researchers, the development of reliable, robust and calibrated laboratory ageing protocols is essential for the future.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"132 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Generation of Digital Data and Models from Point Clouds: Application to a Pedestrian Bridge Structure 从点云生成数字数据和模型：应用于人行天桥结构

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010006

F. Catbas, Jacob Anthony Cano, Furkan Luleci, Lori C. Walters, Robert A. Michlowitz

{"title":"On the Generation of Digital Data and Models from Point Clouds: Application to a Pedestrian Bridge Structure","authors":"F. Catbas, Jacob Anthony Cano, Furkan Luleci, Lori C. Walters, Robert A. Michlowitz","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010006","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the capture of digital data and the development of models for structures with incomplete documentation and plans. LiDAR technology is utilized to obtain the point clouds of a pedestrian bridge structure. Two different point clouds with varying densities, (i) fine (11 collection locations) and (ii) coarse (4 collection locations), collected via terrestrial LiDAR, are analyzed to generate geometry and structural sections. This geometry is compared to the structural plans, which are then converted into numerical models (finite element—FE model) based on the point cloud data. Point cloud-based FE models (based on fine and coarse data) are compared with the structural plan-based FE model. It is observed that the static and dynamic responses are comparable within an acceptable range of a maximum difference of 5.5% for static deformation and an 8.23% frequency difference, with an average difference of less than 5%. Additionally, the dynamic properties of the fine and coarse point cloud FE models are compared with the operational modal analysis data obtained from the bridge. The fine and course point-cloud-based FE models, without model calibration, achieve an average accuracy of 8.76% and 9.94% for natural frequencies and a 0.89 modal assurance criterion value. The research found that the digital data generation yields promising results in this case for a bridge if documentation or plans are unavailable. With recent technologies and approaches such as digital twins, the connection between physical and virtual entities needs to be established by fusing digital models, sensorial information, and other data forms for better infrastructure management. Models such as those investigated and discussed in this paper can assist engineers with structural preservation in conjunction with monitoring data and utilization for digital twins.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of the Response of Masonry Walls under Blast Loading Using Artificial Neural Networks 利用人工神经网络预测砌体墙在爆炸荷载下的响应

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010005

Sipho G. Thango, G. Drosopoulos, S. M. Motsa, G. Stavroulakis

{"title":"Prediction of the Response of Masonry Walls under Blast Loading Using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"Sipho G. Thango, G. Drosopoulos, S. M. Motsa, G. Stavroulakis","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010005","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology to predict key aspects of the structural response of masonry walls under blast loading using artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented in this paper. The failure patterns of masonry walls due to in and out-of-plane loading are complex due to the potential opening and sliding of the mortar joint interfaces between the masonry stones. To capture this response, advanced computational models can be developed requiring a significant amount of resources and computational effort. The article uses an advanced non-linear finite element model to capture the failure response of masonry walls under blast loads, introducing unilateral contact-friction laws between stones and damage mechanics laws for the stones. Parametric finite simulations are automatically conducted using commercial finite element software linked with MATLAB R2019a and Python. A dataset is then created and used to train an artificial neural network. The trained neural network is able to predict the out-of-plane response of the masonry wall for random properties of the blast load (standoff distance and weight). The results indicate that the accuracy of the proposed framework is satisfactory. A comparison of the computational time needed for a single finite element simulation and for a prediction of the out-of-plane response of the wall by the trained neural network highlights the benefits of the proposed machine learning approach in terms of computational time and resources. Therefore, the proposed approach can be used to substitute time consuming explicit dynamic finite element simulations and used as a reliable tool in the fast prediction of the masonry response under blast actions.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Topographic Measurements and Statistical Analysis in Static Load Testing of Railway Bridge Piers 铁路桥墩静载测试中的地形测量和统计分析

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010004

M. Pepe, D. Costantino, V. Alfio

引用次数: 0

Deep Learning-Based Steel Bridge Corrosion Segmentation and Condition Rating Using Mask RCNN and YOLOv8 使用掩模 RCNN 和 YOLOv8 进行基于深度学习的钢桥锈蚀分割和状态评级

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010003

Zahra Ameli, Shabnam Jafarpoor Nesheli, Eric N. Landis

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Steel Bridge Corrosion Segmentation and Condition Rating Using Mask RCNN and YOLOv8","authors":"Zahra Ameli, Shabnam Jafarpoor Nesheli, Eric N. Landis","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010003","url":null,"abstract":"The application of deep learning (DL) algorithms has become of great interest in recent years due to their superior performance in structural damage identification, including the detection of corrosion. There has been growing interest in the application of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for corrosion detection and classification. However, current approaches primarily involve detecting corrosion within bounding boxes, lacking the segmentation of corrosion with irregular boundary shapes. As a result, it becomes challenging to quantify corrosion areas and severity, which is crucial for engineers to rate the condition of structural elements and assess the performance of infrastructures. Furthermore, training an efficient deep learning model requires a large number of corrosion images and the manual labeling of every single image. This process can be tedious and labor-intensive. In this project, an open-source steel bridge corrosion dataset along with corresponding annotations was generated. This database contains 514 images with various corrosion severity levels, gathered from a variety of steel bridges. A pixel-level annotation was performed according to the Bridge Inspectors Reference Manual (BIRM) and the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) regulations for corrosion condition rating (defect #1000). Two state-of-the-art semantic segmentation algorithms, Mask RCNN and YOLOv8, were trained and validated on the dataset. These trained models were then tested on a set of test images and the results were compared. The trained Mask RCNN and YOLOv8 models demonstrated satisfactory performance in segmenting and rating corrosion, making them suitable for practical applications.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":"103 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Generic Component for Analytic Hierarchy Process-Based Decision Support and Its Application for Postindustrial Area Management 基于层次分析法的决策支持通用组件及其在后工业区管理中的应用

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010002

Marcin Michalak, J. Bagiński, Andrzej Białas, Artur Kozłowski, Marek Sikora

引用次数: 0

Stochastic Simulation of Construction Methods for Multi-purpose Utility Tunnels 多功能公用事业隧道施工方法的随机模拟

IF 2.6

Infrastructures Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9010001

Shayan Jorjam, Mohammed Mawlana, Amin Hammad

{"title":"Stochastic Simulation of Construction Methods for Multi-purpose Utility Tunnels","authors":"Shayan Jorjam, Mohammed Mawlana, Amin Hammad","doi":"10.3390/infrastructures9010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures9010001","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional method of installing underground utilities (e.g., water, sewer, gas pipes, electrical cables) by burying them under roads has been used for decades. However, the repeated excavations related to this method cause problems, such as traffic congestion and business disruption, which can significantly increase financial and social costs. Multi-purpose Utility Tunnels (MUTs) are a good alternative for buried utilities. Although the initial cost of MUTs is higher than that of the traditional method, social cost savings make them more feasible, especially in dense urban areas. Different factors, such as the specifications of utilities, the location of the MUTs, and the construction method, should be investigated to determine if MUTs can be an economical and practical alternative. The construction method is one of the most important factors to assess to have a successful MUT project and reduce its impact on the surrounding area. Simulation can be used to investigate the different construction methods of MUTs. In this paper, two Stochastic Discrete Event Simulation models depicting two MUT construction methods (i.e., microtunneling and cut-and-cover) are developed to analyze the duration and cost of the MUT projects. Also, 4D simulation models of these methods are developed for constructability assessment of these projects.","PeriodicalId":13601,"journal":{"name":"Infrastructures","volume":" 497","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0