Infection and Drug Resistance最新文献

{"title":"Distribution and Epidemiological Characteristics of Clinical Isolates of <i>A. fumigatus</i> in a Hospital from 2021 to 2023: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Zhongqiu You, Yunying Yan, Tingting Fu, Xiao Yang, Zhirui Li, Lijun Zhou, Feng Zang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S507944","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S507944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The distribution characteristics of clinical isolates of <i>A. fumigatus</i> were analyzed to provide the basis for the prevention and control of <i>A. fumigatus</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2021 to December 2023, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University collected clinical isolates of <i>A. fumigatus</i> from hospitalized patients for study. Duplicate strains from the same patient in the same area were eliminated, and community-, hospital-, and colonization infections were grouped.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 561 clinical isolates of <i>A. fumigatus</i> were identified, with 402 (82.35%) originating from male patients and 159 (17.65%) from female patients. The percentage of individuals aged 51 to 90 years was 78.97% (443/561). With the exception of surgery, which predominantly involved colonization, other departments mainly exhibited community-acquired infections (CAI) (<i>P</i>=0.002). The length of hospital stay was less than <15-30 days for most cases in the healthcare-associated infection group (HAI) (<i>P</i><0.001). Lower respiratory tract infection accounted for the main site of infection across all three groups (95.37%), with ventilator-associated pneumonia being most prevalent in the HAI group (<i>P</i><0.001). The detection rates of <i>A. fumigatus</i> from 2021 to 2023 were 3.89‱, 7.15‱, and 12.50‱, respectively. The detection frequencies of <i>A. fumigatus</i> throughout the three groups exhibited a year-on-year increase (P<0.001). Sputum samples constituted the main source of clinical isolates for all three groups, accounting for 61 strains (89.71%), 277 strains (78.69%), and 122 strains (86.52%) respectively, followed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The detection rate of <i>A. fumigatus</i> has exhibited a consistent upward trend over the past three years, with varying epidemiological characteristics observed across different infection types. It is recommended that medical institutions develop targeted prevention and control measures for <i>A. fumigatus</i> infections based on these unique characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1199-1208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidermolysis Bullosa with Esophageal Complications and Co-Infection with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>: A Case Report.","authors":"Yingmin Lin, Wei Kong, Shuying Li, Min Wang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S497443","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S497443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic skin disorders that are hereditary and heterogeneous, characterized by skin and mucosal fragility and blister formation, often induced by minimal trauma. Esophageal complications represent a significant extracutaneous manifestation of EB. The lack of standardized diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines of EB with esophageal complications contributes to inconsistent management and a higher susceptibility to recurrence. For patients with EB experiencing digestive tract symptoms, there are few reports that specifically address the follow-up and continuity of mucosal repair treatment. To date, EB with esophageal complications and co-infection with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) has been rarely reported. The impact of <i>H. pylori</i> infection on EB remains unclear. Here, we report a case of a 26-year-old man diagnosed with EB and esophageal complications. The patient presented with post-sternal pain, dysphagia, esophageal obstruction, and vomiting. Gastroscopy revealed scattered flake erosions on the esophageal mucosa. The pathological examination revealed inflammatory granulation tissue with necrosis and focal squamous epithelium showing mild atypical hyperplasia. Significant improvement in symptoms was observed after long-term mucosal repair therapy. After being lost to follow-up, the patient developed symptomatic exacerbation and co-infection with <i>H. pylori</i>. The patient's condition improved after the eradication of <i>H. pylori</i>, combined with ongoing treatment for esophageal complications and regular follow-up. Patients with EB who have esophageal complications require long-term mucosal repair treatment and regular follow-up. Co-infection with <i>H. pylori</i> may be an important factor in disease recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1215-1222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting of Distribution and Changing of Antibiotic Resistance in Gram-Positive Bacteria from Bile of Patients with Acute Cholangitis.","authors":"Yuqi Hao, Lianxin Li, Wenting Du, Jinshuai Lu","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S482375","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S482375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gram-negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens responsible for biliary infections; however, the prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria is currently increasing. Investigating the bacterial spectrum and evolving antibiotic resistance patterns of Gram-positive bacteria is crucial for optimizing the management of acute cholangitis, particularly in the context of the global rise in antibiotic resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis focused on Gram-positive bacteria isolated from the bile of patients undergoing biliary drainage with acute cholangitis at our hospital from January 1, 2018, to March 31, 2024. In total, 342 strains of Gram-positive bacteria were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main Gram-positive bacteria detected included Enterococcus (57.23%), Staphylococcus (23.41%), and Streptococcus (13.01%). The most common species detected were <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> (36.42%), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (14.16%), and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (7.80%). Trend analysis revealed a decrease in the proportion of Enterococcus and an increase in Streptococcus. Additionally, the detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS) showed a significant rise. Gram-positive bacteria exhibited high resistance to erythromycin and penicillin but remained highly susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin. Further, resistance to quinolones among Gram-positive bacteria was notably elevated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bacterial spectrum and antibiotic resistance patterns of Gram-positive bacteria in acute cholangitis have undergone significant changes. Penicillin is not recommended for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance should be closely monitored when using quinolones. Particular attention is warranted regarding the markedly increasing antibiotic resistance of <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1187-1197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11874747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Predicting Disease Severity in Chlamydia psittaci Infection Based on Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.","authors":"Mingzhu Huang, Yuefeng Wang, Yun Lu, Wenxin Qu, Qianda Zou, Dan Zhang, Yifei Shen, Dongsheng Han, Fei Yu, Shufa Zheng","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S509879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S509879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psittacosis pneumonia, as a zoonotic infection, is induced by the pathogen <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i>. In the present study, we sought to characterize the clinical manifestations and prognosticate the severity of psittacosis pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively verified instances of psittacosis pneumonia in Zhejiang province, China, from January 2021 to April 2024. Relevant data pertaining to epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory aspects were compiled and evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 110 individuals enrolled who were diagnosed with psittacosis pneumonia, the median age being 62.0 years (IQR, 53-69 years). The most common comorbidities were hypertension (36.4%) and diabetes mellitus (17.3%). Patients categorized as having severe disease (n=68) were significantly older than those with mild disease (n=42). Most patients had notable elevations in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, total bilirubin (TBil), and interleukin-6, as along with significant reductions in lymphocytes, monocytes, albumin, and interleukin-4. Chest CT scans showed bilateral lung involvement in 70 cases. In the cohort of patients having received empirical antibiotic therapy, 57.3% had their antibacterial medication adjusted in light of the mNGS findings. mNGS results indicated that 31.8% (35/110) had suspected coinfections. The random forest classifiers based upon the clinical and laboratory characteristics attained AUC values of 0.822.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The study underscores the efficacy of mNGS as a robust diagnostic tool for detecting Chlamydia psittaci, which can simultaneously detect other pathogens and guide clinical treatment. Severe patients exhibit significant inflammatory imbalances and lymphocyte depletion. A predictive model based on clinical and laboratory data at admission can effectively guide early clinical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1171-1181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Escherichia coli</i> ST542 Co-Harbouring <i>bla</i> _NDM-1 and <i>mcr-1</i> in a Pig Farm, China.","authors":"Peng-Yun Shao, Yue Jiang, Cai-Yue Mei, Wenyi Li, Zhen-Yu Wang, Xinan Jiao, Jing Wang, Lin Sun","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S508552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S508552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1183-1186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Inter-Relationships Among the Risk Factors for Pulmonary Infection and the Diagnostic Utility of Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Wenwen Qin, Tiebin You, Tai Guo, Ruixin Tian, Xiaoman Cui, Ping Wang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S491507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S491507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze independent risk factors and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria associated with pulmonary infection (PI) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); and to explore the utility of peripheral blood-related inflammatory markers in the diagnosis of PI after comprehensive treatment of NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed patients who were first diagnosed with NSCLC and received anti-tumor therapy from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. There were 150 males and 50 females enrolled, and with a median age of 63 years. They were divided into PI (n=59) and non-PI (n=141) groups. The patients' characteristics, treatment histories, and peripheral blood inflammatory indicators of the two groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-two strains of pathogens were isolated from 59 patients with NSCLC complicated by PI, of which 35 (42.7%) were Gram-negative and 29 (35.4%) were Gram-positive bacteria, 15 (18.3%) were fungi, and 3 (3.7%) were viruses. Logistic regression analysis revealed that ≥ 4 cycles of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and higher neutrophil count before antineoplastic treatment were independent risk factors for PI in patients with NSCLC (P<0.05). C-reactive protein (CRP) and CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR) exhibited high area under the curve values of 0.807 and 0.791, respectively. CRP demonstrated high sensitivity (Cutoff Value:10.095, P<0.001), whereas CAR had high specificity (Cutoff Value:0.747, P<0.001) for the early diagnosis of PI in patients with NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens causing PI in patients with NSCLC. Greater than or equal to 4 cycles of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and elevated neutrophil count before antineoplastic treatment were independent risk factors for PI in patients with NSCLC. Elevated CRP levels and higher CAR demonstrated a certain diagnostic utility for PI in patients with NSCLC after antitumor treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1111-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Vaginal Trichomoniasis Infection and Metronidazole Resistance in Vaginitis Patients.","authors":"Guixue Lv, Xunrong Cao, Chunfeng Zheng","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S505326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S505326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics of vaginal trichomoniasis infection among vaginitis patients and assess their resistance to metronidazole.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study involving 687 vaginitis patients who visited our hospital from April 2022 to June 2024. Clinical data were collected through questionnaires that included information on age, occupation, season of infection, marital status, contraceptive methods, and frequency of vulvar hygiene. Vaginal secretions were examined for trichomoniasis, and the characteristics of the infection were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing vaginal trichomoniasis infection. Infected vaginal trichomonas samples were cultured in vitro, and metronidazole gradient concentration plates were prepared to determine the minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of metronidazole against vaginal trichomonas, allowing for an assessment of resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 687 vaginitis patients, 65 were diagnosed with vaginal trichomoniasis, resulting in an infection rate of 9.46%. Significant differences in infection rates were observed based on age, occupation, season of infection, marital status, contraceptive methods, and frequency of vulvar hygiene (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The infection rate of vaginal trichomoniasis is notably higher in younger vaginitis patients compared to middle-aged and elderly individuals, with a peak occurrence in spring. Higher rates were also noted among farmers, married individuals, those using oral contraceptives or no contraception, and those with infrequent vulvar cleaning. Additionally, resistance to metronidazole was identified in some cases. Clinical efforts should prioritize prevention and treatment strategies for high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1161-1169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating a Dual-Gene qPCR Melting Curve Assay for Rapid Detection of Tuberculosis in Suspected Pulmonary Cases.","authors":"Jun Ma, Li Wang, Xubin Zheng, Haiyan Cui, Wei Sha","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S498180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S498180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>New economic, rapid, and efficient diagnostic methods are desirable for the control of tuberculosis. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a dual-gene qPCR melting curve assay (DGPMC) in detecting tuberculosis among patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The DGPMC assay based on <i>rpoB</i> and <i>IS6110</i> gene sequences has been established for detection of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>. A prospective study was conducted among adult patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis from June 2021 to September 2023 at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, China. All patients received symptom assessment, high-resolution chest CT scan, and bronchoscopy. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected for mycobacterial culture and acid-fast staining, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and DGPMC assay. The diagnostic performance of DGPMC assay was evaluated against the composite reference standard.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 240 patients were included in this trial, including 80 (33.3%) asymptomatic patients. Clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed in 191 (79.6%) patients and 49 (20.4%) patients were confirmed without tuberculosis. The overall sensitivity of the DGPMC assay was 55.0% (95% CI: 47.6-62.1%), and the corresponding specificity was 85.7% (95% CI: 72.1-93.6%) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. The sensitivity of DGPMC assay was higher than that of GeneXpert test (55.0% vs 47.1%, P = 0.038). The Youden index and weighted Youden index of the DGPMC assay were 40.7% and 28.4%, respectively. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the sensitivity was 32.4% (95% CI: 22.3-44.4%) in the individuals with negative results for both culture and GeneXpert test. The DGPMC assay performed significantly better than the melting curves based on <i>rpoB</i> gene or <i>IS6110</i> gene alone (P = 0.0000; P = 0.0020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DGPMC assay is an alternative tool favorable for the detection of tuberculosis in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in the patients with low bacterial load.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1135-1147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics Analysis of 30 Cases of Interferon-γ Autoantibody-Positive Patients with Concurrent Mycobacterial Infection: A 6-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Chun-Yan Zhao, Chang Song, Hua-Wei He, Xian-Zhen Huang, Xia-Yan Meng, Ai-Chun Huang, Chao-Yan Xu, Li-Li Luo, Shao-Yong Xi, Yan-Qun Lan, Wei-Wen Li, Yan-Rong Lin, Qing-Dong Zhu","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S493956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S493956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate and elucidate the clinical characteristics, immune status, infection types and patterns, treatment responses, and disease progression in patients with positive anti-interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) autoantibodies in combination with Mycobacterium infections.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from patients with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies and concurrent Mycobacterial infections, including Mycobacterial infections (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The study included cases treated at the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, from 2018 to 2023. Data collected comprised symptoms, clinical signs, laboratory test results, imaging findings, and other relevant clinical information. Patients were also followed up to evaluate treatment responses and long-term therapeutic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 30 patients with MTB and NTM infections were analyzed. The majority presented with common symptoms, such as cough, sputum production, weight loss, extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and a range of opportunistic infections. Laboratory and imaging studies revealed complex infection patterns and various pathological changes. Treatment primarily involved targeted anti-infective therapy combined with immunosupportive measures. However, frequent treatment relapses and side effects were observed, resulting in two deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immune deficiency associated with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies resembles the immunosuppression seen in advanced stages of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), rendering patients highly susceptible to opportunistic infections. These infections were predominantly caused by NTM, followed by MTB and <i>Talaromyces marneffei</i> (TM). This represents a novel immune deficiency syndrome that predisposes patients to a spectrum of opportunistic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1097-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 Case Series in China: Sequelae and Effectiveness of Vaccination and Antiviral Drugs.","authors":"Min Ren","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S499058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S499058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the study: </strong>This study investigated post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) sequelae among a sample of the Chinese population, and determined the statistical significance of correlations between age, sex, number of COVID-19 vaccinations, number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, development of pneumonia, use of specific drugs (namatevir/ritonavir, azvudine, molnupiravir), chronic underlying diseases, and post-COVID-19 sequelae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 869 patients, who visited the Emergency Department of Beijing Shijitan Hospital (Beijing, China) between December 7, 2022 to January 31, 2024, were collected. The criteria for admission: Age ≥ 14 years old, and diagnosed with ≥ 1 positive result on nucleic acid or antigen tests. Retrospectively analyzed the main manifestations of sequelae, statistical analysis of the relationship between age; sex; underlying diseases; number of COVID-19 vaccinations received; use of specific antiviral drugs for COVID-19 and prognosis, and statistical analyses, including logistic regression, were performed. Differences with P < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Before entering the model, variables are screened using stepwise regression to ensure that the selected variables are the main ones related to the research question, thereby controlling for confounding factors. SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, USA) was used for statistical analysis. In this study, the duration of sequelae ranged from 2 to 13 months.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>This study retrospectively analyzed 869 patients (415 male, 454 female), with an average age of 61.52 ± 23.09 years. There were 401 patients without underlying conditions and 468 patients with one or more underlying conditions. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination status, 320 patients were unvaccinated, while 576 patients received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Additionally, 514 patients received antiviral medication, while 355 did not receive antiviral treatment. The primary manifestations of post-COVID-19 included shortness of breath, dizziness and weakness, chronic pneumonia, asthma, and reduced sense of smell. Individuals ≥ 70 years of age were more prone to COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients with underlying disease(s) exhibited statistically higher mortality rates after diagnosis of COVID-19. Vaccination against COVID-19 and the use of specific drugs had a statistically significant effect on mortality and the occurrence of post-COVID-19 sequelae. There was no statistically significant difference in COVID-19 infection rates between males and females, although males were more prone to COVID-19 pneumonia. Young women with COVID-19 often experienced no sequelae, and elderly males exhibited a high mortality rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"1125-1133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}