Infection and Drug Resistance最新文献

{"title":"A Rare Case of Coinfection of <i>Rhodococcus equi</i> and <i>Nocardia abscessus</i> in an Immunocompetent Human Host.","authors":"Jinjing Tian, Xia Li, Xiufang Lu, Gengpu Ren, Meng Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S528119","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S528119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Rhodococcus</i> and <i>Nocardia spp.</i> are aerobic, gram-positive bacteria distributed extensively in the sediment of various environments globally. They usually manifest as opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. Here, we report a coinfection case of <i>Rhodococcus</i> and <i>Nocardia spp.</i> in a patient with normal immune system.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present a case of a 52-year-old healthy man who sustained right hand injury at work. The patient exhibited post-traumatic infection. The skin of the right palm was swollen with acute pain, and active flexion and extension of his fingers were limited. Ultrasound scanning of the dorsolateral aspect of the right hand showed an uneven echogenic area of about 3.5 cm × 1.3 cm × 0.9 cm in the deep surface of the extensor muscles between the 4th and 5th metacarpals. The patient underwent right hand debridement and negative pressure suction under brachial plexus anesthesia. After bacterial cultures of the pus and necrotic tissues, <i>Rhodococcus equi</i> and <i>Nocardia abscessus</i> were determined using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) (Zybio, China). Treatment with a combination of levofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole led to a favorable clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report highlights the necessity and urgency of precise species identification, providing a critical guide for physicians in the choice of targeted treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4207-4213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxing Shigan Decoction Mitigates <i>Mycoplasma pneumonia</i>-Induced Pyroptosis in A549 Cells via the NLRP3 Inflammasome [Retraction].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S560887","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S560887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S292413.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4187-4188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Screening to Strategy: Targeted Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Infection Prediction After Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).","authors":"Jundi Wang, Kaisheng Su, Shuying Wang, Yanfei Yang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S532928","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S532928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invariably, patients can be exposed to Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) through contaminated device during Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We aimed to identify the risk factors and establish a model for predicting subsequent CRE infections in patients with CRE-positive bile screening after ERCP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients underwent ERCP were performed with bile active screening of CRE. Medical records were reviewed to identify patient demographics, comorbidities, microbiology and antimicrobial treatments. The results were grouped according to the occurrence of subsequent CRE infection, and the patients were divided into two groups: a CRE infection group and a non-CRE infection group. The diagnosis for CRE infection was confirmed by more than 2 physicians. Logistic regression methods were used to determine the risk factors for CRE infections. The risk prediction model was constructed by integrating the clinical data and the result of logistic regression, by a nomogram and forest plot. Finally, goodness of fit of the final model was tested using the likelihood ratio test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Central venous catheterization (OR=11.32; 95% CI 1.15-40.62), cholecystitis (OR=3.82; 95% CI 1.12-13.01), malignancy (OR=4.33; 95% CI 1.41-13.35) and the antimicrobial drug use (OR=1.08; 95% CI 1.03-1.14) were considered as highly relevant risk factors for subsequent CRE infections in bile active screening positive patients. The goodness of fit test indicated that the model was well-calibrated for both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A targeted active screening in bile samples can be beneficial for patients with high risk factors of CRE infections. The nomogram developed in this study can help clinicians accurately predict the possibility of patients with subsequent CRE infections after ERCP, so as to facilitate more precise individualized treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4189-4199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Knock-Down Resistance Mutations in Head-Louse Populations in Jazan, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Noha Talal Zelai","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S539626","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S539626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pediculosis <i>capitis</i> remains a persistent public-health concern. Although pyrethroids are still the first-line treatment, their effectiveness is threatened by knock-down resistance (kdr), which arises from point mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of kdr mutations in head lice populations across different regions of Jazan, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 59 head-louse specimens from multiple regions of Jazan were analyzed by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of a 908-bp fragment of the VSSC α-subunit gene.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The T917I mutation showed the highest allele frequency (0.38) and was concentrated in Jazan's southern and eastern border areas.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>While overall kdr prevalence in Jazan is low, targeted surveillance is warranted in these regions, where resistance appears to be emerging.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4201-4206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing the Anticancer Drug Cisplatin for Antibacterial Therapy: Evaluating Its Efficacy Against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Infections.","authors":"Hussam Daghistani, Dalya Attallah, Mona Abdulrahman Alqarni, Bandar Hasan Saleh, Nabeel H Alhussainy, Ahmad M Sait, Mohammed Mufrrih, Wafaa Alhazmi, Ohood S Alharbi, Khulud A Alhazmi, Rawan Altalhi, Waiel S Halabi, Sarah Almuhayya, Faye A Aldehalan, Hala Altarawneh, Mohammad Abu Lubad, Sulaiman M S Bani Abdel-Rahman, Abdelbagi Alfadil, Karem Ibrahem","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S524005","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S524005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The rising global threat of antimicrobial resistance, particularly among multidrug-resistant pathogens like <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, has prompted research into repurposing existing drugs with established safety profiles. Cisplatin, a well-known anticancer agent, has shown preliminary antimicrobial activity but its efficacy against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> has not been thoroughly explored. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of cisplatin against clinical strains of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study assessed whether cisplatin could serve as a novel therapeutic option for treating infections caused by <i>P. aeruginosa</i> via broth microdilution assay, especially as the pathogen shows increasing resistance to last-resort antibiotics such as meropenem, colistin, and tigecycline. Findings from this research could contribute to expanding the arsenal of treatments for resistant <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 54.9% of isolates had an MIC of 16 µg/mL, 26.8% had 32 µg/mL, 12.7% had 64 µg/mL, and 5.6% had 8 µg/mL. While cisplatin demonstrated antibacterial activity, no statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> = 0.089) was observed between sensitive and resistant strains. A key limitation of this study is the small number of both resistant and sensitive strains, which limits statistical power. Increasing the sample size in future studies will allow for a more robust assessment of cisplatin's efficacy and validate the observed MIC similarities. Additionally, further studies including resistance assays, time-kill kinetics, and in vivo models are needed to explore its bactericidal potential and efficacy in combination with β-lactams.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although cisplatin exhibited activity against <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, its clinical potential remains uncertain, and further investigation is necessary to optimize its use and overcome resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4179-4186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival and Its Determinants of HIV/AIDS Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in Two National Referral Hospitals in Eritrea: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Fitsum Kibreab, Mulugeta Russom, Araia Berhane, Minassie Mengisteab Araia, Moyosola A Bamidele, Laurent Cleenewerck de Kiev","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S517582","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S517582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>HIV/AIDS continues to be a significant public health concern globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. In Eritrea, despite access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), many people living with HIV (PLHIV) continue to experience early mortality. Furthermore, survival analysis among those patients has not been conducted. Thus, this study aimed to assess the survival rates and identify the determinants of PLHIV on ART in two national referral hospitals in Eritrea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was used to recruit PLHIV aged 15 years or above who started ART between August 2005 and December 31, 2020, in Halibet National Referral Hospital (HNRH) and Orotta National Referral and Teaching Hospital. Data were extracted from a database and patients' medical records (patients' medical cards, laboratory results, and registries). The Kaplan-Meier estimator and the extended Cox proportional hazards regression were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 3646 study participants, 11.5% died, 55.7% were on follow-up, 14.2% transferred out, and 18.5% lost to follow-up. The mortality rate was 1.32 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 1.20-1.44). Furthermore, by the end of the follow-up period, 79.7% of the patients survived. Of those who died, 70% and 60% survived their first and second year of ART initiation, respectively. Age above 45 years (HR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05-2.37), ambulatory functional status (HR=2.49, 95% CI: 1.79-3.47), bedridden functional status (HR=2.88, 95% CI: 1.77-4.69), poor adherence (HR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.09-2.28), fair adherence (HR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.66-2.89) were predictors of poor survival. Conversely, CD4 count (cell/mm) 101-200 (HR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.25-0.55), 201-350 (HR=0.18, 95% CI: 0.11-0.27), above 350 (HR=0.05, 95% CI: 0.02-0.07), body weight 45-60 kg (HR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.59-0.94), weight above 60 kg (HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.39-0.72), widowed (HR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.36-0.67), and residing outside Zoba Maekel (HR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.82) were predictors of good survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mortality rate is relatively low. PLHIV who started ART above 45 years, bedridden and ambulatory, and those with poor adherence were more likely to have lower survival. HIV/AIDS control programs and other stakeholders are strongly recommended to strengthen community awareness of the importance of early testing, immediate initiation of ART, regular follow-up and treatment adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4165-4178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Predictive Model for Neonatal Hospital-Acquired Gastrointestinal Infections Utilizing Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms.","authors":"Hui Shao, Huajuan Chen, Xiujuan Wang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S533904","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S533904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate a predictive model for neonatal gastrointestinal infections using multiple machine learning algorithms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 176 neonates diagnosed with nosocomial gastrointestinal infections in NICU between 2020 and 2024, along with a randomly selected control group of 675 neonates without such diagnoses during their NICU stay. The study examined 29 perinatal and NICU treatment-related risk factors potentially associated with neonatal gastrointestinal infections. The dataset was randomly partitioned into training and testing sets. To address class imbalance and enhance minority class identification, we applied SMOTE to the training set.Feature selection used Boruta, Lasso, and Logistic regression, with consensus features from Venn analysis.Subsequently, eight machine learning algorithms were implemented to construct predictive models. Models were evaluated using AUC, F1 score, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model incorporated nine significant feature variables: gestational age, NE, PLT, central venous catheterization, nasogastric feeding, delivery mode, intrauterine distress, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and probiotic administration. Among the eight machine learning algorithms evaluated, the Neural Network model demonstrated optimal performance - achieving perfect metrics in the training set (AUC=0.895, F1=0.845, Accuracy=0.837, Sensitivity=0.888, Specificity=0.786, Precision=0.806) and robust results in the test set (AUC= 0.876, F1=0.862, Accuracy=0.856, Sensitivity=0.896, Specificity=0.817, Precision=0.830) - thus was selected as the final predictive model. Model interpretability was enhanced through SHAP analysis. Furthermore, a Shiny-based interactive web calculator for neonatal gastrointestinal infection risk prediction was successfully developed based on this model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The model effectively identifies at-risk neonates early, supporting clinical decision-making and timely interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4141-4156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inferior Vena Cava Septic Thrombophlebitis: A Severe Complication of Paraspinal Steroid Injection Leading to Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Dissemination.","authors":"Shuo-Wen Liang, Ning-Chi Wang, Yung-Chih Wang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S544358","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S544358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paraspinal steroid injections, while widely employed for the treatment of back pain, carry risks of serious complications including infection. We describe a 54-year-old immunocompetent woman who developed a disseminated methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) infection following a lumbar paraspinal steroid injection for back pain. She presented with fever, dyspnea, and acute low back pain, progressing to hypoxic respiratory failure requiring intubation. Diagnostic workup revealed MRSA bacteremia complicated by a lumbar spinal epidural abscess, bilateral psoas and quadratus lumborum pyomyositis, inferior vena cava (IVC) septic thrombophlebitis, pulmonary septic emboli, and meningoencephalitis. The patient received intravenous vancomycin and anticoagulation therapy with apixaban. Clinical improvement was observed with resolution of bacteremia and complete radiological resolution of the IVC thrombus after completing an 8-week treatment course. This case underscores the devastating potential of MRSA to transform a localized infection into widespread metastatic disease, driven by its potent virulence factors. It points out the importance of early recognition of systemic complications, including vascular thrombosis and central nervous system involvement, following paraspinal interventions. Moreover, it demonstrates the need for prompt imaging, timely administration of targeted antibiotics, and multidisciplinary management. Given the increasing use of corticosteroid injections and rising concerns about antibiotic-resistant pathogens, this case serves as a reminder of potential iatrogenic complications and the critical importance of infection control and vigilant monitoring. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for deep-seated infections in patients presenting with systemic symptoms after steroid injection, even in the absence of overt immunosuppression.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4157-4164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eravacycline Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Real-World Retrospective Study.","authors":"Juan Chen, Xingxian Qian, Bingqing Yue, Huiru Lin, Shuo Ding, Jingyu Chen, Man Huang","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S529016","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S529016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (CRAB) infections were associated with higher mortality and significant healthcare burden. Novel antibiotics provided a powerful weapon against CRAB. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of eravacycline for the treatment of CRAB infections in lung transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, retrospective study that enrolled lung transplant recipients with CRAB infections who received eravacycline for over 72 hours between August 2023 and December 2024. The primary outcome was 28-day survival rate. Secondary outcomes included 14-day survival and clinical failure rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24 lung transplant recipients were enrolled, with a median age of 60.5 years and a predominance of male patients. Nearly half had interstitial lung disease as the primary pulmonary condition. These recipients in our study mainly had pulmonary infections attacked by CRAB, with six individuals suffering septic shock. The median duration of eravacycline therapy was 10 days, with most patients receiving combination therapy. The primary outcome, the 28-day survival rate, was 83.3%, while the secondary outcomes showed a 14-day survival rate of 100% and a clinical failure rate of 37.5%. The median ICU and hospital lengths of stay were 12.5 and 55 days, respectively. A comparison between patients with and without clinical failure showed that those with clinical failure were older, had a higher incidence of septic shock, a higher proportion of continuous renal replacement therapy, and a longer ICU stays. Additionally, these patients exhibited an elevated heart rate, higher levels of ALT and AST, lower protein levels (total protein, albumin), prolonged PT and APTT, and increased level of CRP and PCT at the end of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study presented the clinical efficacy of eravacycline in lung transplant recipients with CRAB infections, providing valuable evidence and clinical experience for its use in organ transplant populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4125-4139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult Hospitalized Mycoplasma Cases in a Tertiary Hospital in Japan.","authors":"Masafumi Seki","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S541327","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S541327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mycoplasma infections have increased globally, including in Japan. Severe pneumonia due to <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (<i>M. pneumoniae</i>) that is resistant to macrolides has been reported in the post-COVID-19 period, but its pathogenesis and detailed treatment regimens are still unclear.</p><p><strong>Case series: </strong>Four adult cases of <i>M. pneumoniae</i> pneumonia that required admission to the hospital in the 2024-2025 season are presented. Case 1: a 17-year-old male without a specific medical history who was admitted with pneumonia with a severe dry cough. <i>Mycoplasma. pneumoniae</i> genes were detected by multiplex PCR from his sputum. The patient's condition improved with minocycline and corticosteroids for 5 days. Case 2: a 88-year-old man with acute kidney injury who was admitted with severe respiratory failure. Mycoplasma antigen was detected in his pharyngeal swab. He received lascufloxacin drip infusion with corticosteroids for 10 days, and soon improved. Case 3: a 38-year-old woman with maxillary carcinoma and a history of aplastic anemia who was admitted with a severe cough. Mycoplasma antigen was detected in her pharyngeal swab. She received minocycline and corticosteroid drip infusion for 1 week, and finally improved. Case 4: a 74-year-old man with multiple systemic atrophies who was admitted with a severe cough and dyspnea. Mycoplasma antigen was detected from his pharyngeal swab and methicillin-susceptible <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MSSA) was isolated from his sputum. The patient was diagnosed with co-infection with mycoplasma and MSSA. He was treated with sulbactam/ampicillin drip infusion and oral administration of minocycline for 2 weeks, and improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All hospitalized adult patients with mycoplasma pneumonia were treated with antibiotics, such as minocycline and fluoroquinolone, along with corticosteroid co-administration, and all of them ultimately improved, although the chest X-ray findings varied. Antibiotics other than macrolides and corticosteroids may be an effective regimen for the treatment of severe mycoplasma pneumonia with potential macrolide resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4119-4124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}