Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Career trajectories of youth. Results of the III St. Petersburg Youth Labor Forum","authors":"O. Nikiforova, E. Sokolova","doi":"10.21638/SPBU12.2019.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU12.2019.208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123955237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Istanbul quarters authenticity: local communities and space design","authors":"A. Artemenko, E. Ü. Yücesoy","doi":"10.21638/SPBU12.2019.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU12.2019.204","url":null,"abstract":"The research subject is the urban space of the modern metropolis historical districts. This space is presented as a contingent, topological formation that forms collective identities and models of social behavior. The authors explore the mechanism of visualization of social practices in the historical areas of Istanbul (Yedikule, Sultan Selim Yavuz, Balat and Dervish Ali). The authors argue that space design reflects the process of converting non-traditional socio-cultural practices in the general city social environment. The use of an interdisciplinary approach to the study revealed the markers of cultural and social practices of the historical districts' population of Istanbul, to conduct a comparative analysis of the urban culture of traditional inhabitants and migrants. The combination of historical, sociological and cultural approaches helped to analyze the formation of cultural norms and values. The article presents the author's view on the history of the formation of ideas about the districts authenticity of Istanbul. Describes the regional specificity of visual practices and the formation of citizen social behavior. The influence of regional migrants on the physical and social space design is demonstrated. Visual practices are both a form of adaptation of migrants and the conversion of practices in the city environment. We have identified visual markers of historical eras and cultural influences on the formation of Istanbul modern urban space. Visual identification of objects that reflect social practices and the corresponding visual changes in the urban space of different periods has been","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125134606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legitimacy for innovation through interacted perception","authors":"Bennet Schwoon","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2019.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2019.101","url":null,"abstract":"The paradox of innovation as the problem to be innovative while also gaining legitimacy is the underlying idea of this paper. How are innovative entrepreneurs and their ideas affected by the need to find the legitimacy of their audience to have customers? Through qualitative interviews, this paper discusses the importance and influence of legitimacy for innovative entrepreneurship. This paper investigates the importance of legitimacy processes for entrepreneurs and points out enhancing, as well as, impeding factors that legitimacy gathering process have on innovations. It finds understanding as the main source affecting legitimacy processes and shows the different strategies for entrepreneurs to gather legitimacy. Furthermore, the work provides insight about the context-specific elements of the legitimacy gathering processes, as well as, an illustration and differentiation of the audience as the second group involved in legitimacy processes. This paper provides a new framework that discusses legitimation processes as an interplay between the entrepreneur and individuals of the audience. This new framework is an attempt to solve the long-lasting debate concerning the locus of control in legitimacy processes between institutional and cultural entrepreneurial scholars, by placing the locus of control in between a circle of influence and a circle of understanding.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127188555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing public fears: Cold War sorcerers","authors":"M. Sinyutin","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2019.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2019.108","url":null,"abstract":"For citation: Sinyutin M. V. Managing public fears: Cold War sorcerers. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology, 2019, vol. 12, issue 1, pp. 102–108. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2019.108 10.21638/spbu12.2019.108 The danger of the Cold War is at the public agenda again. Economic crisis at the early years of the 21st century had launched the return of Cold War public attitudes. One can find through the media about the starting stage of the Second Cold War. Under capitalism, the politicized media image is replicated like any other commodity — it is important to design a new shell and the stereotyped product will be easier bought and consumed. American social thinkers, who are specialists on US military policy and the anti-war movement, Jeremy Kuzmarov and John Marciano wrote a book that echoes the growing public concern of potential danger in case if new Cold War begins. The book is not about the Cold War itself, but on the American role in it, how it was designed and had been processed by the U.S. elite. The major focus of the book pointed on the Cold War project as a domestic American product constructed for internal consumption at the market of public policy. “It is designed to deflect public attention from our domestic ills by scapegoating a foreign nation” (171). Historically the Cold War project was rooted at the times of a Big Deal, and unprecedented success of American labor, left and social democracy movement, that occurred during the presidency of Franklin Roosevelt. We know from the history of the Soviet Union how militarization hits the democracy under a socialist system, but an example of the United States shows further reaching outcomes. Jeremy Kuzmarov and John Marciano show through the pages of the book how “anti-Communist paranoia resulted in the spread of political repression” (167). American arms producers have aimed to maintain high military spending by means of lobbying, hired-gun think tanks professional experts and corporate media. Sociologist C. Wright Mills stressed in 1958 that American economic prosperity was underpinned by a war economy. With the high unemployment rate, political elite could only increase military expenditures, which needed to get somehow justified. This need met the corporate capitalist interest to violate the Big Deal. Internal class rival which pursued the left ideology was blamed as a provider of “external danger” falsely imputed to the state that firstly claimed itself to be socialist. Political battles in the USSR could be presented for ignorant Americans as an inevitable upshot of socialism to lack public freedoms.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126535097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criticism of the “Disorder of the World” in the social theory of H. Joas","authors":"N. Genov","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2019.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2019.107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116605167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public perception of corruption level in professional spheres","authors":"O. Nikiforova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2019.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2019.104","url":null,"abstract":"The article was prepared within the framework of research at the expense of SPSU NIR_GZ_2017-2, reg. number NIOKTR in CITiS: AAAA-A18-118032090092-7.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121622909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for evidence-based policy in Russia: The public administrators’ points of view","authors":"O. Mikhaylova, E. Batovrina","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.202","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence-based policy is aimed at overcoming subjectivity when making government decisions by means of expertise, using analytical materials at all stages of decision-making and executing processes, and involving internal and external experts. The main objectives of this research are to determine the opportunities and limitations of using evidence-based politics as an approach to making and promoting government decisions in Russia, to identify the attitude of decision makers to evidence-based policy tools and their application in Russian realities, and to obtain expert assessment of the state of evidence-based policy in the Russian public space. To implement these objectives, semi-standardized interviews with a target sample of 37 respondents were conducted. The sample consisted of public administrators and experts from academic and scientific communities. This article reflects the results of interviewing of public administrators: their answers more clearly revealed the possibilities and limitations of using evidence-based policy tools in Russia. The analysis of government officials’ responses showed that, despite the public authorities’ demand for and interest in analytical data and analytical support, the dissemination of evidence-based politics in Russia had a number of limitations. The main obstacles are the low level of trust of public administrators in analytical materials and their authors, low quality rating of analytical services, lack of platforms for regular interaction between government officials and the expert community, and a focus on compliance with formal rather than substantive requirements while working with analytics providers. To overcome the obstacles in the interaction between experts and public administrators in making government decisions it is necessary to expand the practice of using expert support in making decisions and to increase their willingness to adjust to the requirements of government officials as the customers of analytical materials.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116737614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transnational online education and digital inequality: Issues of pedagogical design","authors":"M. Pashkov, V. M. Pashkova, V. A. Starostenko","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.105","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization of education is commonly seen as a process that contributes to societal progress rather than as a factor that gives rise to the digital divide in society. This paper therefore considers how the digital divide can impact students and their learning in transnational online education which has been in greater demand since the onset of the pandemic. Methodologically, the paper draws on the digital inequality stack model showing how each level of the stack — physical access to information and communication technologies; digital skills and competency; purposes and motivations for technology use — can influence learning experiences in distance online education. This paper contributes to the literature on digital inequalities in higher education in the following three ways: by further articulating the levels and aspects of digital inequalities in the context of online learning; by demonstrating how pedagogical design can contribute to redressing some of the challenges experienced by students as a result of digital inequalities; and by offering a practical model of pedagogical design in the form of a checklist that helps identify and mitigate the effects of digital inequalities on online learning. The paper also makes some critical remarks about the concept of the digital divide that are relevant to the development and implementation of online programs and courses. This paper may be of interest to education providers planning to participate in transnational online education.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128982098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of individuals’ emancipative values (mis)match on subjective well-being","authors":"Yulia A. Afanasyeva, E. Ponarin","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.402","url":null,"abstract":"Social sciences pay a great deal of attention to the effects of one’s (dis)similarity with one’s environment. Research of values is one aspect of these studies, where values are most abstracted individual goals which help one evaluate various phenomena as either good or bad. Most often, scholars focus on similarities and conclude that being similar to one’s environment makes one happier and self-confident and results in better relations with other people. There are relatively few studies that focus on the effects of dissimilarities, which leaves an opportunity for new studies. Based on the most recent waves of the World Value Survey and European Value Study (N = 122,224), this paper investigates whether one’s difference in Welzel’s emancipative value index (EVI) from the mean country level affect individual subjective well-being (SWB). Our analysis suggests that this effect depends on (1) the sign of the difference and (2) the country mean EVI. In low-EVI countries people with lower levels of EVI tend to be happier than other people in their country. There is no effect in high-EVI countries. Furthermore, high levels of mean country EVI is a stronger predictor of happiness than are individual differences.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121192986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precepts of youth by Pitirim Sorokin. To the 100th anniversary of his speech at the solemn meeting on the day of the 103rd anniversary of St Petersburg University (February 21, 1922)","authors":"Asalkhan O. Boronoev","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.301","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the text of P.A. Sorokin’s speech on the occasion of the 103rd anniversary of St Petersburg University on February 21, 1922, which at one time caused a wide resonance and discussion. The purpose of this article, firstly, is to recall this important event in the life of an outstanding social thinker and sociologist and the ideas that he expressed when addressing students. Secondly, to pay attention to the very contradictory history of his life and his personality. Sorokin himself attached great importance to his speech. In his speech, he expressed a sharp rejection of the events that took place in Russia in the 1920s and named the milestones that young people should follow. He developed the main ideas of this speech later in the book “Leaves from a Russian Diary” and in other works. It is noted that Sorokin’s political and ideological position was aggravated by his characterological traits — a commitment to prophecy, broadcasting and catastrophicity, which, as the researchers of his work pointed out, interfered with the impartiality of his ideas. The perception of speech by his colleague, a well-known lawyer, sociologist N.A.Gredeskul, is presented. The author of the article, one of those who took an active part in the “return” of Sorokin to his homeland, considers it necessary to seriously study not only his legacy, but also the dynamics of his worldview, value orientations at different stages of life, without criticism and idealization. It is shown that the content of the speech of P.A. Sorokin and his opponent N.A.Gredeskul has not lost its significance, since the issues discussed are extremely relevant both for modern youth and for our science.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121629022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}