SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic)最新文献

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Effects of Government Policies on Urban and Rural Income Inequality 政府政策对城乡收入不平等的影响
SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2006-05-30 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4991.2006.00185.x
Ximing Wu, J. Perloff, Amos Golan
{"title":"Effects of Government Policies on Urban and Rural Income Inequality","authors":"Ximing Wu, J. Perloff, Amos Golan","doi":"10.1111/j.1475-4991.2006.00185.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.2006.00185.x","url":null,"abstract":"We use three conventional inequality indices-the Gini, the coefficient of variation of income, and the relative mean deviation of income-and the Atkinson index to examine the effect of income tax rates, the minimum wage, and all the major government welfare and transfer programs on the evolution of income inequality for rural and urban areas by state from 1981 to 1997. We find that these programs have qualitatively similar but quantitatively different effects on urban and rural areas. Most importantly, taxes are more effective in redistributing income in urban than in rural areas, while welfare and other government transfer programs play a larger role in rural areas. Copyright © 2006 The Authors; Journal compilation © International Association for Research in Income and Wealth 2006.","PeriodicalId":135506,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124123966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Industrial Location and Spatial Inequality: Theory and Evidence from India 产业区位与空间不平等:来自印度的理论与证据
SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2005-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9361.2005.00263.x
S. Lall, S. Chakravorty
{"title":"Industrial Location and Spatial Inequality: Theory and Evidence from India","authors":"S. Lall, S. Chakravorty","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9361.2005.00263.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2005.00263.x","url":null,"abstract":"The authors argue that spatial inequality of industry location is a primary cause of spatial income inequality in developing nations. Their study focuses on understanding the process of spatial industrial variation: identifying the spatial factors that have cost implications for firms, and the factors that influence the location decisions of new industrial units. The analysis has two parts. First the authors examine the contribution of economic geography factors to the cost structure of firms in eight industry sectors and show that local industrial diversity is the one factor with significant and substantial cost-reducing effects. They then show that new private sector industrial investments in India are biased toward existing industrial and coastal districts, whereas state industrial investments (in deep decline after structural reforms) are far less biased toward such districts. The authors conclude that structural reforms lead to increased spatial inequality in industrialization, and therefore, income.","PeriodicalId":135506,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122007741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 153
Life-Cycle Position and Migration to Urban and Rural Areas: Estimations of a Mixed Logit Model on French Data 生命周期位置和向城市和农村地区的迁移:法国数据的混合Logit模型的估计
SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 2004-04-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.908178
C. Détang-Dessendre, F. Goffette-Nagot, V. Piguet
{"title":"Life-Cycle Position and Migration to Urban and Rural Areas: Estimations of a Mixed Logit Model on French Data","authors":"C. Détang-Dessendre, F. Goffette-Nagot, V. Piguet","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.908178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.908178","url":null,"abstract":"Migration flows between urban and rural areas in developed countries show a strong difference in migration destinations with regard to age. Our paper analyses, in the French case, who rural areas attract or repel and what their so-called \"pull-factors\" are. Our goal is to explain the propensity to migrate and the destination choice among four categories of area (urban centres, suburbs, rural areas under urban influence, rural LMAs), for three age groups. Mixed logit models, that do not rely on the IIA assumption and allow for heterogeneity in individual behaviours are estimated on a large French sample. The results show that the educational level of young people and the labour market characteristics of their initial residential area particularly influence their destination choices. The labour market variables have little influence on the migration decisions of the middle-aged, for whom residential motivations appear to be predominant. The migration decisions of 45-64 years old are clearly residentially motivated changes.","PeriodicalId":135506,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116609847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
What Enables Local Governments to Mainstream Climate Change Adaptation? Lessons Learned from Two Municipal Case Studies in the Western Cape, South Africa. 如何让地方政府将适应气候变化纳入主流?从南非西开普省两个市政案例研究中获得的经验教训。
SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic) Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2674015
L. Pasquini, G. Ziervogel, R. Cowling, C. Shearing
{"title":"What Enables Local Governments to Mainstream Climate Change Adaptation? Lessons Learned from Two Municipal Case Studies in the Western Cape, South Africa.","authors":"L. Pasquini, G. Ziervogel, R. Cowling, C. Shearing","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2674015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2674015","url":null,"abstract":"Municipalities represent a key opportunity for implementing local adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Most research has focused on the barriers to climate change adaptation, and little research exists that considers the conditions under which a municipality is able to initiate the process of mainstreaming climate adaptation. Through a case study of two municipalities in the Western Cape of South Africa, this paper identifies the factors that enable action to be taken at the local government level. The presence of dedicated environmental champions is key, particularly within political leadership. Experiencing the costs of climate change often provides the strongest initial catalyst for action and is aided by the recognition that the local environment has value. Access to a knowledge base, the availability of resources, political stability and the presence of dense social networks all positively affect adaptation mainstreaming. It is these enabling factors that other government levels and stakeholders need to support with different interventions. We draw attention to two under-researched topics, the effect of political instability on municipal functioning and the effects of social network characteristics on facilitating institutional change.","PeriodicalId":135506,"journal":{"name":"SRPN: Urban Design & Planning (Topic)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114707799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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