{"title":"Image Making of Pakistan in Fiction After 9/11: Critical Discourse Analysis of Thinner than Skin by Uzma Aslam Khan","authors":"Faiqa Rashid","doi":"10.32350/LLR.42.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/LLR.42.02","url":null,"abstract":"According to Fairclough (1989), discourse is shaped by social practices and in return it reveals power ideologies. Pakistan’s political position in post 9/11 scenario is significant in relation to American war on terror. The present study is an effort to understand image making of Pakistan by the discourse of Pakistanis, foreigners who visit Pakistan and to some extent media as depicted in Thinner than Skin by Uzma Aslam Khan. Fairclough’s model of discourse analysis with micro, meso and macro levels will be used to unfold American political ideology of thrusting war on terror upon Pakistan. Moreover, in socio-cultural perspective, status of Pakistani woman will be compared with American empowered woman through the lens of critical discourse analysis. The research is an endeavor to reveal discursive practices both in political and socio-cultural domains.","PeriodicalId":135226,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics and Literature Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130960162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Archetypal Analysis of Tomorrow by Graham Swift","authors":"Afraz Jabeen, U. Habiba","doi":"10.32350/LLR.42.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/LLR.42.01","url":null,"abstract":"This study entitles the Archetypal Analysis of the text Tomorrow by Graham Swift. This psychoanalytical study explores the entire personality of the protagonist of the novel on the basis of Jung’s theory of Unconscious and Archetypes. This study dissects the character of protagonist through the revelation of personal, collective unconscious, and repressed desire. Also, it draws its attention towards different kinds of archetypes as suggested by Jung and its universal application on the protagonist of the novel. The qualitative method was used for this research work that laid its emphasis upon the continual flow of protagonist’s thoughts and memories. The recollections of memories of the protagonist will help better to scrutinize the text by applying Jung’s theory. Jung’s theory will attest that an individual just like the novel’s protagonist can bring its unconscious mind into his consciousness through a mental effort of recalling.","PeriodicalId":135226,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics and Literature Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124281603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of the Null Theory of Intra-Sentential Code-Switching: Evidence from Balti/English Code-Switching","authors":"M. Bashir, Ghulam Abass","doi":"10.32350/llr.42.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/llr.42.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":135226,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics and Literature Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116613054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing Literary Texts through Functional Grammar","authors":"Naveed Rehan","doi":"10.32350/LLR.42.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32350/LLR.42.04","url":null,"abstract":"Functional Grammar (FG) or Systemic Linguistics was developed by Michael Halliday in the 1960s as a model of grammar to show how language functions in a text. Unlike formal grammar, FG focuses on the contextual functions of language. In this paper I analyze and compare two texts through the lens of Functional Grammar. I attempt to show that FG is a useful tool for analyzing literary texts. The texts I use are excerpts from two essays: “Love” by D. H. Lawrence, and “A Short History of Love” by Lawrence Stone. Canonical writers of English like D. H. Lawrence or James Joyce—to give but two examples—often depart from traditional grammatical rules in order to make their language express something that correct grammar is incapable of communicating. Functional Grammar uncovers fascinating details about how writers construct their texts in keeping with their purpose and audience. While both the texts I analyze talk about the same phenomenon (romantic love) and reach the same conclusions, the means by which they reach these conclusions are very different—Lawrence uses a highly subjective and rhetorical style, whereas Stone, a historian, presents a more objective and scientific argument. My aim is to show that language users have linguistic choices and that these choices are seldom neutral.","PeriodicalId":135226,"journal":{"name":"Linguistics and Literature Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115227298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}