ILR Review最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: Unworking: The Reinvention of the Modern Office, by Jeremy Myerson and Philip Ross","authors":"S. Frenkel","doi":"10.1177/00197939221143339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221143339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"51 1","pages":"781 - 782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90054167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: The Urbanization of People: The Politics of Development, Labor Markets, and Schooling in the Chinese City, by Eli Friedman","authors":"M. Elfstrom","doi":"10.1177/00197939221143056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221143056","url":null,"abstract":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221143056 ILR Review, 76(3), May 2023, pp. 614 –622 © The Author(s) 2022 Journal website: journals.sagepub.com/home/ilr Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions The Urbanization of People: The Politics of Development, Labor Markets, and Schooling in the Chinese City. By Eli Friedman. New York: Columbia University Press, 2022. 352 pp. ISBN 9780231205085, $140 (hardcover); ISBN 9780231205092, $35 (paperback); ISBN 9780231555838, $34.99 (e-book).","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"11 1","pages":"614 - 615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75989611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolving Impact of Robots on Jobs","authors":"Jo-Ching Chung, Yong Suk Lee","doi":"10.1177/00197939221137822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221137822","url":null,"abstract":"The authors examine the impact of industrial robots on US labor markets between 2005 and 2016. Because some industries adopt robots more intensively, growth in robot stocks more heavily affect local labor markets with larger employment shares in those industries. This robot exposure variation occurs across 722 commuting zones in the continental United States. Analyzing the five-year intervals within this period, the authors find that robot exposure reduces employment in the earlier periods but augments employment in the more recent periods. Similarly, the effect of robot exposure on the local wage is initially negative but gradually rebounds and turns positive in more recent years. The evolving influence of robots is primarily driven by the automotive industry, in which digitization and automation have not only increased labor productivity but also created new tasks. Findings show evidence of spillover effects on other industries within and outside of manufacturing, which may be explained by input-output linkages and aggregate demand effects.","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"11 1","pages":"290 - 319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82358467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Democratize Work: The Case for Reorganizing the Economy, by Isabelle Ferreras, Julie Battilana, and Dominique Méda","authors":"Angela B. Cornell","doi":"10.1177/00197939221137868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221137868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"39 1","pages":"617 - 619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78808679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of New Technologies on Work: The Case of Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Avner Ben-Ner, Ainhoa Urtasun, Bledi Taska","doi":"10.1177/00197939221134271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221134271","url":null,"abstract":"The authors study the effects on work of additive manufacturing (AM), an emerging technology that may replace significant segments of traditional manufacturing (TM). Compared to TM, AM is more integrated and offers greater flexibility in design, materials, and customizability; thus, it should entail more demanding tasks and higher skill levels. The authors analyze vacancies for AM and TM workers, focusing on plants that posted vacancies in both technologies to control for factors that may affect the content of job postings. Findings show that AM jobs are more complex (with more non-routine analytic and less routine cognitive content) in comparison to TM jobs, and AM jobs require more high-level technical skills and more reasoning skills. The relative differences are larger for lower-skill workers (operators) than for high-skill workers (engineers). The authors conclude that AM is an upskilling technology that is skill biased in favor of low-skill workers and therefore reduces the skill gap.","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"118 1","pages":"255 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77425351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: The Future We Need: Organizing for a Better Democracy in the Twenty-First Century, by Erica Smiley and Sarita Gupta","authors":"Sheri Davis-Faulkner","doi":"10.1177/00197939221134766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221134766","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, a key critique of the left has been that we cannot articulate what we are fighting for, only what we are against. For far too long social and economic justice movements have advanced single issue struggles, knowing that, as Audre Lorde states, “we do not live singleissue lives” (Sister Outsider, 1984). The Future We Need talks back (bell hooks, Talking Back, 1989) to these long-held critiques with a big vision for shaping the multiracial, feminist, economic democracy that we can all live into. The vision Erica Smiley and Sarita Gupta articulate is rooted in intersectional approaches that engage laboring people as whole people, and the North Star is to fundamentally broaden democratic practices such that we are able to negotiate with any entity exercising power over the conditions of our lives. Listening to the “special voice” (Mari Matsuda, “Looking to the Bottom,” 1987) of worker leaders is central to the dialogic practice of this co-authored text. Through a collection of “profiles of modern workers,” the authors present a body of counternarratives that invite audiences to think about the interior lives of worker leaders, to hear their motivations, and to connect with their struggles and their joy. These stories are not simply bullet-pointed examples included to amplify Smiley and Gupta’s viewpoints; instead, they provide anchors throughout the text. Many of the worker voices featured are women of color whose experiences illuminate the interlocking systems of oppression that exclude them from basic opportunities and protections. These stories are then put into historical and political contexts relevant to sectors of work, geography, cultural norms, key events, financescapes (Arjun Appadurai, 1990, 1996, 2006), and the (federal, state, and local) legislation that animates the living and working conditions that motivated these workers to take action. Lane Windham’s Knocking on Labor’s Door (2017) spotlights historical narratives that reveal an overlooked vibrancy in worker justice movements; The Future We Need builds on that work by offering contemporary narratives and lessons that can be replicated in this moment.","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"16 1","pages":"621 - 622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87154607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contract Employment: Measurement and Implications for Employer–Employee Relationships","authors":"P. Osterman","doi":"10.1177/00197939221132530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221132530","url":null,"abstract":"This article utilizes a new nationally representative survey, executed in January 2020, that measures non-standard work. The author estimates the incidence of contract company employment and freelancing and describes who goes into non-standard employment. He then studies earnings and access to employer-provided training among contract company employees—the largest and most mis-measured group of non-standard workers. Training is important because it affects wage growth and career trajectories and also gives insight into the evolving character of employment relationships. Findings indicate that contract company employees face an earnings penalty but that considerable heterogeneity occurs within this category. The analysis of multiple forms of formal training finds that contract company employees receive less training than do standard employees even after multiple controls. Informal training is more textured due to the nature of social interactions inherent in its availability. Throughout the analysis, racial and ethnic disparities are apparent.","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"320 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83458231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Does Skill Make Us Human? Migrant Workers in 21st-Century Qatar and Beyond, by Natasha Iskander","authors":"Jérôme Pélisse","doi":"10.1177/00197939221136544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221136544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"11 1","pages":"619 - 620"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72983884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: The Labor Board Crew: Remaking Worker-Employer Relations from Pearl Harbor to the Reagan Era, by Ronald W. Schatz","authors":"J. McCartin","doi":"10.1177/00197939221134579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221134579","url":null,"abstract":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221134579 ILR Review, 76(2), March 2023, pp. 461 –470 © The Author(s) 2022 Journal website: journals.sagepub.com/home/ilr Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions The Labor Board Crew: Remaking Worker-Employer Relations from Pearl Harbor to the Reagan Era. By Ronald W. Schatz. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2021. 344 pp. ISBN 9780252043628, $125 (hardcover); ISBN 9780252085598, $29.95 (paperback); ISBN 9780252052507, $14.95 (e-book).","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"461 - 462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76646654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Data-Driven Workplace and the Case for Worker Technology Rights","authors":"A. Bernhardt, Lisa Kresge, Reem Suleiman","doi":"10.1177/00197939221131558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939221131558","url":null,"abstract":"Employers increasingly use digital technologies in the workplace to capture and analyze worker data, electronically monitor their workers, and manage them using algorithms. In this article, the authors analyze employers’ use of data-driven systems in a diverse set of industries and identify a range of potential harms to workers, including bias and discrimination, de-skilling, unsafe work speeds, and loss of autonomy and dignity. In light of the current absence of regulation or oversight, the authors argue that workers deserve a robust set of 21st-century labor standards regarding digital technologies. They lay out a detailed public policy framework that establishes worker rights and employer responsibilities to ensure that the data-driven workplace benefits, rather than harms, workers.","PeriodicalId":13504,"journal":{"name":"ILR Review","volume":"325 1","pages":"3 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80360729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}