IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery最新文献_第8页

Traveling Wave Differential Protection Technology and Its Application in Ultra-Long-Distance UHVDC Transmission Line

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3536181

Xinzhou Dong;Haozong Wang;Binshu Chen;Boliang Jin;Xinyuan Li;Qihuan Dong;Shenxing Shi;Bin Wang;Pengfei Lv;Guoming Qian;Fufeng Chen;Zhanfeng Fan;Baowei Li;Min Xie;Xiaoping Feng

{"title":"Traveling Wave Differential Protection Technology and Its Application in Ultra-Long-Distance UHVDC Transmission Line","authors":"Xinzhou Dong;Haozong Wang;Binshu Chen;Boliang Jin;Xinyuan Li;Qihuan Dong;Shenxing Shi;Bin Wang;Pengfei Lv;Guoming Qian;Fufeng Chen;Zhanfeng Fan;Baowei Li;Min Xie;Xiaoping Feng","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3536181","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3536181","url":null,"abstract":"Traveling wave differential protection (TWDP) is based on the traveling wave (TW) propagation characteristics of the physical transmission line and therefore holds unique advantages in the protection of long-distance transmission lines. This paper proposes a practical time-domain TWDP scheme specifically designed for high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) lines and provides both theoretical analysis and field validation. A TWDP device, named TP-03, was developed and underwent laboratory testing. The developed protection device 1) can stay valid under a maximum fault impedance of up to 1000 <inline-formula><tex-math>$Omega$</tex-math></inline-formula> under the rated <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 1100 kV voltage level; 2) has an operation time of less than 30 ms even with a communication delay of 20 ms. In October 2020, TP-03 devices were first deployed on the Changji-Guquan UHVDC transmission project, which is the highest voltage (<inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 1100 kV), longest distance (3284 km), and largest capacity (rated 12100 MW) transmission project in the world. During its operation, the devices functioned correctly in several internal faults and external disturbance events. This work represents the first field validation of HVDC TWDP and bridges the gap between theoretical research and real-world applications. It confirms that TWDP can serve as the main protection for ultra-long-distance HVDC lines, setting a benchmark for future projects.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"1078-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cooperative AC/DC Voltage Margin Control for Mitigating Voltage Violation of Rural Distribution Networks With Interconnected DC Link

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535712

Jianwen Zhang;Yedi Ji;Jianqiao Zhou;Yajun Jia;Gang Shi;Han Wang

{"title":"Cooperative AC/DC Voltage Margin Control for Mitigating Voltage Violation of Rural Distribution Networks With Interconnected DC Link","authors":"Jianwen Zhang;Yedi Ji;Jianqiao Zhou;Yajun Jia;Gang Shi;Han Wang","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535712","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535712","url":null,"abstract":"With the integration of high proportion of distributed generation (DG), voltage violation may occur at the point of common coupling (PCC) of feeders in rural lower voltage distribution networks (LVDN). The DC link, with its advantages of large capacity and low line losses, can connect two or more feeders, facilitating broad area power and voltage regulation. At present, the voltage violation solutions based on DC link can be divided into communication-dependent and communication-less scheme. Given the randomness, rapidity, and real-time nature of voltage violation, communication-dependent solutions typically require fast, real-time communication, leading to high costs and significant resource consumption. Existing communication-less solutions, such as the voltage consensus method, while solving voltage violation, incur substantial power losses due to the need for real-time power interactions. This paper proposes a cooperative AC / DC voltage margin control scheme, which takes the DC voltage information as the medium, and can mitigate the voltage violation of rural LVDN under different operation conditions by coordinating the voltage source converters (VSCs) at the end of the feeders and energy storage system (ESS) without communication. In addition, by reasonably setting different AC and DC voltage thresholds, it can avoid unnecessary power interaction between different feeders and reduce the power loss. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified by simulation.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"1014-1029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automatic Calculation of Icicle Morphological Parameters for Multi-Perspective Suspension Insulators Using Gradient-Contour Analysis

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3536216

Wei Liang;Yanpeng Hao;Lei Huang;Zikui Shen;Zijian Wu;Lin Yang;Jinqiang He;Huan Huang

{"title":"Automatic Calculation of Icicle Morphological Parameters for Multi-Perspective Suspension Insulators Using Gradient-Contour Analysis","authors":"Wei Liang;Yanpeng Hao;Lei Huang;Zikui Shen;Zijian Wu;Lin Yang;Jinqiang He;Huan Huang","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3536216","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3536216","url":null,"abstract":"Glaze icing significantly increases the flashover probability of in-service insulators, making it the most hazardous icing type for overhead power lines. To automatically and accurately characterize the glaze icing state of suspension insulators susceptible to icicle bridging, this paper proposes a novel method for calculating icicle morphological parameters, including icicle distribution and bridging degree, using images from multi-perspective monitoring scenarios. The method first recognizes and segments images to focus on insulators, then uses gradient-contour analysis to correct axial tilt, locate shed units of different materials, and detect icicles between sheds. It utilizes the relative positions of shed units and icicles to quantify uneven and segmented icing phenomena and calculate the icicle bridging degree of the insulator string and shed units. Image analysis of 15 multi-view, multi-material, and varying-length suspension insulators demonstrates that this method achieves 98.8% precision in localizing 91 shed units and 94.6% precision in detecting 490 icicles. The accuracy in recognizing axial and circumferential icicle distributions is 91.2% and 98.9%, respectively, with precision surpassing 90% in calculating the icicle bridging degree. The method can finely parameterize icicles’ position and length, providing a solution for image-based diagnosis of distribution uniformity and bridging severity of glaze ice on insulators.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"1002-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Estimation Method for Power-Frequency Arc in Transformer Oil Based on Gap Length and Pressure

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535497

Yunfei Jia;Xun Luo;Shengchang Ji;Shuangrui Jia;Simeng Li

{"title":"Energy Estimation Method for Power-Frequency Arc in Transformer Oil Based on Gap Length and Pressure","authors":"Yunfei Jia;Xun Luo;Shengchang Ji;Shuangrui Jia;Simeng Li","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535497","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535497","url":null,"abstract":"Transformer's internal arc fault is one of its most serious faults, which might cause fire accidents. These accidents have caused widespread concern among scholars and indicated the importance of explosion-proof performance calibration. However, there is a lack of methods to estimate arc energy accurately. Within the gap length range of 5–100 mm, the current range of 1–10 kA, and the pressure range of 1–15 atm, this paper conducts 640 power-frequency arc experiments, the most numerous and well-organized experiments reported so far. An average arc voltage calculation method based on energy equivalence is proposed to avoid existing method bias and better fit the actual energy curve. Factors affecting the average arc voltage are analyzed. The relationship between the voltage and gap length approximates a linear function, and the relationship with pressure approximates a power function. An energy estimation method involving gap length and pressure is proposed. The errors of existing and proposed arc energy estimation methods are compared and reported for the first time. The proposed method dramatically reduces the average error from 43.6% to 11.5%. Repeatability experiments show that the discharge dispersion causes an average energy error of 9.1%, so the error of the proposed method is satisfactory.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"965-973"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Frequency Resonance Coordinated Suppression Method of MMC-HVDC Systems Under Frequency Divided Voltage Feedforward Control

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535785

Yunfeng Li;Tao Wen;Yijia Cao;Yuhang Zhang;Weiyu Wang

{"title":"High-Frequency Resonance Coordinated Suppression Method of MMC-HVDC Systems Under Frequency Divided Voltage Feedforward Control","authors":"Yunfeng Li;Tao Wen;Yijia Cao;Yuhang Zhang;Weiyu Wang","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535785","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535785","url":null,"abstract":"In the modular multilevel converter (MMC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) practical projects, the existing voltage feedforward control (VFC) method presents challenges in addressing the frequency shift of high-frequency resonance (HFR) caused by the changes in the interconnected AC system's operating conditions. In this paper, the mathematical characterization function of the impedance real part is used to reveal the mechanism why the existing VFC cannot simultaneously reshape the multiple HFR risk regions into the positive damping characteristics. Therefore, a frequency divided voltage feedforward control (FDVFC) based on the second-order band-pass filters (BPFs) is proposed to simultaneously reshape the multiple HFR risk regions into the positive damping characteristics. The proposal includes the selection of the number of BPFs and how to design their parameters. The parameter design principles and parameter selection ranges of the BPFs are presented one by one using the simplified model of the MMC in high-frequency band. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the FDVFC and its analytical calculation expressions for parameter selection are verified by time-domain simulations.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"938-950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of New Low-Frequency Oscillation Caused by Converter-Interfaced Generations With MMC-HVDC Transmission

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535690

Jieyi Xu;Xiaorong Xie;Wenkai Dong;Peng Yu;Jiawei Xing

{"title":"Investigation of New Low-Frequency Oscillation Caused by Converter-Interfaced Generations With MMC-HVDC Transmission","authors":"Jieyi Xu;Xiaorong Xie;Wenkai Dong;Peng Yu;Jiawei Xing","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535690","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535690","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate dynamics in renewables transmitted through modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) may induce new low-frequency oscillation (LFO). This stability issue has not been deeply explored in existing literature. In light of this, this paper establishes a representative model of converter-interfaced generations (CIGs) with MMC-HVDC transmission. Then, eigenvalue-based analyses, time-domain simulations, and block diagrams are employed to investigate the mechanism and characteristics of the new LFO. For the first time, this paper indicates the coexistence of two LFO modes in such a system, which could become unstable simultaneously. The LFO modes mainly originate from the interaction among the phase-locked loop (PLL) of CIGs, DC voltage control of CIGs, and AC voltage control of MMC. These loops’ contributions to two LFO modes are sensitive to certain parameter settings. The paper further analyzes the key factors affecting LFO characteristics, including the control parameters of CIGs and MMC, and the number of online CIGs. Possible control measures for this new oscillation issue are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"1067-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical Calculation Models for Bipolar MMC-HVDC Systems Under Valve-Side Single-Phase-to-Ground Faults

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535703

Pingyang Sun;Gen Li;Hanwen Zhang;Jun Liang;Georgios Konstantinou

{"title":"Analytical Calculation Models for Bipolar MMC-HVDC Systems Under Valve-Side Single-Phase-to-Ground Faults","authors":"Pingyang Sun;Gen Li;Hanwen Zhang;Jun Liang;Georgios Konstantinou","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535703","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535703","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes two analytical valve-side single-phase-to-ground (SPG) fault calculation models for bipolar modular multilevel converter-based high-voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) system. The first model is applicable to the half-bridge submodule (HBSM) configuration, and the second is suitable for the full-bridge submodules (FBSMs) or hybrid SMs with different FBSM ratios. In each calculation model, two post-fault equivalent MMC circuits are established following converter blocking for the independent study of the upper and lower arms. The detailed expression of the post-fault voltages and currents in each arm, valve-side, and grid-side are obtained from the proposed calculation models. Moreover, the applicability of the calculation models for solid, inductive, and resistive dc-grounding methods is also demonstrated, along with a further discussion on the influence of MMC arm/grid-side resistance as well as varying fault-grounding impedance. Multiple bipolar MMC-HVDC systems, incorporating HBSM, FBSM, and hybrid SM configurations, are developed in PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the accuracy of the proposed analytical calculation models.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"988-1001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Winding Power Transformer Modeling for Fast-Front Transients

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535419

Farzad Nasirpour;Tianming Luo;Mohamad Ghaffarian Niasar;Marjan Popov

{"title":"Multi-Winding Power Transformer Modeling for Fast-Front Transients","authors":"Farzad Nasirpour;Tianming Luo;Mohamad Ghaffarian Niasar;Marjan Popov","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535419","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3535419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive model for power transformers, by considering eddy current losses in both the core and conductors. This is achieved through a meticulous analytical approach that ensures high fidelity in representing the transformer's electromagnetic properties. The consideration of magnetic flux effects on inductance and resistance values significantly enhances the model's accuracy and validity. Traditional analytical methods often resort to simplified approaches due to the complexity of these calculations. The paper addresses these limitations by evaluating the eddy current losses in the core and conductors, and by providing a detailed understanding of each component's impact on transformer behavior. Furthermore, by considering the core and conductor effects on the magnetic field distribution, the model handles a wide range of frequencies, making it suitable for conducting comprehensive transient analysis. To validate the model, comparisons with the finite element method and empirical measurements are conducted. Additionally, a reduced-order transformer model is developed using admittance matrix reduction. This approach focuses on the nodes of interest, effectively eliminating not-observed nodes and reducing computational complexity without compromising accuracy. In this way, voltages at specific points of interest are computed efficiently, maintaining the accuracy of the original model.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"1054-1066"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interaction Analysis Among Multiple Series-Parallel Connected LCC/MMC in Hybrid Cascaded HVDC System

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3534326

Chunyi Guo;Wei Zhao

{"title":"Interaction Analysis Among Multiple Series-Parallel Connected LCC/MMC in Hybrid Cascaded HVDC System","authors":"Chunyi Guo;Wei Zhao","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3534326","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3534326","url":null,"abstract":"The series-parallel structure of multiple LCC/MMCs in hybrid cascaded HVDC (HC-HVDC) system facilitates flexible power transmission to different load areas, however, could introduce potential risk of instability arising from intricate interactions among multiple converters under weak AC system. To investigate the interaction paths among multiple converters and quantitatively evaluate their contributions to the system stability, this article establishes the state-space model and the motion equation model integrating multiple converters for HC-HVDC system. Then, based on the path decomposition method, the open-loop transfer function is decomposed into five damping paths viewed from the equivalent inductor of LCC inverter. This offers a perspective on system damping characteristics to reflect the key paths and contributing converters leading to the weak damping of dominant oscillatory mode. The impact of LCC inverter's self-stabilizing path, as well as the en-stabilizing paths involving the components related to interactions between LCC inverter and each MMC, and interactions among series-parallel connected multiple converters, on system stability is clearly quantified. Moreover, the outcome of controller bandwidth variations on the damping characteristics of different paths is studied, providing insights into adjusting control parameters to enhance the system damping under weak AC system. It is indicated that the interaction between DC-voltage-controlled <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{MMC}_{1}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and LCC inverter, as well as the interactions among multiple converters, provide negative damping on system stability. The critical interaction paths contributing to negative damping and the identified sensitivity parameters can offer valuable insights for further enhancement of system stability in HC-HVDC system.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 2","pages":"974-987"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Share Your Preprint Research with the World!

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3528207

引用次数: 0