IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery最新文献_第8页

Rapid Pilot Protection for LCC-HVDC Transmission Lines Utilizing Specific Frequency Measured Impedance Characteristics 基于特定频率测量阻抗特性的LCC-HVDC输电线路快速先导保护

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3560080

Zhen Liu;Houlei Gao;Fang Peng;Yuewei Fan

{"title":"Rapid Pilot Protection for LCC-HVDC Transmission Lines Utilizing Specific Frequency Measured Impedance Characteristics","authors":"Zhen Liu;Houlei Gao;Fang Peng;Yuewei Fan","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3560080","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3560080","url":null,"abstract":"To address the issues of slow operation speed, high synchronization requirements, and susceptibility to the influence of distributed capacitance in existing pilot protection for LCC-HVDC transmission lines, a novel pilot protection method utilizing the measured impedance characteristics is proposed. Measured impedance is utilized to characterize the frequency-domain differences under various fault conditions. Under forward fault conditions, the measured impedance exhibits purely capacitive or purely inductive characteristics within a specific frequency band. Under reverse fault conditions, the measured impedance corresponds to the transmission line wave impedance, with the line-mode wave impedance stabilizing within a specific frequency band, where the imaginary part much smaller than the real part. Leveraging the characteristics, a pilot protection scheme is proposed. Simulation analysis shows that the protection method can fast and correctly identify faults, withstand fault impedances of up to 900 Ω, is unaffected by distributed capacitance, and has low synchronization requirements on both sides. The method is capable of being applied as a rapid backup protection for long-distance LCC-HVDC transmission lines.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1667-1681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Analysis of Negative Sequence Behavior in Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Inverters: Modeling, Control, and Protection 电网跟随和并网逆变器负序行为的比较分析：建模、控制和保护

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559001

Xinquan Chen;Ilhan Kocar;Siqi Bu;Evangelos Farantatos;Aboutaleb Haddadi

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Negative Sequence Behavior in Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Inverters: Modeling, Control, and Protection","authors":"Xinquan Chen;Ilhan Kocar;Siqi Bu;Evangelos Farantatos;Aboutaleb Haddadi","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559001","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559001","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-forming (GFM) controls are expected to enhance the stability of power systems with high penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs). However, during unbalanced grid conditions, GFM controls alter the magnitude and angle of the negative sequence current contributed by IBRs, differing from grid-following (GFL) controls and synchronous generators. This behavior may not be in line with fault ride-through (FRT) requirements and cause maloperation of certain protection elements. This paper clarifies the fundamentals and impacting factors of GFL and GFM inverters in the negative sequence system using phasor-domain analytical models. A simplified impedance computation method for GFM inverters is proposed, and FRT control solutions for GFM and GFL inverters are implemented for balanced positive sequence control (BPSC) and positive and negative sequence control (PNSC) schemes. Comparative studies using the IEEE PSRC D29 system reveal that the magnitude and angle of negative sequence impedance are primarily determined by the inner voltage control parameters under the GFM BPSC scheme. Depending on the settings, GFM inverters can provide significant negative sequence reactive current under the BPSC scheme as opposed to GFL inverters. On the other hand, IBRs should still rely on PNSC strategies to regulate the negative sequence system response appropriately and in coordination.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1730-1742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vector Polynomial Electric Arc Furnace Models 矢量多项式电弧炉模型

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559806

Zahra Babaei;Haidar Samet

{"title":"Vector Polynomial Electric Arc Furnace Models","authors":"Zahra Babaei;Haidar Samet","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559806","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559806","url":null,"abstract":"Electric arc furnaces (EAFs) have nonlinear and time-varying voltage-current characteristics which cause voltage flicker and harmonics. An accurate EAF model is required to study its negative power quality impacts and the possible solutions. Although there are many EAF models, most of them are single-phase models. Few others consider the three-phase modeling of the EAF feeding system. However, three arcs with independent mathematical equations are used. There is not much distance between the three arcs; one end of the three arc columns is the shared molten bath. So, the voltage and current of each arc depend on the electrical quantities of the other two arcs, which have been neglected in almost all previous EAF models. This paper presents two EAF models where the arc voltage/current is a polynomial function of three-phase arc current/voltage and their derivatives. Many of EAFs' actual records at the Mobarakeh Steel Company in Isfahan, Iran, are used to develop the proposed models. The best model orders are attained using error indices based on actual data. The models' parameters are calculated every half cycle based on the actual records. Then, they are considered time series and modeled with ARMA models to be reproduced using the enclosed MATLAB codes.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1694-1705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Accelerated Multi-Time-Scale Solution of Power Systems under Multiple Lightning Strokes Events 多重雷击事件下电力系统的多时间尺度加速解决方案

IF 4.4 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1109/tpwrd.2025.3559380

Chakhung Yeung, Yuxuan Ding, Quan Zhou, Yaping Du, Song Zhang, Ruihan Qi, Lei Jia

引用次数: 0

Bolt-YOLO: Research on an Algorithm Framework for Detecting Bolt Defects in Transmission Lines 输电线路螺栓缺陷检测算法框架研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559034

Min He;Liang Qin;Xinlan Deng;Qing Liu;Kaipei Liu

{"title":"Bolt-YOLO: Research on an Algorithm Framework for Detecting Bolt Defects in Transmission Lines","authors":"Min He;Liang Qin;Xinlan Deng;Qing Liu;Kaipei Liu","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559034","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3559034","url":null,"abstract":"In transmission lines, bolt fittings are critical components that connect towers and insulators. These fittings are prone to defects, such as loosening or missing bolts, due to natural environmental factors, posing significant risks to the system's operation. Drone inspection images are increasingly used for the intelligent detection of bolt fittings, yet the small size of bolt components and the uneven distribution of sample quantities limit detection accuracy. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a multi-type bolt fitting defect detection algorithm aimed at improving detection accuracy and robustness. To tackle the issue of small target detection, we design a novel down-sampling method that incorporates both global and local feature perception, reducing the loss of small target information. This method is integrated into the Res-PANet, a multi-scale feature fusion structure based on residual skip connections, which compensates for the loss of small target details in high-level semantic features. Additionally, to address the sample imbalance problem, we introduce adaptive class weighting and a Minimum Peripheral Point Distance (MPPD) bounding box similarity constraint to better locate imbalanced sample regions from the loss function perspective. Experimental results, using a detection dataset containing four types of targets—normal bolts, missing pins, loose pins, and missing nuts—demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Compared to the original YOLOv8 model, the improved model shows a 1.9% accuracy improvement for detecting missing pins, a 3.2% improvement for loose pins, and a 4.2% improvement for missing nuts. The overall mean accuracy increased from 69.5% to 72.1%. These results provide a solid technical foundation for detecting bolt fitting defects in transmission lines, offering significant practical value for future inspection tasks.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1718-1729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on Dynamic Current Carrying Capacity Calculation Model Based on Conductor Sag Correction 基于导线凹陷校正的动态载流能力计算模型研究

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3558326

Xinhan Qiao;Zishang Zhu;Dongdong Zhang;Jianwen Zhang;Yang Cheng;Yijiao Wang;Wentian Zeng

{"title":"Research on Dynamic Current Carrying Capacity Calculation Model Based on Conductor Sag Correction","authors":"Xinhan Qiao;Zishang Zhu;Dongdong Zhang;Jianwen Zhang;Yang Cheng;Yijiao Wang;Wentian Zeng","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3558326","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3558326","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive current carrying capacity of transmission lines may lead to increased sag, reduced air insulation distance, and discharge of grounded objects such as trees. If it is too small, it limits the transmission capacity of the transmission system. For example, dynamic capacity expansion technology has always been limited by the accuracy of existing physical calculation models for current carrying capacity. To improve the safety of line-to-ground insulation and enhance the universality of dynamic capacity expansion technology, this paper proposes a dynamic current carrying capacity calculation model for overhead transmission lines based on laser point cloud sag data correction to improve the accuracy of current carrying capacity model calculation. Firstly, by analyzing, screening, and optimizing existing heat sub-models, the calculation accuracy of the current carrying capacity model can be improved. Secondly, by introducing the oblique parabolic model of overhead transmission lines, a nonlinear programming mathematical model is constructed with the calculation error of the second sag measured by the unmanned aerial vehicle laser point cloud as the objective function and the average parameter as the optimization variable. Further correction of parameters with statistical average significance within the model, such as radiative heat dissipation coefficient <italic>ϵs, conductor surface heat absorption coefficient <italic>αs, and safety coefficient <italic>KSecurity, has been achieved. The final test case analysis shows that the sag calculation error has been reduced to 0.02 m, and the maximum current carrying capacity has changed and reduced by 45.46 A from original capacity (500.85 to 445.39 A) compared to before the correction. The optimized parameters can effectively improve the calculation accuracy of the conductor sag and maximum allowable current carrying capacity calculation model.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1656-1666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Fatigue Damage for Undamped Overhead Conductors Under Aeolian Vibration 无阻尼架空导线在风振作用下的疲劳损伤评价

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3558649

Shaoqi Yang;Luc Chouinard;Sébastien Langlois;Pierre Van Dyke;Josée Paradis

{"title":"Evaluation of Fatigue Damage for Undamped Overhead Conductors Under Aeolian Vibration","authors":"Shaoqi Yang;Luc Chouinard;Sébastien Langlois;Pierre Van Dyke;Josée Paradis","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3558649","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3558649","url":null,"abstract":"The fretting fatigue of overhead transmission lines due to aeolian vibrations is a hazard that increases with the service life of such infrastructure. The aim of the paper is to introduce a comprehensive framework for assessing the residual life of Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) conductors to support optimal risk-informed decisions for planning their inspection, repair, or replacement. Utilizing wind and vibration data from a 450-meter undamped test line, a three-step methodology is developed. The first step is the estimation of the distribution of wind speed and direction at a specified non-instrumented location. The wind turbulence intensity is then estimated from the distribution while also considering local land surface characteristics. Next, a model is developed to estimate the amplitude and number of cycles of vibrations as a function of line and wind characteristics by using a proposed Energy Balance Principle (EBP) methodology. Finally, the probability of failure in fretting fatigue as a function of time is estimated by convolution of the distribution of predicted vibrations with the ACSR's Stress-Life (S-N) model. The Weibull S-N model is used to model the uncertainty in fretting fatigue resistance, and damage accumulation based on equivalent damage and Miner's law is used to define the limit state function. While the methodology is initially developed for ACSR Bersfort conductors, it is adaptable to other ACSR conductor types and line configurations.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1647-1655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Data-Driven Adaptive Control Approach for Enhancing the Dynamic Response of VSGs in Varying Grid Conditions 一种数据驱动的自适应控制方法增强变网格条件下vgs的动态响应

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3557059

Shah Fahad;Buxin She;Junjie Yin;Fangxing Li;Hantao Cui;Rui Bo

{"title":"A Data-Driven Adaptive Control Approach for Enhancing the Dynamic Response of VSGs in Varying Grid Conditions","authors":"Shah Fahad;Buxin She;Junjie Yin;Fangxing Li;Hantao Cui;Rui Bo","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3557059","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3557059","url":null,"abstract":"Conventionally, a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) is designed for islanded mode (IM) operation to meet specific operational requirements such as the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF). However, the operation of VSG designed for IM may not meet the operational and control criteria in grid connected mode (GCM) when the grid conditions vary. In addition, conventional VSG control technology does not consider the influence of the presynchronization scheme when connected to a weak grid, which degrades the RoCoF in IM. To overcome the aforementioned challenges, the proposed study presents a twin-delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm to improve the seamless transition performance of VSG from IM to GCM and vice versa. In the first step, the VSG-based power system model is used as a foundation for problem formulation of the proposed TD3 algorithm. Secondly, a reward function is designed according to the performance requirements, i.e., frequency and RoCoF requirements, of the VSG in order to guide the training of the agent in varying load, power reference, and grid conditions. Finally, the superiority of the proposed algorithm over existing methods is validated in MATLAB/SIMULINK and RTDS based real-time simulation environment.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1421-1433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Corona Discharge from the Grounding Tip on Charge Evolution of Wall Bushing 接地端电晕放电对壁套电荷演化的影响

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3556924

Zheng Bai;Yuanxiang Zhou;Yunxiao Zhang;Xin Huang;Xiongjie Xie;Taiwei Liu

{"title":"Effects of Corona Discharge from the Grounding Tip on Charge Evolution of Wall Bushing","authors":"Zheng Bai;Yuanxiang Zhou;Yunxiao Zhang;Xin Huang;Xiongjie Xie;Taiwei Liu","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3556924","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3556924","url":null,"abstract":"Manufacturers consider that the grounding tip near the wall bushing flange is a potentially important factor in several sheath perforation accidents. Taking a ±100 kV true type SF6 gas-insulated bushing as a typical wall bushing, this paper tests the impact of the nearby grounding tip on the charge accumulation. Based on the experiment results, we propose the three-dimensional nonlinear conduction model to unravel the charge accumulation process and the three-dimensional corona ion migration model to clarify the corona process. It is concluded that the consumption of gas ions leads to the nonlinear charge relaxation process. When the corona of grounding tip incepts, numerous ions are generated, forming an “overcharge” phenomenon. The electric field at the insulator-sheds interface and the SF6-insulator interface increases compared to the normal condition, with non-uniform distribution along the circumferential direction. Material inhomogeneity amplifies electric field distortion and creates insulation weaknesses, making insulation aging more likely and potentially leading to a slowly developing electrical tree breakdown process. The length of the needle tip affects the duration of the corona effect; an excessively long needle tip can cause a sustained corona discharge. This research provides a foundation for bushing accidents analysis and operation reliability improvement.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1682-1693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic Field Estimation in AC Three-Core Armored Power Cables 交流三芯铠装电力电缆的磁场估计

IF 3.8 2区工程技术

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3557574

Konstantina Bitsi;Andreas I. Chrysochos;Dimitrios Chatzipetros;Dimitrios Gkitsos

{"title":"Magnetic Field Estimation in AC Three-Core Armored Power Cables","authors":"Konstantina Bitsi;Andreas I. Chrysochos;Dimitrios Chatzipetros;Dimitrios Gkitsos","doi":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3557574","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPWRD.2025.3557574","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth of offshore renewable energy projects has led to the increased usage of submarine cables, which are necessary for the power transmission to the mainland. In their majority, these are AC, three-core (3 C) armored power cables. The environmental impact of such cable installations has not been fully evaluated yet, although concerns have been raised about potential harmful consequences on the balance of natural ecosystems due to the emitted magnetic field. The armor existence and the twisted cable geometry make the magnetic field calculations in the vicinity of such cables more challenging than existing analytical methods which only consider straight or helically twisted conductors. Other, existing works account for the cable twisting effects when computing the field produced by AC, 3 C armored cables via numerical methods. A more accurate numerical method, accounting for the field-dependent magnetic permeability, is suggested in the present paper. The problem of magnetic field calculation around the cable is approached also analytically and a sufficiently accurate, faster solution is provided. Both methods are validated against experimental measurements, achieving an agreement better than that cited in the literature. Various design aspects, such as the conductor size, armor magnetic permeability and armor lay length, are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":13498,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery","volume":"40 3","pages":"1563-1573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0