Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science最新文献_第4页

THE TOLERANCE AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF RICE BREEDING LINES SELECTED UNDER LOW AND OPTIMUM NITROGEN CONDITIONS 低氮和优氮条件下水稻选育品系的耐受性和产量组成

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2020-01-17 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p61-68

A. P. Lestari, S. Suwarno, T. Trikoesoemaningtyas, D. Sopandie, H. Aswidinnoor

{"title":"THE TOLERANCE AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF RICE BREEDING LINES SELECTED UNDER LOW AND OPTIMUM NITROGEN CONDITIONS","authors":"A. P. Lestari, S. Suwarno, T. Trikoesoemaningtyas, D. Sopandie, H. Aswidinnoor","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p61-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p61-68","url":null,"abstract":"One of the important issues on rice breeding is to develop new rice lines suitable for nitrogen efficiency in the suboptimum environment. The study aimed to evaluate the tolerance and yield components of rice breeding lines selected under low and high nitrogen conditions. The F6 generation from two cross-combinations of Gampai/IR77674 and Progol/Asahan, were evaluated in the dry season of 2014 under N suboptimum and N optimum conditions. A total of 172 lines plus six check varieties derived from the low and high N environment selection were evaluated under low N rate (34.5 kg N ha -1 ) and high N rate (138 kg N ha -1 ), arranged in an augmented design. Six check varieties were relocated three times in each block. Plot size was 5.5 m 2 and plant spacing 20 cm x 20 cm. Data were collected for grain yield and major yield components. Results showed that the different status of nitrogen fertilizer affected the number of productive fillers, number of filled grains, 100-grain weight, and grain yield. Different cross combinations exhibited different results in the progeny performance. Ten lines have a higher yield also tolerant to low N condition, i.e. B14250F-6-9, B14250F-1-4, B14250F-9-9, B14250F-6-4, B14250F-5-2, B14262F-15-6, B14250F-2-6, B14262F-12-4, B14250F-5-1, and B14250F-11-4. Thus, to obtain the N tolerant lines, selection at a low N environment was more effective compared with the optimum selection environment.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46301166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF CACAO: THE EFFECT OF EXPLANT TYPES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS 可可初生和次生体细胞胚胎发生:外植体类型和植物生长调节剂的影响

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2020-01-17 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p69-76

N. Ajijah, R. Hartati

{"title":"PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS OF CACAO: THE EFFECT OF EXPLANT TYPES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS","authors":"N. Ajijah, R. Hartati","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p69-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p69-76","url":null,"abstract":"The success of cacao somatic embryogenesis is affected by many factors, including the basal salt medium, the genotype, the explant type, and the concentration and composition of plant growth regulators (PGRs). The study aimed to evaluate the effects of PGRs composition on the primary somatic embryo (PSE) response and the effect of explant type and PGRs composition used in inducing PSE on the secondary somatic embryogenesis (SSE) response. PSEs were induced from basal petal and staminoid explants of MCC 01 and MCC 02 clones on DKW medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg l -1 + kinetin 0.5 mg l -1 or 2,4-D 2 mg l -1 + kinetin 0.125 – 0.250 mg l -1 + thidiazuron (TDZ) 2.5 – 5 µg l -1 or 2,4-D 2 mg l -1 + TDZ 10 µg l -1 . Genotype, explant type, and PGR composition dependently affected PSE response. The best PSE response was obtained from staminoid explant of MCC 02 clone on medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg l -1 + kinetin 0.5 mg l -1 (20%, 9 embryos). The explant type and PGR composition used in inducing PSEs affect the SSE response. The highest SSE response of MCC 01 clone was obtained from petal explant with medium containing 2,4-D 2 mg l -1 + kinetin 0.5 mg l -1 . The formation of SSEs could increase the multiplication rate of MCC 01 clone by 7 times.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45626604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

GENETIC VARIABILITIES OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT RESISTANCE OF HIGH YIELDING RICE VARIETIES 高产水稻品种农艺性状的遗传变异性与抗白叶枯病性

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2020-01-17 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p43-54

Nafisah Nafisah, C. Roza, N. Yunani, A. Hairmansis, Tita Rostiati, A. Jamil

{"title":"GENETIC VARIABILITIES OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT RESISTANCE OF HIGH YIELDING RICE VARIETIES","authors":"Nafisah Nafisah, C. Roza, N. Yunani, A. Hairmansis, Tita Rostiati, A. Jamil","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p43-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p43-54","url":null,"abstract":"Hundred of high yielding and bacterial leaf blight ( Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Xoo ) resistant rice varieties released since the 1960s are important sources of genetic materials for exploring superior genotypes. The study aimed to evaluate the genetic resistance of 177 rice varieties to Xoo and their agronomic traits. The evaluations were conducted at the Indonesian Center for Rice Research Experimental Station during the wet season (December 2015-March 2016). The bacterial leaf blight resistance was evaluated for Xoo pathotypes III, IV, and VIII using the clipping method. The genetic variation among genotypes was categorized as low (0–10%), medium (10–20%), and high (>20%), whereas the heritability was categorized as low (0-30%), medium (30-60%), and high (>60%). The variability of resistance to Xoo pathotypes, grain yield, and spikelet fertility was low, while the variability of plant height, productive tiller number, filled grain, and total spikelet was medium, and the variability of unfilled grain number was high. The 29 varieties were categorized as superior based on their agronomic traits or resistance to Xoo pathotypes. In conclusion, Batutegi and Fatmawati were superior in the total spikelet number, while Rojolele and Inpari 2 were supreme in the thousand-grain weight. Dodokan had a very short maturity, and Inpari 24, Conde, Kalimas, Angke, Inpari 17, and Inpara 8 had the highest resistance to Xoo pathotypes. The study implies that the identified rice superior genotypes could be used as genetic materials to design cross combinations for higher yield potential and BLB resistance varietal improvement.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49027914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

FLOWER BUD REMOVAL AND EARTHING UP TIME INCREASED GROWTH AND TUBER YIELD OF POTATO AT EASTERN TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA 去芽和接地时间提高了埃塞俄比亚东蒂格雷马铃薯的生长和块茎产量

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2020-01-17 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p77-85

Gebregwergis Fitsum, M. Gebremichael, H. Gebremedhin

{"title":"FLOWER BUD REMOVAL AND EARTHING UP TIME INCREASED GROWTH AND TUBER YIELD OF POTATO AT EASTERN TIGRAY, ETHIOPIA","authors":"Gebregwergis Fitsum, M. Gebremichael, H. Gebremedhin","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p77-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p77-85","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia, potato is a staple food crop and source of cash income for smallholder farmers, but the national average yield in farmers’ field is lower than experimental yields due to poor agronomic activities. The study aimed to determine the effects of flower removal and earthing up time on growth and tuber yield of potato. The experiment comprised of three flower removal stage and five earthing up time treatments, which were laid out in a randomized complete block design of 3x5 factorial arrangements with three replications. Results indicated that plant height, stem number, tuber length and tuber diameter were shown significantly affected (p < 0.05) by the main effect of flower removal and earthing up time but not by their interaction. Fresh shoot biomass and physiological maturity were recorded significantly affected (p < 0.05) by earthing up time, but not by flower removal stage and its interaction with earthing up time. Total fresh biomass, marketable and unmarketable tuber yield, as well as total tuber yield were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by main factors and their interaction effects. The results clearly indicated that the highest total tuber yield (30.96 ton ha -1 ) was recorded from flower bud removed potato earthed up at 15 days after complete emergence. Therefore, flower bud removed potato earthed up at 15 days after full emergence was better in terms of all yield contributing characters and tuber yield.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48119897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Bacillus atrophaeus MFDV2 RHIZOBACTERIA ISOLATE INCREASES VEGETATIVE GROWTH, YIELD, AND FRUIT SIZE OF BANANA PLANT 萎缩芽孢杆菌MFDV2根瘤菌分离物提高香蕉植株的生长、产量和果实大小

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2020-01-17 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p55-60

L. Pırlak, Y. Akbaş, M. F. Dönmez

{"title":"Bacillus atrophaeus MFDV2 RHIZOBACTERIA ISOLATE INCREASES VEGETATIVE GROWTH, YIELD, AND FRUIT SIZE OF BANANA PLANT","authors":"L. Pırlak, Y. Akbaş, M. F. Dönmez","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p55-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v20n2.2019.p55-60","url":null,"abstract":"Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have important roles in soil fertility and have been manipulated for ecologically friendly crop production. The study aimed to determine the effects of a biological agent ( Bacillus atrophaeus MFDV2) on the growth, yield, and quality of the banana plant. The study was conducted in 2017–2018 using the banana Dwarf Cavendish clone. Bacterial isolate was cultured on nutrient agar and stored at 30 °C for 24 hours. The culture was then suspended in 0.1 M phosphate buffer to 10 9 CFU ml -1 . The bacterial suspension was applied as foliar, soil and foliar + soil once every two months starting from February. One liter of suspension was applied on the soil and over the leaves per plant. The results showed that the effect of bacterial treatment did not increase stem circumference and leaf length, but it was a significant increase in plant height, leaf number, and leaf width. The effects of bacterial application on banana bunch weight and fruit growth were statistically significant. All applications significantly increased the weight, with the highest increase occurring in foliar finger + soil application. While the effects on the finger diameter were statistically similar. Application on leaf + root has been the biggest increase in finger length. The effects of bacterial applications increased N, P, and K contents in the leaves. The study concluded that the application of Bacillus atrophaeus MFDV2 increased the vegetative growth and fruit quality of the banana plant, so it is advisable to be used in organic banana farming.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43434090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

GROWTH IMPROVEMENT OF TOMATO WITH THE APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZER 吲哚乙酸（IAA）和磷酸盐增溶剂对番茄生长的促进作用

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P35-42

E. I. Riyanti, D. Susilowati, K. Mulya, E. Listanto

{"title":"GROWTH IMPROVEMENT OF TOMATO WITH THE APPLICATION OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES PRODUCING INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) AND PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZER","authors":"E. I. Riyanti, D. Susilowati, K. Mulya, E. Listanto","doi":"10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P35-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P35-42","url":null,"abstract":"Soil bacteria have important roles in biogeochemical cycle for soil fertility and have been manipulated for ecologically-friendly crop production. The search for beneficial association between microbes and plants for promoting growth and health should be studied for tomato growth improvement. The study aimed to evaluate 19 microbial isolates which produced indole acetic acid (IAA) affecting growth and development of tomato (Palupi variety), and molecularly identify the most effective isolates in improving tomato growth based on 16s rDNA sequences. The experiment was conducted in pots using a complete randomized design with three replications. The parameters observed included plant height, plant dry weight, root length, root dry weight, and fruit fresh weight. The isolates that significantly improved tomato growth were molecularly identified using 16s rRNA sequence. The phenotypic properties such as IAA content and phosphate solubilizing index (PI) of the superior isolates were determined. Results showed that the application of bacterial isolates on tomato significantly increased plant dry weight and fruit yield. From 19 isolates tested, Aj 3.7.1.14 significantly increased plant dry weight, root length, and fruit yield. This isolate produced IAA of about 14.77 ppm and PI of 1.86. Molecular analysis on Aj 3.7.1.14 demonstrated that the isolate had 89% similarity to Pseudomonas fragi. The identified P. fragi was found to be the most effective isolate for improving tomato growth and fruit yield. Another isolate, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens was found to promote root length, root dry weight, and fruit yield. These isolates are potential to be further investigated for field trials","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45278821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF INDONESIAN SHALLOTS BASED ON BULB-TUNIC PATTERNS AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS 基于球茎形态和形态特征的印尼小葱遗传多样性

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2019-06-29 DOI: 10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P19-28

L. Herlina, R. Reflinur, S. Sobir, A. Maharijaya, S. Wiyono, B. Istiaji

{"title":"GENETIC DIVERSITY OF INDONESIAN SHALLOTS BASED ON BULB-TUNIC PATTERNS AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS","authors":"L. Herlina, R. Reflinur, S. Sobir, A. Maharijaya, S. Wiyono, B. Istiaji","doi":"10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P19-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P19-28","url":null,"abstract":"Variation within bulb tunics has been used to determine the genetic diversity in Allium species, including shallots. However, no such study has been reported for shallots of Indonesia. The study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of the Indonesian shallots based on the bulb-tunic patterns. Thirty-five shallot genotypes from main production centers in Indonesia were used. The ultrasculptures of the bulb tunics were examined by light microscopy, including the inner surface and cell shape patterns of the bulb tunics. The phenotypic data, i.e. quantitative and qualitative traits were subjected to the descriptive statistics, principal component, correlation, regression, and clustering analyses. The results showed that the bulb-tunic cell patterns were varied, which shared almost identical with 13 Allium species. Total bulb weight per genotype showed the greatest variation (cv = 89.10%) and significant correlation with bulb weight per plant (r = 0.773). The principle component analyses showed the cumulative proportion of 78% of the total morphological variation in all shallot genotypes. Based on clustering analysis, the genetic variation of Indonesian shallots are grouped into twelve clusters with 50% genetic similarity. The study indicates that Indonesian shallots are genetically varied and could be useful for further utilization in their genetic improvement program.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47608568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

SCREENING OF THE ACID MEAT CONDITION IN THE RENDEMENT NAPOLE GENE USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION - RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性筛选低密度naple基因的酸性肉条件

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2019-06-29 DOI: 10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P29-34

C. Mingala, Jessica G. Manalaysay, Nathaniel D. Antonio, Ralph Lorenz R. Apiladob, Joseph F. Bambico

{"title":"SCREENING OF THE ACID MEAT CONDITION IN THE RENDEMENT NAPOLE GENE USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION - RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM","authors":"C. Mingala, Jessica G. Manalaysay, Nathaniel D. Antonio, Ralph Lorenz R. Apiladob, Joseph F. Bambico","doi":"10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P29-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P29-34","url":null,"abstract":"A mutation in the rendement napole (RN) gene causes the acid meat condition which results to poor meat quality due to its reduced water holding capacity, low pH, pale color, reduced processing and cooking yield due to increased drip, and strong metallic taste. This study was conducted to detect the mutation in the RN gene in 535 commercial breeder pigs from the Philippines. Blood collection was done then subjected to DNA extraction and genotyping using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using the enzyme BsrBI, then validated by DNA sequencing. Results revealed that 97.01% of the breeder pigs did not have the mutation in their RN gene, while 2.69% had at least one copy of the defective allele in their gene. The acid meat condition has only been previously detected in the Hampshire breed whereas this study found the mutations predominantly in Pietrain and Landrace breed they were classified as normal (rn/rn), heterozygous mutants (RN/rn), and homozygous mutants (RN/RN) which allowed breeding systems to be developed ensuring that all offspring are free of the defect. This genetic screening will help in detecting the presence of the defect in a given swine population and reduce the unwanted effects on meat quality thus increasing its market value.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46380245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GENETIC VARIABILITY OF INDONESIAN PAPAYA ACCESSIONS AS REVEALED BY RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION 用随机扩增多态性DNA和形态学特征揭示印尼番木瓜材料的遗传变异

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2019-06-15 DOI: 10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P1-8

R. Prihatini, T. Budiyanti, Noflindawati Noflindawati

{"title":"GENETIC VARIABILITY OF INDONESIAN PAPAYA ACCESSIONS AS REVEALED BY RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION","authors":"R. Prihatini, T. Budiyanti, Noflindawati Noflindawati","doi":"10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P1-8","url":null,"abstract":"Diverse papaya (Carica sp.) accessions are found in many regions in Indonesia, but their genetic diversity have not yet been studied. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is a simple yet accurate method that can be used to examine the genetic diversity of papaya. The study aimed to examine the genetic diversity of Indonesian papaya accessions using RAPD markers and morphological characters. The RAPD was applied on 23 papaya accessions using 30 primers. The appearing bands were further analyzed with the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The molecular results were then compared to the fruit morphological data, including fruit shape, size, flesh color, texture, and flavor. The RAPD analysis revealed that the 23 papaya accessions clustered into six main clades with Dice-Sorensen coefficient similarity ranged from 0.71 to 0.98. The first group consisted of 11 accessions, including both the hybrids and local accessions. The second group consisted of eight accessions especially six Indonesian hybrids, a Mexican Hybrid and a Hawaiian hybrid. The other four groups had a single member namely Sicincin Panjang, Lokal Sumani, Cariso, and Carica. The molecular grouping, however, did not align with the fruit character grouping. Overall, it was implied that the Indonesian papaya accessions were genetically narrow, of which some accessions were closely related to Hawaiian and Mexican accessions. These results can be used as a reference on papaya crossbreeding program in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45288097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

REPLACING SLASH AND BURN PRACTICES WITH SLASH AND COMPOSTING TO REDUCE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM DEGRADED PEATLAND 用刀耕火种和堆肥代替刀耕火种，减少退化泥炭地的二氧化碳排放

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2019-06-15 DOI: 10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P9-18

E. Maftu’ah, N. Wakhid

{"title":"REPLACING SLASH AND BURN PRACTICES WITH SLASH AND COMPOSTING TO REDUCE CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM DEGRADED PEATLAND","authors":"E. Maftu’ah, N. Wakhid","doi":"10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P9-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/IJAS.V20N1.2019.P9-18","url":null,"abstract":"Slash and burn are commonly practiced in opening new field in tropical peatland. This method, if uncontrolled, may cause peat fires and increase CO2 emissions. Therefore, alternative method of peatland preparation for agriculture is needed. The study aimed to obtain peatland preparation technologies to prevent peat fires and reduce CO2 emissions. The study was conducted at degraded peatland in Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan from June to October 2017. Split plot design with three replications was used. The main plot was the type of land arrangement, i.e. without and with raised beds. The subplot was the type of land preparation, i.e. slash and burn, slash followed by composting the weeds, slash and make the weeds as mulches, and slash followed by composting the weeds and accompanied by plastic mulch. Soil characteristics, fires vulnerability, and CO2 emissions were measured before and after land preparation. Results showed that slash and composting reduced CO2 emission from cultivated peatland. Slash and burn resulted 4.98 t CO2 ha-1 emissions per season, which is four times higher than slash followed by composting that produced 1.20 t CO2 ha-1 per season. Groundwater level, redox potential (Eh), soil pH, and soil water content affected CO2 emissions. Groundwater level and water content negatively correlated with CO2 emissions. The shallow water level and the high water content, the lower is CO2 emissions. The Eh and soil pH positively correlated with CO2 emissions. The high positive value of Eh indicates that the soil was in high oxidative conditions, resulting in high CO2 emissions. ","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45186891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1