Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science最新文献

THE EFFECT OF OZONATED WATER WASHING ON THE QUALITY OF HONEY PINEAPPLE PRESERVED AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND IN THE OZONE COLD STORAGE 臭氧水冲洗对常温和臭氧冷藏菠萝品质的影响

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p77-83

E. Sasmita, E. Yulianto, M. Nur, Sera Budi Verinda

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF OZONATED WATER WASHING ON THE QUALITY OF HONEY PINEAPPLE PRESERVED AT ROOM TEMPERATURE AND IN THE OZONE COLD STORAGE","authors":"E. Sasmita, E. Yulianto, M. Nur, Sera Budi Verinda","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p77-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p77-83","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt to maintain the quality and preservation of honey pineapple (Ananas comosus) is required to avoid fruit loss and its nutritional values. This research aimed to determine the effect of washing with ozonated water and preservation in the cold storage on the quality of honey pineapple. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors consisting of washing water (ozonated water and non-ozonated water) and storage (ozone cold storage at 2–7 oC and room temperature at 25–28 oC). Honey pineapples were observed for 35 and 20 days in ozone cold storage and at room temperature, respectively. The results showed that ozonation reduced the total bacterial count. Washing with ozonated water did not affect the glucose content of honey pineapple stored at room temperature, but affected those in cold storage. On the other hand, ozonation affected both vitamin C content and weight loss of honey pineapple stored at room temperature and in cold storage. Ozone is able to control bacterial development in honey pineapple resulted in longer shelf life compared to those without ozonation.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44280011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON MAIZE USING ISOTOPE METHODS AT DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS 同位素法测定不同灌溉水平下玉米施用氮肥的效率

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p48-55

L. Anggria, T. Rostaman, N. L. Nurida, H. Husnain

{"title":"DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON MAIZE USING ISOTOPE METHODS AT DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS","authors":"L. Anggria, T. Rostaman, N. L. Nurida, H. Husnain","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p48-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p48-55","url":null,"abstract":"The isotope technique can be used to improve and develop land management systems, including the effective and efficient use of nutrients and water to increase crop productivity. The study aimed to obtain information on nutrient uptake by maize and the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers at some irrigation water levels in sub-optimal land. This study was conducted at the Research Station of Taman Bogo, East Lampung, Indonesia. The study used a split-plot design in a randomized group with three replications. The main plots consisted of water levels 100%, 80%, and 60% based on FAO’s recommendation, whereas the sub-plots were N fertilizer in the form of urea 15N labels with the rates 0, 100, and 135 kg N ha-1. The results showed that the average grain yield of maize (8.0 t ha-1) was the highest for 135 kg N ha-1 and 80% irrigation water. The application of 100 kg N ha-1 with 80% irrigation water was sufficient for increasing N uptake in grain and biomass. The highest efficiency (15.7–16.7%) of N fertilizer on maize was shown by treatments of 135 kg N ha-1with 100% irrigation water and 100 kg N ha-1 with 80% irrigation water. With the isotope method, the N efficiency from fertilizers can be traced","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49287863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TOLERANCE OF IRRIGATED LOWLAND RICE VARIETIES TO IRON TOXICITY UNDER NUTRIENT SOLUTION AS MEASURED BY A DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING 利用数字图像处理技术测定灌溉低地水稻品种对营养液铁毒性的耐受性

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p38-47

T. Sitaresmi, Elah Nurul Hotimah, R. H. Wening, I. A. Rumanti, Y. Nugraha

{"title":"TOLERANCE OF IRRIGATED LOWLAND RICE VARIETIES TO IRON TOXICITY UNDER NUTRIENT SOLUTION AS MEASURED BY A DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING","authors":"T. Sitaresmi, Elah Nurul Hotimah, R. H. Wening, I. A. Rumanti, Y. Nugraha","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p38-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p38-47","url":null,"abstract":"Some improved irrigated lowland rice varieties are quite adaptive to tidal swamp areas where iron stress is the limiting factor of productivity. Information on irrigated rice tolerance to iron toxicity is inadequate and digital image processing for determining the level of tolerance is not available. The study aimed to evaluate tolerance of irrigated rice to iron toxicity. Ten irrigated rice varieties were used, namely Inpari 3, Inpari 19, Inpari 22, Inpari 24, Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Inpari 47, Inpari IR Nutri Zinc, Cakrabuana Agritan and Inpago 13 Fortiz. Mahsuri is tolerant and IR 64 is a sensitive check. The seedlings were planted on Yoshida agar solution using a randomized completely block design with four replications. Leaf bronzing symptoms showed that Inpari 47 was tolerant (score 2), Inpari 3 and Inpari 42 were moderately tolerant (score 4), Inpari 19 and Inpari 22 were also moderately tolerant (score 5). The bronzing symptom based on image processing has a strong correlation with visual observation, leading to propose that image processing is an alternative method to determine the bronzing symptom. Inpari 47 absorbed quite a lot of Fe with few bronzing symptoms. Inpari IR Nutri Zinc absorbed less Fe, but had more symptoms than Inpari 47. Inpari 19 had a longer shoot, while Inpari 42 and Inpari 47 had longer roots. Based on this study, Inpari 47 can be recommended for moderate iron stress-prone areas, meanwhile, Inpari 3, Inpari 42, Inpari IR Nutri Zinc, and Inpari 32 HDB for low iron stress-prone areas.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41360009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IN VITRO EFFICACY OF DISPARATE FUNGICIDES AGAINST Lasiodiplodia theobromae ROOT ROTS OF ORANGE-FLESHED SWEET-POTATO VARIETIES 不同杀菌剂对柑桔肉甘薯根腐病的体外防效研究

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p56-64

P. Inyang, Alias Ndifon

{"title":"IN VITRO EFFICACY OF DISPARATE FUNGICIDES AGAINST Lasiodiplodia theobromae ROOT ROTS OF ORANGE-FLESHED SWEET-POTATO VARIETIES","authors":"P. Inyang, Alias Ndifon","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p56-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p56-64","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet-potato cultivation is limited globally by many storage rots caused mainly by fungi. The study aimed to test the effectiveness of several types of pesticides against Lasioderma theobromae in vitro. Three trials were set up using a completely randomized design with three replications. The first experiment used four isolates of Trichoderma harzianum (AIM16, NSBM, BGMZ4, and AIM3). The second trial was evaluating types of synthetic fungicides, i.e., mancozeb (50%, 100%), mancozeb+carbendazim (50%, 100%), and mancozeb+metalaxyl+Cu (50%, 100%). The third experiment testing botanical pesticides, namely leaf extracts of Ixora, Guieria, and Bauhinia, as well as Eucalyptus resin and Ricinus soap. The four isolates of T. harzianum inhibited the mycelia growth of L. theobromae by 8.0–100%, significantly different from the control, but there was no significant difference between the isolates. Solutions of mancozeb (100%) and mancozeb+carbendazim (50%, 100%) were more effective in suppressing the development of pathogenic mycelia compared to mancozeb+metalaxyl+Cu. Mancozeb treatment inhibited 8.0–100% of pathogen growth and was significantly different compared to other treatments. Plant extracts inhibited the growth of pathogens by 8.0–100%. Ricinus soap (50%, 100%), Eucalyptus (100%), and Guieria (100%) consistently inhibited the growth of pathogenic mycelia by 70%. Plant extracts and mancozeb were effective in suppressing the growth of pathogenic mycelia. The study indicates that T. harziaum, plant extracts, and mancozeb could be developed as a fungicide to control the soft rot fungus L. theobromae of sweet potato tubers","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48998827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND STABILITY ANALYSIS OF ETHIOPIAN COMMERCIAL DURUM WHEAT (Triticum turgidum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA 埃塞俄比亚南部商品小麦品种的环境相互作用基因型及其稳定性分析

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p65-76

Andualem Alemayehu Atumo, M. Gessese, Zemach Sorsa

{"title":"GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND STABILITY ANALYSIS OF ETHIOPIAN COMMERCIAL DURUM WHEAT (Triticum turgidum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA","authors":"Andualem Alemayehu Atumo, M. Gessese, Zemach Sorsa","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p65-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p65-76","url":null,"abstract":"The use of improved varieties with wider adaptability and stability is necessary to maximize the productivity of durum wheat. However, due to genotype by environment interaction (GEI) effect, superior genotypes in one environment could be inferior in other environments. Hence, a multi-environmental trial (MET) was commenced to determine the magnitude of GEI effect and identify stable durum wheat genotypes across environments. The MET was conducted using nine durum wheat cultivars in randomized completely block design with three replications across four contrasting locations in 2020 crop seasons. The result of combined analysis of variance showed the presence of significant differences among the main effects; environments, genotypes, and GEI effects for grain yield. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) combined ANOVA for main effects of environment, genotype, and GEI revealed highly significant differences among cultivars with 66.2%, 26.4%, and 7.3% share of sum square variation, respectively, of the total variation. AMMI and genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) Bi-plot analysis identified the cultivars Fetan, Denbi, and Mangudo as high yielders and adaptive to the favourable locations. AMMI stability value and yield stability index identified Mangudo as the most stable and adaptive cultivar across locations. The AMMI Bi-plot analysis showed that the first two interaction principal component analysis (IPCAs) captured 90.45% of the total interaction sum of squares (ISS), where IPCA1 took 55.61% and IPCA2 accounted for 34.84% of GEI effects. This study identified Mangudo as the most stable cultivar with acceptable yield while Fetan was the top yielder genotype across locations.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47747079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEST MANAGEMENT MODULES AGAINST VECTOR AND SUCKING PESTS OF BITTER GOURD 苦瓜不同病虫害防治模式的综合评价

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p32-37

J. Halder, Pratap A. Divekar, K. K. Pandey

{"title":"SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEST MANAGEMENT MODULES AGAINST VECTOR AND SUCKING PESTS OF BITTER GOURD","authors":"J. Halder, Pratap A. Divekar, K. K. Pandey","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p32-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p32-37","url":null,"abstract":"Bitter gourd, Momordica charantia Linn., is one of the most important traditional vegetable in India. Infestations of sucking pests especially jassid, and whitefly occurred thorough out the crop growth period in the region. For ecofriendly management, different pest management modules viz., bio-intensive, chemical, and integrated modules were evaluated against these sucking pests and compared under field conditions during 2019–2021. Among the three tested modules, the integrated pest management (IPM) comprised seed treatment with imidacloprid @ 5–10 g kg-1 of seed, installation of yellow sticky traps @ 25–30 ha-1, border crop with maize, spraying of azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 10 ml L-1, thiamethoxam @ 1 g 3-1 L, imidacloprid @ 1 g 12-1 L, cyantraniliprole @ 1.8 ml L-1, neem oil (0.5%) + Lecanicillium lecanii @ 2.5 g L-1, and neem oil (0.5%) + Beauveria bassiana @ 2.5 g L-1 from 20 to 70 days after sowing at 10 days intervals each harboured lowest whiteflies population (0.63 per leaf) with maximum per cent reduction over control of 70.14. The number of predatory lady bird beetles and polyphagous spiders were also higher. The highest healthy fruit yields (171, 179, and 153 q ha-1) were recorded from the IPM module for three consecutive years (2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively). In terms of return, maximum net profit of ₹71,211 was obtained from the IPM module with the highest incremental cost-benefit ratio of 1:5.18. Therefore, the IPM module could be a viable ecofriendly option in the management of the sucking pests of bitter gourd, along with the conservation of natural enemies.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44567404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

REDUCTION OF AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN NUTMEG COATED WITH CLOVE OIL, PROPYLPARABEN, AND POTASSIUM SORBATE FORMULA 丁香油、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯和山梨酸钾包衣肉豆蔻中黄曲霉毒素污染的减少

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p1-6

S. Supriadi, S. Rahayuningsih, A. Sembiring, Rusbianto Wijaya, D. Florina

{"title":"REDUCTION OF AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN NUTMEG COATED WITH CLOVE OIL, PROPYLPARABEN, AND POTASSIUM SORBATE FORMULA","authors":"S. Supriadi, S. Rahayuningsih, A. Sembiring, Rusbianto Wijaya, D. Florina","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p1-6","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxin contamination caused by Aspergillus flavus in nutmeg has become a severe export obstacle. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of coating formula to reduce A. flavus contamination in nutmeg seeds. Cleaned and dried nutmeg seeds were coated with a coating formula containing propylparaben, potassium sorbate, and clove oil, then challenged by spraying with A. flavus conidia suspension. The treated seeds were incubated in humid plastic boxes. The colonization of A. flavus on the seeds was visually assessed after treatment. Aflatoxin contamination, the residue of propylparaben, and potassium sorbate were analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that total aflatoxin in the shelled nutmeg seeds without coating was 471.69 µg kg-1, which is much higher than that in the coated seeds with formula (4.22 µg kg-1). Also, aflatoxin B1 was 462.10 µg kg-1 in the uncoated shelled seeds compared with that in the coated seeds (3.71 µg kg-1). In the unshelled nutmeg seeds without coating, total aflatoxin and aflatoxin B1 contaminations were higher (376.06 µg kg-1 and 342.84 µg kg-1, respectively) than that in the coated seeds (3.00 µg kg-1 and 2.74 µg kg-1). Propylparaben residue in the coated nutmeg seeds was undetected, while, the potassium sorbate residue was detected as much as 30.86 mg kg-1 in shelled and coated nutmeg seeds. The study showed that the coating formula was effective in reducing aflatoxin contamination in shelled and unshelled nutmeg seeds. ","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47057641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXPLANT STERILIZATION AND IN VITRO CULTURE OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO TO OPTIMIZE NORMAL SHOOT FORMATION 紫薯外植体灭菌及离体培养优化正常芽形成

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p25-31

Masna Maya Sinta, S. Sumaryono

{"title":"EXPLANT STERILIZATION AND IN VITRO CULTURE OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO TO OPTIMIZE NORMAL SHOOT FORMATION","authors":"Masna Maya Sinta, S. Sumaryono","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p25-31","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.), a tuber-producing plant, is a functional food that produces carbohydrates while meeting nutritional needs. Propagation of sweet potato through tissue culture is often hampered in the initial culture due to contamination. The study aimed to optimize sterilization of explants and growth of in vitro culture of purple sweet potato. Tubers of purple sweet potato cv. Antin 2 were ex vitro cultured through a semi-immersion system to produce shoots. The shoots as explants were sterilized with alcohol, fungicide, and sodium hypochlorite (P1); alcohol and sodium hypochlorite (P2); sodium hypochlorite (P3), and washed on sterile distilled water as control (C). The explants were then cultured on MS solid medium in tubes and jars. Growth and multiplication of shoots were carried out on MS solid medium added with cytokinins (BA and kinetin) at different concentrations. The results showed that the best sterilization method was obtained in the sodium hypochlorite (P3) and alcohol-sodium hypochlorite (P2) treatments, with sterile shoots reaching 100%. Planting the explants in jars gave higher normal shoot formation (85–100%) than that in tubes (12.5–48%). The use of kinetin at 0.5–1 mg L-1 gave good shoot vigor. The best axillary shoot multiplication was found on media with 0.5 mg L-1 BA. Growing explants on the semi-immersion system and sodium hypochlorite sterilization produced the highest sterile ones, whereas culturing three explants promotes normal growth straight after sterilization.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47958047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

FUSARIUM SPECIES FROM AN INDONESIAN GENOTYPE OF FOXTAIL MILLET SEEDS 一个印尼谷子种子基因型的镰刀菌种

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p7-14

H. S. Khairani, S. W. Ardie, F. Parlindo

{"title":"FUSARIUM SPECIES FROM AN INDONESIAN GENOTYPE OF FOXTAIL MILLET SEEDS","authors":"H. S. Khairani, S. W. Ardie, F. Parlindo","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n1.2022.p7-14","url":null,"abstract":"As a generalist pathogen in cereals, Fusarium spp. become the most threatening fungi which can conduct its saprogenesis by infecting seeds. Determination of fungal identity and the yield loss risk is needed to modify the effective controlling strategies. However, there is no report on implementing methods for controlling Fusarium spp. on foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.). This research was undertaken from July to September 2020 and November to December 2021 under ambient laboratory conditions to identify and evaluate the pathogenicity of seed-borne Fusarium species in foxtail millet. One hundred colonies of seed-borne fungi were isolated from foxtail millet genotype ICERI-6 which was dominated by Fusarium spp. Morphological characterization by observing the structure of colonies and microscopical features indicated that the six isolates (Fu1–Fu6) were identical to Fusarium solani, F. chlamydosporum, F. oxysporum, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum, and F. graminearum, respectively. Molecular identification for the 5.8s rDNA target gene with ITS1 and ITS4 primers has confirmed that the Fusarium spp. were determined as mentioned species. Pathogenicity test using potato dextrose agar medium showed that the germination percentage of seed inoculated by Fusarium spp. was only 1.2% on average at 7 days after incubation. These species led to germination failure as the seeds were covered by fungal mycelia. Seeds that could escape from germination failure performed necrotic spots on the seedlings. These abnormalities would contribute to low productivity in the field. The study has implication in controlling seed-borne disease and that resistant variety breeding becomes important issues to be addressed for future research.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49245483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZER SOURCES ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER 生物和化学肥料来源对向日葵产量和品质的影响

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Pub Date : 2022-08-15 DOI: 10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p15-24

M. Zamanian, M. Yazdandoost

{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZER SOURCES ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER","authors":"M. Zamanian, M. Yazdandoost","doi":"10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v23n2.2022.p15-24","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-fertilizers improve nutrient availability and reduce the need to use chemical fertilizers and hold a great promise to increase crop yields. To study the effects of different nutrition systems, this research evaluated the individual and combined effects of bio-fertilizers and compared their efficiency with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) chemical fertilizers on the yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the 2017–2018 crop year in Hamedan, Iran. The field experiment included a combination of two factorial experiments, consisting of (a) the application of chemical nitrogen (N0=0, N1=45, N2=90 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (P0=0, P1=40, P2=80 kg ha-1) fertilizers, and (b) the application of N-fixing bacteria Azospirillum and Azotobacter (BN0=0, BN1=0.5, BN2=1 L ha-1), and P-solubilizing bacteria Pseudomonas and Bacillus (BP0=0, BP1=0.5, BP2=1 L ha-1) bio-fertilizers. Each experiment used a 3×3 design with nine treatments and arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Results indicated that the chemical N and P fertilizers significantly increased the grain yield, thousand-grain weight, plant dry weight, protein percentage, and harvest index. Furthermore, bio-fertilizers significantly increased the grain yield and harvest index. The application of bio-fertilizers with N-fixing bacteria and P-solubilizing bacteria improved the growth and yield characteristics of sunflower. Sunflower oil yield was similar among all treatments, ranged from 2.22 to 5.7 t ha-1. Grain yield ranged from 5.12 to 5.88 t ha-1. A similar result between treatments with the chemical and bio-fertilizers suggests that bio-fertilizers are potential alternatives to chemical fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":13456,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49003698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0