IIUM Engineering Journal最新文献

{"title":"Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Composite Flours Based on Mocaf and Tempeh Flour for Making Cookies","authors":"D. Kristanti, W. Setiaboma","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i2.2234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i2.2234","url":null,"abstract":"Gluten and casein free cookie products are increasingly in demand by consumers. Gluten and casein free cookies were made using mocaf as a substitute for gluten-free flour and tempeh flour as a casein-free protein source. The characteristics of a good cookie composite flour made from mocaf and tempeh flour need to be known. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical and functional properties of a cookie composite flour based on mocaf and tempeh flour. The composite flour was mixed by dry mixing. The composite flour formulations were: C0 (100% wheat flour); C1 (100% mocaf); C2 (75% mocaf and 25% tempeh flour); C3 (50% mocaf and 50% tempeh flour); C4 (25% mocaf and 75% tempeh flour) and C5 (100% tempeh flour). The results showed that addition of tempeh flour increased the ash, protein, fat, minerals, a* value, b* value, and water absorption capacity. The addition of tempeh flour was proven to reduce moisture content, carbohydrates, lightness, and whiteness index value. The cookie composite flour made from 75% mocaf and 25% tempeh flour had a gelatinization profile similar to 100% wheat flour, so this formula was recommended as a cookie composite flour.\u0000ABSTRAK: Produk kuki bebas gluten dan kasein semakin meningkat dalam permintaan pengguna. Kuki bebas gluten dan kasein dibuat menggunakan mocaf sebagai pengganti tepung bebas gluten dan tepung tempe sebagai sumber protein bebas kasein. Ciri-ciri tepung komposit biskut yang baik diperbuat daripada tepung mocaf dan tempeh perlu diketahui. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan sifat fizikokimia dan fungsian bagi tepung komposit biskut berasaskan tepung mocaf dan tempeh. Tepung komposit telah dicampur dengan adunan kering. Formulasi tepung komposit ialah C0 (100% tepung gandum); C1 (100% mocaf); C2 (75% mocaf dan 25% tepung tempeh); C3 (50% mocaf dan 50% tepung tempeh); C4 (25% mocaf dan 75% tepung tempeh) dan C5 (100% tepung tempeh). Hasil kajian menunjukkan penambahan tepung tempeh meningkatkan kadar abu, protein, lemak, mineral, nilai a*, nilai b*, dan kapasiti penyerapan air. Penambahan tepung tempeh terbukti dapat mengurangkan kandungan lembapan, karbohidrat, ringan, dan nilai indeks keputihan. Tepung komposit biskut yang diperbuat daripada 75% mocaf dan 25% tepung tempe mempunyai profil gelatinisasi yang serupa dengan 100% tepung gandum, jadi formula ini disyorkan sebagai tepung komposit biskut.","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91194342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFD MODELING OF MICROCHANNELS COOLING FOR ELECTRONIC MICRODEVICES","authors":"J. Fábregas, Henry Santamaria, Edgardo Buelvas, S. Pérez, Carlos Díaz, Javier Carpintero, Ricardo Mendoza, Jennifer Villa","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2113","url":null,"abstract":" A simulation of the cooling of electronic devices was carried out by means of microchannels, using water as a coolant to dissipate the heat generated from a computer processor, and thus stabilize its optimum operating temperature. For the development of this study, computational fluid mechanics modeling was established in order to determine the temperature profiles, pressure profiles, and velocity behavior of the working fluid in the microchannel. In the results of the study, the operating temperatures of the computer processor were obtained, in the ranges of 303 K to 307 K, with fluid velocities in the microchannels of 5 m/s, a pressure drop of 633.7 kPa, and a factor of safety of the design of the microchannel of 15. From the results, the improvement of the heat transfer in a cooling system of electronic devices was evidenced when using a coolant as a working fluid compared to the cooling by forced air flow traditional.\u0000ABSTRAK: Simulasi penyejukan alatan elektronik telah dibina menggunakan saluran mikro, di samping air sebagai agen penyejuk bagi menghilangkan haba yang terhasil dari pemproses komputer, dan penstabil pada suhu operasi optimum. Kajian ini mengenai model komputasi mekanik bendalir bagi menentukan profil suhu, profil tekanan, dan halaju perubahan bendalir dalam saluran mikro. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan suhu operasi pemproses komputer adalah pada julat suhu 303 K sehingga 307 K, dengan halaju bendalir dalam saluran mikro adalah pada kelajuan 5 m/s, penurunan tekanan sebanyak 633.7 kPa, dan faktor keselamatan 15 bagi reka bentuk saluran mikro. Ini menunjukkan terdapat kenaikan pemindahan haba bagi sistem penyejukan alatan elektronik ini, terutama apabila cecair digunakan sebagai penyejuk haba berbanding kaedah tradisi iaitu dengan mengguna pakai aliran udara sebagai agen penyejuk.","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83271233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF ETHYLENE OXIDE STERILIZATION ON PLASTISIZER MIGRATION AND MECHANICAL AND BLOOD PROPERTIES OF MEDICAL GRADE POLYVINYLE CHOLORIDE","authors":"Maryam Poostchi, H. Bagheri","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1769","url":null,"abstract":"The use of phthalates as a plasticizer in plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) always poses the threat of migration of phthalates into the environment through medical equipment. Phthalates can be used with natural-based plasticizers, such as Epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) known as phthalate’s scavenger and PVC stabilizers. PVC formulations were characterized by different combinations of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) 30-40% with 5% ESBO. PVC flexibility increased significantly in the presence of ESBO, without a change in strength (tensile test). The decrease of the Tg temperature by adding ESBO in Differential Scanning Calorimetry indicated that ESBO preserved DEHP in the polymer. Also, it was shown that the sterilization process with Ethylene Oxide, similar to ESBO, decreased the Tg of polymer. DEHP migration was evaluated at a maximum level to the environment using the Gas Chromatography test. Samples containing ESBO showed less hemolysis.\u0000ABSTRAK: Penggunaan phthalates sebagai plasticizer dalam plastik polyvinyl chloride (PVC) selalu menimbulkan ancaman penghijrahan phthalates ke alam sekitar melalui peralatan perubatan. Phthalates boleh digunakan dengan plasticizer berasaskan semula jadi, seperti minyak kacang soya Epoxidized (ESBO) yang dikenali sebagai pemulung phthalate dan penstabil PVC. Formulasi PVC dicirikan oleh kombinasi yang berbeza di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) 30-40% dengan 5% ESBO. Fleksibiliti PVC meningkat dengan ketara di hadapan ESBO, tanpa perubahan kekuatan (ujian tegangan). Penurunan suhu Tg dengan menambahkan ESBO dalam Calorimetri Pengimbasan Berbeza menunjukkan bahawa ESBO mengekalkan DEHP dalam polimer. Juga, ditunjukkan bahawa proses pensterilan dengan Etilena Oksida, serupa dengan ESBO, menurunkan Tg polimer. Penghijrahan DEHP dinilai pada tahap maksimum ke lingkungan menggunakan uji Kromatografi Gas. Sampel yang mengandungi ESBO menunjukkan kurang hemolisis. ","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89439698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BOTNET DETECTION USING INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS","authors":"Wan Nur Hidayah Ibrahim, M. S. Anuar, A. Selamat, O. Krejcar","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1789","url":null,"abstract":"Botnet is a significant cyber threat that continues to evolve. Botmasters continue to improve the security framework strategy for botnets to go undetected. Newer botnet source code runs attack detection every second, and each attack demonstrates the difficulty and robustness of monitoring the botnet. In the conventional network botnet detection model that uses signature-analysis, the patterns of a botnet concealment strategy such as encryption & polymorphic and the shift in structure from centralized to decentralized peer-to-peer structure, generate challenges. Behavior analysis seems to be a promising approach for solving these problems because it does not rely on analyzing the network traffic payload. Other than that, to predict novel types of botnet, a detection model should be developed. This study focuses on using flow-based behavior analysis to detect novel botnets, necessary due to the difficulties of detecting existing patterns in a botnet that continues to modify the signature in concealment strategy. This study also recommends introducing Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and data pre-processing standardization to increase data quality before classification. With and without ICA implementation, we compared the percentage of significant features. Through the experiment, we found that the results produced from ICA show significant improvements.  The highest F-score was 83% for Neris bot. The average F-score for a novel botnet sample was 74%. Through the feature importance test, the feature importance increased from 22% to 27%, and the training model false positive rate also decreased from 1.8% to 1.7%.\u0000ABSTRAK: Botnet merupakan ancaman siber yang sentiasa berevolusi. Pemilik bot sentiasa memperbaharui strategi keselamatan bagi botnet agar tidak dapat dikesan. Setiap saat, kod-kod sumber baru botnet telah dikesan dan setiap serangan dilihat menunjukkan tahap kesukaran dan ketahanan dalam mengesan bot. Model pengesanan rangkaian botnet konvensional telah menggunakan analisis berdasarkan tanda pengenalan bagi mengatasi halangan besar dalam mengesan corak botnet tersembunyi seperti teknik penyulitan dan teknik polimorfik. Masalah ini lebih bertumpu pada perubahan struktur berpusat kepada struktur bukan berpusat seperti rangkaian rakan ke rakan (P2P). Analisis tingkah laku ini seperti sesuai bagi menyelesaikan masalah-masalah tersebut kerana ianya tidak bergantung kepada analisis rangkaian beban muatan trafik. Selain itu, bagi menjangka botnet baru, model pengesanan harus dibangunkan. Kajian ini bertumpu kepada penggunaan analisa tingkah-laku berdasarkan aliran bagi mengesan botnet baru yang sukar dikesan pada corak pengenalan botnet sedia-ada yang sentiasa berubah dan menggunakan strategi tersembunyi. Kajian ini juga mencadangkan penggunakan Analisis Komponen Bebas (ICA) dan pra-pemprosesan data yang standard bagi meningkatkan kualiti data sebelum pengelasan. Peratusan ciri-ciri penting telah dibandingkan dengan dan tanpa menggunakan ICA. ","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86076540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF E-GLASS FIBER REINFORCED POLYESTER/ MWCNTS NANOCOMPOSITES","authors":"Gerges Naguib","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1848","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical properties of polyester/glass fiber reinforced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were studied. MWCNTs nano particles are mixed within resin in various weight fractions of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 % using sonication. E-Glass fiber (chopped strand mat) is used in various weight fractions within the composite like 80/20 wt%, 70/30 wt%, 50/50 wt% to fabricate polyester/CSM/MWCNTs composites. The effect of the addition of MWCNTs nanoparticles on the mechanical characteristics such as hardness and tensile strength were investigated. The effect of various E-glass fiber chopped strand mat (CSM) wt.% reinforcement is also investigated. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to show the nanocomposites morphological properties such as reinforcement orientation and the bonding between matrix and fiber. It was found that the addition of 0.4 wt% MWCNTs improves the mechanical properties of composites, especially the 50 wt% polyester / 50 wt% CSM composite. The tensile strength improved by 39.8%, and the hardness improved by 38%.\u0000ABSTRAK: Ciri-ciri mekanikal bagi poliester / gelas fiber diperkukuh dengan dinding berbilang karbon nanotiub (MWCNTs) dikaji. Partikel nano MWCNT telah dicampur ke dalam resin pelbagai berat pada pecahan 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 dan 0.6 % menggunakan sonikasi. Gentian Kaca-E (potongan lembaran) telah digunakan dalam pelbagai pecahan berat dalam komposit 80/20 wt%, 70/30 wt%, 50/50 wt% bagi menghasilkan komposit poliester/CSM/MWCNT. Kesan penambahan nanopartikel MWCNT pada ciri-ciri mekanikal seperti kekerasan dan kekuatan tensil diuji. Kesan pelbagai gentian Kaca-E (potongan lembaran) (CSM) wt.% bersama agen pengukuh turut dikaji. Pengimbas Mikroskop Elektron (SEM) digunakan bagi menilai ciri-ciri morfologi komposit nano seperti orientasi pengukuh dan ikatan antara matrik dan gentian. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan dengan penambahan sebanyak 0.4 wt% MWCNT dapat memperbaiki ciri-ciri mekanikal komposit terutama komposit campuran (50 wt% polyester / 50 wt% CSM). Ketahanan tensil meningkat sebanyak 39.8%, dan kekerasan telah bertambah sebanyak 38%.","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87615724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF IPNS (VINYLESTER/EPOXY/POLYURETHANE) ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GLASS/CARBON FIBER REINFORCED HYBRID COMPOSITES","authors":"Santhosh priya Karjala, Vijay Kumar Kuttynadar Rajammal, S. Gopi, R. Ravi, Devanathan Chockalingam, Meenakshi Chinathambi Muthukaruppan","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2031","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to compare the interpenetrating polymer networks’ (IPNs) physical strengths with different variants of fibers. In this study, E-glass, carbon, and a combination of E-glass and carbon fiber (hybrid) have been taken as the reinforcement. Similarly, three combinations of the IPNs were chosen as the matrix material, namely epoxy / polyurethane (EP), vinyl ester / polyurethane (VP) and epoxy/vinyl ester (EV) as IPN blends. In order to thoroughly understand the physical characteristics of the combination of blends and fibers, nine variants (laminates) were fabricated: combinations of epoxy / polyurethane / E-glass (EPG), epoxy / polyurethane / carbon (EPC), epoxy / vinyl ester / glass / carbon (EPGC-hybrid), vinyl ester / polyurethane / glass (VPG), vinyl ester / polyurethane / carbon (VPC), vinyl ester / polyurethane / glass / carbon (VPGC), epoxy / vinyl ester / glass (EVG), epoxy / vinyl ester / carbon (EVC), and epoxy / vinyl ester / glass / carbon (EVGC-hybrid), all with help of a hand-layup technique. Furthermore, mechanical tests such as tensile, flexural, impact, and HDT (heat distortion temperature) were performed on all the variants as per the ASTM standards. Results shows that carbon fiber reinforcement with all IPN combinations has shown extraordinary performance (double fold) over the E-glass fiber reinforcement, whereas the hybrid (combination of E-glass/carbon) laminates have shown excellent characteristics over E-glass fiber reinforcement, irrespective of IPN matrix material. All the results were compared with each other and their corresponding variations were plotted as bar charts.\u0000ABSTRAK:  Objektif utama kajian ini adalah bagi membandingkan kekuatan fizikal rangkaian polimer saling menusuk (IPN) dengan pelbagai jenis gentian berbeza. Kajian ini mengguna pakai gentian kaca-E, karbon dan gabungan kaca-E dan gentian karbon (hibrid) sebagai penguat. Begitu juga, tiga kombinasi IPN dipilih sebagai bahan matrik, iaitu epoksi / poliuretan (EP), ester vinil / poliuretan (VP) dan epoksi / ester vinil (EV) sebagai campuran IPN. Bagi tujuan memahami secara mendalam ciri-ciri fizikal gabungan campuran dan gentian, sembilan varian (lamina) dihasilkan, malaui kombinasi seperti epoksi / poliuretan / kaca-E (EPG), epoksi / poliuretan / karbon (EPC), epoksi / ester vinil / kaca / karbon (EPGC-hibrid), ester vinil / poliuretan / kaca (VPG), ester vinil / poliuretan / karbon (VPC), ester vinil / poliuretan / kaca / karbon (VPGC), epoksi / ester vinil / kaca (EVG), epoksi / ester vinil / karbon (EVC), epoksi / ester vinil / kaca / karbon (EVGC-hibrid) dengan teknik susun atur lapisan menggunakan tangan. Selain itu, ujian mekanikal seperti tegangan, lenturan, hentaman dan HDT (suhu kelenturan panas) dilakukan pada semua varian mengikut piawaian ASTM. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa, penguat gentian karbon dengan semua kombinasi IPN telah menunjukkan prestasi luar biasa (dua kali ganda) daripada penguat gentian kaca-E","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76484689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAXIMIZING OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF A PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY HARVESTER VIA BEAM DEFLECTION METHOD FOR LOW-FREQUENCY INPUTS","authors":"Mohamad Safiddin Mohd Tahir, N. H. H. Mohamad Hanif, A. N. Wahid","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.2156","url":null,"abstract":" In micro-scale energy harvesting, piezoelectric (PZT) energy harvesters can adequately convert kinetic energy from ambient vibration to electrical energy. However, due to the random motion and frequency of human motion, the piezoelectric beam cannot efficiently harvest energy from ambient sources. This research highlights the ability of piezoelectric energy harvester constructed using a PZT-5H cantilever beam to generate voltage at any input frequency from human motion. An eccentric mass is used to convert the linear motion of human movement to angular motion. Then, using a magnetic plucking technique, the piezoelectric beam is deflected to its maximum possible deflection each time the eccentric mass oscillates past the beam, ensuring the highest stress is induced and hence the highest current is generated. For testing works, the frequency of oscillation of the eccentric mass is controlled using an Arduino Uno microcontroller. In this work, it is found that when given any input frequencies, the energy harvester produced a consistent AC voltage peak around 5.8 Vac. On the other hand, the DC voltage produced varies with respect to the input frequency due to the number of times the peak AC signal is generated. The highest DC voltage produced in this work is 3.7 Vdc, at 5 Hz, which is within the frequency range of human motion. This research demonstrated that energy can still be effectively harvested at any given low-frequency input, in the condition that the piezoelectric beam is being deflected at its maximum.\u0000ABSTRAK: Piezoelektrik dapat mengubah tenaga kinetik daripada getaran persekitaran kepada tenaga elektrik melalui penjanaan tenaga berskala mikro. Namun, PZT tidak dapat menjana tenaga dengan berkesan dari sumber persekitaran kerana pergerakan dan kekerapan pergerakan manusia adalah rawak. Kajian ini adalah mengenai keupayaan penuai tenaga piezoelektrik menggunakan bilah kantilever PZT-5H bagi menjana voltan pada sebarang frekuensi menerusi gerakan manusia. Jisim eksentrik digunakan bagi menukar gerakan linear manusia kepada gerakan putaran. Kemudian, teknik penjanaan piezoelektrik secara magnetik digunakan bagi memesongkan bilah piezoelektrik ke tahap maksimum. Bagi memastikan tenaga tertinggi dihasilkan, jisim eksentrik perlu berayun melepasi bilah PZT. Ayunan frekuensi jisim eksentrik ini dikawal melalui kawalan mikro Arduino Uno. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bagi setiap frekuensi input, PZT ini dapat menghasilkan voltan AC yang konsisten, iaitu sekitar 5.8 Vac. Namun, voltan DC maksimum yang terhasil adalah berbeza-beza bagi setiap frekuensi input, iaitu berdasarkan bilangan kekerapan maksimum isyarat AC yang terhasil. Voltan DC tertinggi ialah 3.7 Vdc, pada 5 Hz, iaitu pada kadar frekuensi gerakan manusia. Ini menunjukkan bahawa tenaga masih dapat dihasilkan secara berkesan pada frekuensi rendah, dengan syarat bilah piezoelektrik terpesong pada tahap maksimum.","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90717384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IN-IDRIS: MODIFICATION OF IDRIS STEMMING ALGORITHM FOR INDONESIAN TEXT","authors":"Febiarty Wulan Suci, Nur Hayatin, Yuda Munarko","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1783","url":null,"abstract":"Stemming has an important role in text processing. Stemming of each language is different and strongly affected by the type of text language. Besides that, each language has different rules in the use of words with an affix. A large number of the words used in the Indonesian language are formed by combining root words with affixes and other combining forms. One of the problems in Indonesian stemming is having different types of affixes, and also having some prefixes that changes according to the first letters of the root words. Implementing Idris stemmer for Indonesian text is of interest because Indonesia and Malaysia have the same language root. However, the results do not always produce the actual word, because the Idris algorithm first removes the prefix according to Rule 2. This elimination directly affected the Idris stemmer result when implemented to Indonesian text. In this study, we focus on a modified Idris stemmer (from Malay) to IN-Indris with Indonesia context. In order to test the proposed modification to the original algorithm, Indonesian online novels excerpts are used to measure the performance of IN-Idris.test was conducted to compare the proposed algorithm with other stemmers. From the experiment result, IN-Idris had an accuracy of approximately 82.81%. There was an increased accuracy up to 5.25% when compared to Idris accuracy. Moreover, the proposed stemmer is also running faster than Idris with a gap of speed of around 0.25 seconds.\u0000ABSTRAK: Stemming mempunyai peranan penting dalam pemprosesan teks. Stem setiap bahasa adalah berbeza dan sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis bahasa teks. Selain itu, setiap bahasa mempunyai peraturan yang berbeza dalam penggunaan kata dengan awalan. Sebilangan besar kata-kata yang digunakan dalam bahasa Indonesia dibentuk dengan menggabungkan kata akar dengan afiks dan bentuk gabungan lain. Salah satu masalah dalam bahasa Indonesia adalah mempunyai pelbagai jenis awalan, dan juga mempunyai beberapa awalan yang berubah sesuai dengan huruf pertama kata dasar. Menerapkan stemder Idris untuk teks Indonesia adalah minat kerana Indonesia dan Malaysia mempunyai akar bahasa yang sama. Namun, hasilnya tidak selalu menghasilkan kata yang sebenarnya, kerana algoritma Idris pertama kali menghapus awalan menurut Peraturan 2. Penghapusan ini secara langsung mempengaruhi hasil batang Idris ketika diterapkan ke teks Indonesia. Dalam kajian ini, kami memfokuskan pada stemmer Idris yang diubahsuai (dari bahasa Melayu) ke IN-Indris dengan konteks Indonesia. Untuk menguji cadangan pengubahsuaian pada algoritma asli, petikan novel dalam talian Indonesia digunakan untuk mengukur prestasi IN-Idris. Ujian dilakukan untuk membandingkan algoritma yang dicadangkan dengan stemmer lain. Dari hasil eksperimen, IN-Idris mempunyai ketepatan sekitar 82,81%, ada peningkatan ketepatan hingga 5,25% dibandingkan dengan ketepatan Idris. Selain itu, stemmer yang dicadangkan juga berjalan lebih cepat daripada Idris dengan jurang kelajuan se","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83956740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPTIMAL PIEZOELECTRIC SHUNT DAMPER USING ENHANCED SYNTHETIC INDUCTOR: SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION","authors":"Muhammad Nazri Suhaimi, A. N. Wahid, N. Nordin, Khairul Affendy Md Nor","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1971","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric material has the ability to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy and vice versa, making it suitable for use as an actuator and sensor. When used as a controller in sensor mode, the piezoelectric transducer is connected to an external electrical circuit where the converted electrical energy will be dissipated through Joule heat; also known as piezoelectric shunt damper (PSD). In this work, a PSD is used to dampen the first resonance of a cantilever beam by connecting its terminal to an RL shunt circuit configured in series. The optimal resistance and inductance values for maximum energy dissipation are determined by matching the parameters to the first resonant frequency of the cantilever beam, where R = 78.28 k? and L = 2.9 kH are found to be the optimal values. To realize the large inductance value, a synthetic inductor is utilized and here, the design is enhanced by introducing a polarized capacitor to avoid impedance mismatch. The mathematical modelling of a cantilever beam attached with a PSD is derived and simulated where 70% vibration reduction is seen in COMSOL. From experimental study, the vibration reduction obtained when using the piezoelectric shunt circuit with enhanced synthetic inductor is found to be 67.4% at 15.2 Hz. Results from this study can be used to improve PSD design for structural vibration control at targeted resonance with obvious peaks.\u0000ABSTRAK: Material piezoelektrik mempunyai keupayaan mengubah tenaga mekanikal kepada tenaga elektrik dan sebaliknya, di mana ia sesuai digunakan sebagai penggerak dan pengesan. Apabila digunakan sebagai alat kawalan dalam mod pengesan, piezoelektrik disambung kepada litar elektrik luaran di mana tenaga elektrik yang ditukarkan akan dibebaskan sebagai haba Joule; turut dikenali sebagai peredam alihan piezoelektrik (PSD). Kajian ini menggunakan PSD sebagai peredam resonan pertama pada palang kantilever dengan menyambungkan terminal kepada litar peredam RL bersiri. Rintangan optimal dan nilai aruhan bagi tenaga maksimum yang dibebaskan terhasil dengan membuat padanan parameter pada frekuensi resonan pertama palang kantilever, di mana R = 78.28 k? dan L = 2.9 kH adalah nilai optimum. Bagi merealisasikan nilai aruhan besar, peraruh buatan telah digunakan dan di sini, rekaan ini ditambah baik dengan memperkenalkan peraruh polaris bagi mengelak ketidakpadanan impedans. Model matematik palang kantilever yang bersambung pada PSD telah diterbit dan disimulasi, di mana 70% getaran berkurang pada COMSOL. Hasil dapatan eksperimen ini menunjukkan pengurangan getaran yang terhasil menggunakan litar peredam piezoelektrik bersama peraruh buatan menghasilkan 67.4% pada 15.2 Hz. Hasil dapatan kajian ini dapat digunakan bagi membaiki rekaan PSD berstruktur kawalan getaran iaitu pada resonan tumpuan di puncak ketara.","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73371797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF RAINFALL FORECASTING MODEL USING MACHINE LEARNING WITH SINGULAR SPECTRUM ANALYSIS","authors":"P. Reddy, Sucharitha Yadala, S. Goddumarri","doi":"10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v23i1.1822","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is the key point for survival for developing nations like India. For farming, rainfall is generally significant. Rainfall updates are help for evaluate water assets, farming, ecosystems and hydrology. Nowadays rainfall anticipation has become a foremost issue. Forecast of rainfall offers attention to individuals and knows in advance about rainfall to avoid potential risk to shield their crop yields from severe rainfall. This study intends to investigate the dependability of integrating a data pre-processing technique called singular-spectrum-analysis (SSA) with supervised learning models called least-squares support vector regression (LS-SVR), and Random-Forest (RF), for rainfall prediction. Integrating SSA with LS-SVR and RF, the combined framework is designed and contrasted with the customary approaches (LS-SVR and RF). The presented frameworks were trained and tested utilizing a monthly climate dataset which is separated into 80:20 ratios for training and testing respectively. Performance of the model was assessed using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and the proposed model produces the values as 71.6 %, 90.2 % respectively. Experimental outcomes illustrate that the proposed model can productively predict the rainfall.\u0000ABSTRAK:Pertanian adalah titik utama kelangsungan hidup negara-negara membangun seperti India. Untuk pertanian, curah hujan pada amnya ketara. Kemas kini hujan adalah bantuan untuk menilai aset air, pertanian, ekosistem dan hidrologi. Kini, jangkaan hujan telah menjadi isu utama. Ramalan hujan memberikan perhatian kepada individu dan mengetahui terlebih dahulu mengenai hujan untuk menghindari potensi risiko untuk melindungi hasil tanaman mereka dari hujan lebat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki kebolehpercayaan mengintegrasikan teknik pra-pemprosesan data yang disebut analisis-spektrum tunggal (SSA) dengan model pembelajaran yang diawasi yang disebut regresi vektor sokongan paling rendah (LS-SVR), dan Random-Forest (RF), ramalan hujan. Menggabungkan SSA dengan LS-SVR dan RF, kerangka gabungan dirancang dan dibeza-bezakan dengan pendekatan biasa (LS-SVR dan RF). Kerangka kerja yang disajikan dilatih dan diuji dengan menggunakan set data iklim bulanan yang masing-masing dipisahkan menjadi nisbah 80:20 untuk latihan dan ujian. Prestasi model dinilai menggunakan Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) dan Nash – Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) dan model yang dicadangkan menghasilkan nilai masing-masing sebanyak 71.6%, 90.2%. Hasil eksperimen menggambarkan bahawa model yang dicadangkan dapat meramalkan hujan secara produktif.","PeriodicalId":13439,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Engineering Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90465348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}