Immunology letters最新文献_第8页

Reduced CD37 expression in B cell subsets after stimulation and its clinical relevance in primary Sjögren's syndrome 刺激后B细胞亚群CD37表达降低及其与原发性Sjögren综合征的临床相关性

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107054

Zhonghui Zhang , Jie Chen , Ziqi Xiong , Weijie Lin , Bohao Yang , Zhiwei Zong , Bing Shen , Hanxi Luo , Chen Liu

{"title":"Reduced CD37 expression in B cell subsets after stimulation and its clinical relevance in primary Sjögren's syndrome","authors":"Zhonghui Zhang , Jie Chen , Ziqi Xiong , Weijie Lin , Bohao Yang , Zhiwei Zong , Bing Shen , Hanxi Luo , Chen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to analyse the expression of CD37 in different B cell subsets from human peripheral blood, exploring changes in CD37 expression in B cells of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) and assessing their clinical relevance.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 32 pSS patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated, and B cells were classified into five subsets using flow cytometry based on CD24 and CD38 expression. CD37 expression was evaluated, and functional differences between CD37+ and CD37- B cells were compared. Peripheral lymphocytes were stimulated with LPS to observe changes in CD37 expression. The expression of CD37 and related B cell subsets was also compared between pSS patients and healthy controls, followed by ROC curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CD37 was highly expressed in early-stage B cells, with a significant decrease in effector cells. CD37+ <em>B</em> cells exhibited higher proportions of CD40+, HLA-DR+, and IL-10+ cells, indicating enhanced antigen-presenting and regulatory capabilities. Post-LPS stimulation, CD37 expression significantly declined in pSS patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting increased sensitivity to differentiation into plasma cells. Additionally, CD37-related B cell subsets in pSS patients showed strong correlations with autoantibodies and immunological markers. ROC analysis revealed substantial areas under the curve, confirming the diagnostic potential of these subsets.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The expression of CD37 in B cell subsets is variable, indicating a potential regulatory role in B cell function and offering auxiliary diagnostic value in pSS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144340063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The CSF transcriptome in adults with pneumococcal meningitis reveals compartmentalised host inflammatory responses associated with mortality 成人肺炎球菌脑膜炎的脑脊液转录组揭示了与死亡率相关的区隔宿主炎症反应。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107059

José Afonso Guerra-Assunção , Probir Chakravarty , Gabriele Pollara , Cristina Venturini , Veronica S Mlozowa , Brigitte Denis , Mulinda Nyirenda , David G Lalloo , Mahdad Noursadeghi , Jeremy S Brown , Robert S Heyderman , Emma C Wall

{"title":"The CSF transcriptome in adults with pneumococcal meningitis reveals compartmentalised host inflammatory responses associated with mortality","authors":"José Afonso Guerra-Assunção , Probir Chakravarty , Gabriele Pollara , Cristina Venturini , Veronica S Mlozowa , Brigitte Denis , Mulinda Nyirenda , David G Lalloo , Mahdad Noursadeghi , Jeremy S Brown , Robert S Heyderman , Emma C Wall","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pneumococcal meningitis (PM) has persistently poor clinical outcomes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. To better characterise the inflammatory response and identify factors associated with mortality we compared paired peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transcriptomes before the initiation of antibiotics in Malawian adults with proven PM.</div><div>Blood transcriptional profiles were obtained in 28 patients with PM, with simultaneous paired with CSF profiles available for 13 patients. 15/28 (52 %) patients died. Comparison of the transcriptome between CSF and blood compartments showed upregulation of 2293 differentially expressed genes in CSF and 909 in blood; enriched pathways in CSF included inflammasome activity and neutrophil migration/activation, contrasting with enrichment for pathways including platelet and endothelial activation, cell cycle, cytokine release and oxidative stress in the blood transcriptome. Comparison of CSF profiles between survivors and non-survivors revealed 1829 differentially expressed genes. Non-survivor CSF was enriched for multiple innate inflammatory pathways, including IL-17A and Type 1 interferons and proteolysis. In contrast, minimal transcriptomic differences between outcome groups were detected in blood.</div><div>Inflammation in PM is characterised by compartmentalised responses in blood and CSF. Poorer outcomes are associated with an dysregulated innate immune host response to <em>S. pneumoniae</em> in the CSF compartment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alterations in chemokine receptor-ligand interactions and costimulatory molecules in DC-NK crosstalk: A novel therapeutic approach for pemphigus vulgaris 趋化因子受体-配体相互作用和DC-NK串扰中共刺激分子的改变：一种治疗寻常型天疱疮的新方法。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107055

Vishakha Hooda , Divya Sharma , Ashu Singh , Dayasagar Das , Somesh Gupta , Sudheer Arava , Alpana Sharma

{"title":"Alterations in chemokine receptor-ligand interactions and costimulatory molecules in DC-NK crosstalk: A novel therapeutic approach for pemphigus vulgaris","authors":"Vishakha Hooda , Divya Sharma , Ashu Singh , Dayasagar Das , Somesh Gupta , Sudheer Arava , Alpana Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Innate immune cells, particularly natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs), play a crucial role in the immunopathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune blistering disorder. Dysregulation of these innate cells can lead to significant consequences in the adaptive immune response, contributing to disease progression. This study investigates the crosstalk between NK cells and DCs as a potential therapeutic target for PV. Our findings reveal an increased frequency of DCs (mDCs and pDCs) and NK cells (CD56<sup>dim</sup> and CD56<sup>bright</sup>) in the peripheral circulation of PV patients. NK cells exhibited elevated granzyme activity and IFNγ production, while DCs displayed enhanced phagocytic capabilities. In vitro, we observed upregulated mRNA expression of potentially interacting co-stimulatory markers (CD40 and CD80) and chemokines (CXCL10 and CXCL8) in DCs, alongside increased expression of their corresponding receptors (CD40L, CD80L, CXCR3, and CXCR1) on NK cells. Lesional tissues from PV patients also showed heightened expression of these receptor-ligand pairs. Co-culture experiments further demonstrated increased granzyme activity in NK cells and enhanced phagocytosis in DCs, however, blocking of CXCR3 resulted in decreased granzyme activity, suggesting a functional modulation through their interaction. These findings highlight the significant role of NK-DC crosstalk in PV pathogenesis and suggest that targeting this interaction could offer a novel therapeutic strategy to modulate immune responses in PV, offering the potential for more effective treatment approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144527760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A shared monocyte cytokine signature induced by serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis through the type I interferon pathway. 系统性红斑狼疮和抗mda5抗体阳性皮肌炎患者血清通过I型干扰素途径诱导的共享单核细胞因子特征

IF 2.8 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107066

Shohei Nakamura, Yuko Okamoto, Hideto Takada, Yasuhiro Katsumata, Masayoshi Harigai

{"title":"A shared monocyte cytokine signature induced by serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis through the type I interferon pathway.","authors":"Shohei Nakamura, Yuko Okamoto, Hideto Takada, Yasuhiro Katsumata, Masayoshi Harigai","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the cytokine induction profile across multiple myeloid lineages by sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) using ex vivo whole blood stimulation assay and identify the signaling pathway relevant to monocyte cytokine signature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples were obtained from adult patients with SLE, anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive DM, anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (ARS)-positive PM/DM, and healthy controls. Heparinized whole blood from healthy donors was incubated with serum, IFN-α, and IFN-β, followed by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of 9 cytokines was analyzed in CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes. The effect of upadacitinib preincubation on cytokine induction was evaluated. CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes isolated from healthy donors were incubated with serum or IFN-β, followed by bulk RNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Active SLE and MDA5 sera induced a shared monocyte cytokine signature with upregulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) in CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes, whereas ARS and control sera did not. This monocyte cytokine signature closely resembled that induced by IFN-α and IFN-β. RNA-seq revealed 383 upregulated genes common to SLE serum, MDA5 serum, and IFN-β. Pathway analysis revealed that genes upregulated by exposure to SLE serum and MDA5 serum were predominantly involved in IFN-αβ signaling pathway. Upadacitinib abrogated the monocyte cytokine signature induced by SLE or MDA5 serum.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum from patients with active SLE and anti-MDA5+ DM can induce a shared monocyte cytokine signature, primarily through the IFN-αβ signaling pathway. CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes \"primed\" by serum may contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":" ","pages":"107066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-inflammatory potential of pre-formulated Aloe vera in mitigating allergen-induced airway responses in mice 预配制芦荟在减轻小鼠过敏原诱导的气道反应中的抗炎潜力

IF 2.8 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107070

Rabia Sare Yanikoglu , Rumeysa Hekimoglu , Mert Celikten , Ayca Yıldız Pekoz , Ali Osman Gurol , Mukaddes Esrefoglu , Nuriye Akev , Tuğba Yılmaz Ozden , Beyza Goncu

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory potential of pre-formulated Aloe vera in mitigating allergen-induced airway responses in mice","authors":"Rabia Sare Yanikoglu , Rumeysa Hekimoglu , Mert Celikten , Ayca Yıldız Pekoz , Ali Osman Gurol , Mukaddes Esrefoglu , Nuriye Akev , Tuğba Yılmaz Ozden , Beyza Goncu","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aloe vera, known for its rich phytochemical content, has long been used in traditional medicine. This study aimed to enhance its anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties by formulating an intranasal Aloe vera gel with propylene glycol (PgAv) and assessing its efficacy through <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> models. <em>In vitro</em>, PgAv and Aloe vera gel (Av) were tested on LPS-induced HSAEC cells for mRNA expressions of <em>TNFα, IL6, IL1β</em>, and <em>IL5</em>. Co-culture experiments revealed PgAv reduced TNFα and increased IFNγ, promoting a T<sub>H</sub>1-type response. <em>In vivo</em>, PgAv was administered intranasally to BALB/c mice with OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation model (AIAR). PgAv reduced mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL), decreased TNFα and OVA-IgE levels in plasma, and attenuated eosinophil infiltration and lung inflammation. While PgAv increased IL6 levels, it concurrently reduced PGD2 levels, indicating a therapeutic effect via prostanoid synthesis pathways. PgAv demonstrated superior efficacy compared to Av in modulating inflammatory responses, enhancing T<sub>H</sub>1 responses for immunological balance, and mitigating T<sub>H</sub>2-mediated inflammation. These findings suggest PgAv as a promising treatment for allergic airway inflammation, warranting further investigation to clarify the underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144840936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human keratinocytes exposed to a clinical strain of Leishmania tropica can result in parasite internalization 人类角化细胞暴露于热带利什曼原虫临床菌株可导致寄生虫内化。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107049

Imane El Idrissi Saik , Borja Prat-Luri , Yazmin Hauyon-La Torre , Meryem Lemrani , Myriam Riyad , Fabienne Tacchini-Cottier

{"title":"Human keratinocytes exposed to a clinical strain of Leishmania tropica can result in parasite internalization","authors":"Imane El Idrissi Saik , Borja Prat-Luri , Yazmin Hauyon-La Torre , Meryem Lemrani , Myriam Riyad , Fabienne Tacchini-Cottier","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) due to <em>Leishmania tropica</em> is a public health burden in Morocco. The increasing clinical polymorphism challenges its proper diagnosis and treatment. Although the immunopathogenesis of CL due to L. <em>tropica</em> has been documented, the role of keratinocytes, a critical cell type in skin immunity, has never been investigated in this pathology. Overall, keratinocytes play a crucial role in the recognition and early immune response to <em>Leishmania</em> parasites upon skin inoculation, influencing the local immune response by producing early cytokines that shape anti-leishmanial immune responses. Moreover, they respond differently to each <em>Leishmania</em> species, influencing disease outcomes and helping create a unique microenvironment tailored to each species, thus affecting disease progression.</div><div>Herein, we have conducted <em>in vitro</em> infection of the human keratinocytes HaCaT cell line with Moroccan clinical strains of L. <em>tropica</em> and L. <em>major</em>. Through flow cytometry and imaging flow cytometry, we show that keratinocytes are infected with both <em>Leishmania</em> species and that they internalize L. <em>tropica</em> parasites. We also report that infection with L. <em>tropica</em> exhibits a higher infection frequency in keratinocytes compared to L. <em>major</em>. These findings support the potential involvement of keratinocytes in the early stages of cutaneous infection. However, further investigations are required to elucidate their role in modulating the local immune response. Our study is a first step in the investigation of keratinocytes involvement during CL due to L. <em>tropica</em> and opens new perspectives for research into CL-specific skin immune mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal immune cell investigation from intervillous blood of placentas with chronic histiocytic intervillositis: Directions for future research 慢性组织细胞性绒毛间炎胎盘绒毛间血中母体免疫细胞的研究：未来的研究方向。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107053

Q. Lu , L.E. van der Meeren , M. Eikmans , M.L.P. van der Hoorn

引用次数: 0

The role of DAMP cytotoxic fractions in the immune markers’ disruption in patients with urgent surgical pathology and against the background of post-COVID-19 syndrome 在紧急手术病理患者和covid -19后综合征背景下，DAMP细胞毒性组分在免疫标志物破坏中的作用

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107033

Elena M. Klimova , Olena V. Lavinska , Larisa A. Drozdova

{"title":"The role of DAMP cytotoxic fractions in the immune markers’ disruption in patients with urgent surgical pathology and against the background of post-COVID-19 syndrome","authors":"Elena M. Klimova , Olena V. Lavinska , Larisa A. Drozdova","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>As a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, various population groups were formed that had acute and asymptomatic COVID-19. A survey in these groups revealed with equal frequency an asthenic symptom complex, the so-called post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). The frequency of urgent surgical pathology against the background of PCS and structural and functional disorders of various organs was increased. The aim – to study the dynamics of immunoresistance factors changes in patients with urgent surgical pathology that developed against the background of PCS and to identify pathogenic markers of the severe course and the risk of mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>To examine patients with PCS and urgent cardiovascular (<em>n</em> = 103) and abdominal (<em>n</em> = 106) pathology we used the following methods: fluorescence microscopy, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, spectrophotometry, ELISA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We revealed a temporal dependence of immune dysfunction in patients with a comorbid course of urgent surgical pathology and PCS. The nature of the DAMP (damage-associated molecular patterns) cytotoxic fractions ratio was associated with certain changes in innate and adaptive immunity factors, severity of the condition and risk of mortality. At the first stage (2020–2021), patients with PCS has disorders of the humoral and cellular components of innate immunity against the background of an increase in the oligopeptide and peptide DAMP fractions. At the second stage (2022–2024) of PCS development, changes in innate as well as adaptive immunity were observed against the background of an increase in the cytotoxic oligonucleotide DAMP fraction (mortality was 17.3 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The identified markers of impaired immunoresistance in cardiovascular and abdominal urgent pathology can be used to select targeted therapy tactics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107033"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased expression of membrane-bound TGF-β1, GITR, and GITR ligand in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease 自身免疫性甲状腺疾病患者膜结合TGF-β1、GITR及GITR配体表达升高

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107036

Fumiaki Hayashi , Naoya Inoue , Yoshinori Iwatani , Yuka Yamashita , Hiroya Yamada , Akira Miyauchi , Mikio Watanabe

{"title":"Increased expression of membrane-bound TGF-β1, GITR, and GITR ligand in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease","authors":"Fumiaki Hayashi , Naoya Inoue , Yoshinori Iwatani , Yuka Yamashita , Hiroya Yamada , Akira Miyauchi , Mikio Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regulatory T (Treg) cells, which play an important role in maintaining self-tolerance, are present in the thyroid-infiltrating lymphocytes of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). We examined the expression of membrane-bound transforming growth factor-β1 (mTGF-β1), which mediates regulatory function and glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR). The protein in turn may inhibit regulatory function on Treg cells and TGF-β1 receptor II (TGF-βRII) and GITR expression. We also evaluated GITR ligand (GITRL) localization in thyroid tissues. mTGF-β1<sup>+</sup> cells proportion in Treg cells was higher in the thyroid of patients with AITD than in their peripheral blood. GITR<sup>+</sup> cells proportion among Tregs and Teff cells was also higher in the thyroid than in peripheral blood. GITRL expression in thyrocytes was higher in AITD patients than in healthy subjects. The interaction and balance of mTGF-β1, GITR, TGF-βRII, and GITRL especially thyrocyte GITRL expression, could be critical in AITD pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The emerging role of GlycoRNAs in immune regulation and recognition 糖rna在免疫调节和识别中的新作用。

IF 3.3 4区医学

Immunology letters Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107048

Nicole Montag , Pavlos Gousis , Jürgen Wittmann

{"title":"The emerging role of GlycoRNAs in immune regulation and recognition","authors":"Nicole Montag , Pavlos Gousis , Jürgen Wittmann","doi":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.imlet.2025.107048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycosylation, the enzymatic attachment of glycans to biomolecules, is a vital post-translational modification that impacts protein stability, immune recognition, and cellular communication. Traditionally associated with proteins and lipids, recent discoveries have revealed the existence of glycosylated RNAs (glycoRNAs), expanding our understanding of RNA modifications. GlycoRNAs challenge conventional paradigms by suggesting that glycosylation may regulate RNA stability, localization, and interactions with glycan-binding proteins, such as sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) and selectins. These interactions are particularly significant in the immune system, where glycosylation plays a key role in antigen recognition, immune cell trafficking, and pathogen detection.</div><div>The potential implications of glycoRNAs in immune regulation and disease are profound, with roles in autoimmune disorders, cancer, and infectious diseases. Advances in glycobiology, including mass spectrometry, RNA sequencing, glycan microarrays, and click chemistry technologies, are driving the growth of glycoRNA research and its translational applications. Understanding glycoRNAs could lead to new therapeutic opportunities, including glycoengineering, biomarker discovery, and targeted immune interventions. Despite challenges including low abundance and complex structure, research into glycoRNA is progressing rapidly, revealing their roles in immune responses and disease mechanisms. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on glycoRNAs, highlighting their emerging significance in immunology and outlining future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13413,"journal":{"name":"Immunology letters","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 107048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0