Indian Journal of Animal Research最新文献

{"title":"Thiol Cathepsins and Oxidative Modification of Stallion’s Seminal Plasma Proteins with Normal and Low Percentage of Live Spermatozoa Post Cryopreservation","authors":"Anna M. Shitikova, Mikhail M. Atroshchenko, Valentina I. Zvyagina","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1672","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stallion sperms are very sensitive to cryopreservation. Free radicals generated during cryopreservation lead to spermatozoa membrane damage, decline in their viability and change the activity of cysteine cathepsins. On the other hand, cathepsins may involve in the utilization of oxidatively modified proteins. The present study was conducted to assess cysteine cathepsins activity and level of oxidatively modified proteins in seminal plasma of stallions with a low ( less than 30%) and normal ( greater than 30%) percentage of live spermatozoa post cryopreservation Methods: A total of 33 breeding stallions comprising 6 stallions of the Budennovskaya breed, 22 Arabian breed, 4 Soviet Heavy-Draft and 1 Bashkir breed. We assessed standard quality parameters in fresh and cryopreserved sperm, as well as cysteine cathepsins B,L,H activity, the level of oxidatively modified proteins in stallions seminal plasma with a low ( less than 30%) and normal ( greater than 30%) percentage of live spermatozoa post cryopreservation. Result: The group with a low percentage of live spermatozoa was characterized by decreased sperm quality, increased level of aldehyde dinitrophenylhydrazones (p=0.045) and ketone dinitrophenylhydrazones (p=0.049) of a neutral nature, as well as increased activity of cathepsin L (p=0.029). Evaluation of activity of cathepsin L and the concentration of oxidatively modified proteins in the seminal plasma can serve as a marker in the selection of stallions for sperm cryopreservation.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135344950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical and Fatty Acids Composition of Yak Milk from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Different Seasons","authors":"Jia Hong-xin, Su Mi-ya, Chen Wen-liang","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1678","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Yak milk is the main source of dietary protein, fat and micronutrients for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau residents. However, few studies have focused on the seasonal variation of nutritional components in natural grazing (without supplementary feeding) yak milk. Methods:Yaks living at high altitudes (average altitude of more than 4200 metre) were selected (summer, n=18; winter, n=18; spring, n=15) to analyzed seasonal influence on chemical and fatty acids composition of yak milk. Result: Results showed that the contents of fat, protein, lactose, non-fat milk solid, vitamin A and the main fatty acids (C6:0, C12:0, C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C20:0, cis-9 C16:1, cis-9 C18:1, trans-9 C18:1, LA, etc.) in winter yak milk were significantly different from those in summer and spring yak milk (p less than 0.05). This suggests that chemical and fatty acids composition of yak milk were influenced by seasons.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteria-Mediated Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Efficiency in Ammonia Removal from Fish Culture Tanks","authors":"Pabitra Barik, Neelam Saharan, Kishore Kumar Krishnani, Hemendra Kumar Vardia, Rupam Sharma, Mohd Ashraf Malik","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5090","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aquaculture is one of the most rapidly expanding food production sectors. Due to intensification, declining water quality parameters negatively impact fish production and the surrounding environment. Thus, it is essential to maintain optimum water quality parameters and aquatic ecosystems for sustainable fish production. This study aims to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) and evaluate their efficiency against ammonia in cultured fish tanks under diverse conditions. Methods: Bacillus megaterium from the soil sample was isolated and identified. Iron oxide NPs were synthesized using Bacillus megaterium collected from soil samples and characterized by DLS-zeta potential, UV-vis, XRD, FTIR, and TEM analysis. Next, synthesized NPs were evaluated under ex-situ and in-situ conditions to determine their efficacy in removing ammonia from Common carp, Cyprinus carpio culture tanks. Results: B. megaterium was isolated, identified, and 16S rRNA gene PCR-amplified sequences confirm the identification of B megaterium. DLS-zeta potential, UV-vis, XRD, FTIR, and TEM analysis revealed the quality of synthesized NPs. B. megaterium from the soil sample was isolated and identified. The mean zeta potential of the biosynthesized NPs was between -4.65 to -6.45 mV and had an average size of 5 nm. The concentration of ammonia in aerated tanks treated with iron NPs reduced to less than 0.03 mg/dL from 0.3 mg/L. Also, fish mortality in these tanks was significantly controlled with the application of NPs. The application of NPs considerably reduced fish mortality in these fish tanks. Iron oxide NPs from B. megaterium can produce high-quality NPs that are efficient in removing ammonia from fish culture tanks. Further, exploratory studies are necessary to determine the efficacy of iron oxide NPs on aquatic organisms cultured in different environments.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Platelet Storage Lesion (PSL) Markers in SSP+ Platelet Additive Solution Added Canine Platelet Concentrates (CPC)","authors":"Paunas Kamlesh Joshi, G.R. Baranidharan, S. Kavitha, A. Mangala Gowri","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5150","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To evaluate the Platelet Storage Lesion (PSL) markers and extended storage time for SSP+ added Canine Platelet Concentrates (CPC) beyond five days at 22°C.Fresh Canine CPCundergo certain metabolic and morphologic changes during storage. Estimation of PSL markers helps us better understand quality of the canine PC and to estimate the efficacy of SSP+ in increasing the life span of stored CPC. Method:CPC was prepared from 350 ml of whole blood, collected from 6 apparently healthy donor dogs by buffy coat methodin a quadruple bag closed system. CPC was divided into four aliquots of 15 ml each with one control and three test groups with SSP+ additive solution in different concentrations (65%, 75%, 85%). TheIn vitro PSL markers including swirling, pH, glucose, lactate, bicarbonate, pO2, pCO2, platelet concentration, MPV and PDWwere evaluated on day 1, 5, 9 and 13 of storage. Result:The results were analysed by Two-way ANOVA wherein swirling, pH, glucose, lactate, bicarbonate, pO2, pCO2, platelet concentration, MPV showed significant difference (p less than 0.01) between the groups. Interaction between the additive concentrations and the days of storage revealed a pH on day 9 for 65% SSP+ to be similar to day 5 for Plasma stored CPC while swirling, lactate and bicarbonate were also better maintained for 65% SSP+ PAS added CPC till day 9.Addition of 65% SSP+ PAS to CPC evidenced increased shelf life up to 9 days at 22°C under agitation without significant deterioration in product quality.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136309251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcine Astrovirus Detection and Characterization in Healthy and Diarrheic Pigs from Haryana, India","authors":"Rajpreet Kaur, Parveen Kumar, Naresh Jindal, Sanjeevna K. Minhas, Ritu Panghal, Deepika Sheoran, Naresh Kumar Kakker, Anand Prakash, Vinay G. Joshi","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5138","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Porcine astrovirus (PAstV) is an emerging pathogen detected from the feces of both healthy and diarrheic pigs with limited studies comparing the presence of PAstV and diarrhea in pigs. PAstV has been reported worldwide with a few reports from India. In addition, there are limited reports on variation in the amino acid sequence of the ORF2 region, which codes for viral capsid protein. The present study was aimed to study the presence of PAstV, association with diarrhea in pigs of various age groups and its molecular characterization from Haryana, a northern Indian state. Methods: A total of 176 rectal swabs of pigs were collected from different parts of Haryana. The samples were screened for PAstV by RT-PCR of the partial ORF1b/ORF2 genomic region. The positive samples were characterized by molecular typing and phylogenetic analysis. Result: In the present study, PAstV was detected in pigs in 16.47% of fecal samples, including 21/127 (16.53%) diarrheic and 8/49 (16.32%) non-diarrheic. The results indicated that weaning piglets were more susceptible to PAstV infection followed by suckling piglets. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of PAstV4 and PAstV2 lineages in Haryana. The study revealed endemic presence of virus in the region with high genetic diversity among the PAstV strains, suggesting a wide range of heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Exercise on Biochemical Factors in Healthy and Diseased Horses","authors":"P. Pothiappan, P. Dhanapalan, S.R. Srinivasan, P. Selvaraj, B. Justin William","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-2076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-2076","url":null,"abstract":"A clinical study was conducted with an aim to determine the extent of changes in biochemical parameters in healthy horses and those with upper respiratory tract affection both at rest and after exertion. There was a significant change in the level of creatinine kinase in horses with exercise intolerance, poor performance and healthy horses before and after exercise. A significant decrease in the creatinine kinase level was noticed in clinical group (122.8±8.52 IU/L) when compared to that of control group (187.93±14.72 IU/L) before exercise and also there was a significant decrease in the creatinine kinase in clinical group (158.12±15.13 IU/L) when compared to that control group (187.93±14.72 IU/L) after exercise.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135397640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patho-morphological and Immunohistochemical Studies on Bovine Horn Core Carcinoma","authors":"Vivek Kumar, Dhananjay Kumar Jolhe, Ratan Chandra Ghosh, Rukmani Dewangan, Prashant M. Sonkusale, Sonu Sharma","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5206","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An investigation was carried out on twelve clinical cases of neoplasm of horn in Durg, Dhamtari and Rajnandgaon districts of Chhattisgarh, suspected of bovine horn core carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma) revealed the cytology, pathomorphology and immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Pan-cytokeratin (Pan- CK), p53 gene, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and p16 gene in tumourous growth at horn in bovines. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation conducted during January to June 2022, we explicate the cytological, pathological and immunohistochemical alterations in bovine horn core carcinoma from 12 tissue samples. Cytological studies includes special papaniculaou staining and immunohistochemistry was performed through Benchmark automated staining system. Result: Eight out of 12 cases (66.66%) were confirmed as SCC of horn on the basis of histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Papanicolaou staining revealed variation in shape and size of cells and altered nuclear details. Grossly unilateral large cauliflower like neoplastic growth at the base of the horn was observed. Differentiation of tumours were based on histopathology and Immunohistochemistry. Well differentiated SCCs (n=4; 50%) were characterized by severe keratinization of horn epithelium with concentric arrangement forming keratin pearls also called as “cell nests”. Moderately differentiated SCCs (n=2; 25%) characterized by small keratin pearl formations and mitotic figures. Poorly differentiated SCCs of horn (n=2; 25%) revealed absence of distinctive keratin pearls although deep invasion from primary site was observed. Tissue samples revealed strong immunohistochemical staining of Pan-CK, p53 and EGFR and negative to p16. Highest immunohistochemical expression was observed in Pan-CK which confirmed the tumours were of epithelial origin and EGFR immunoexpression was confirmatory for malignancy and degree of metastasis.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135781611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology and Molecular Diagnosis of Respiratory Disease Outbreak due to PCV-2 in a Pig Farm in Goa, India","authors":"Susitha Rajkumar, Rahul Singh Arya, Shirish D Narnaware, Niceta C. Costa, Tyween Jia Coutinho","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5105","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pig farming is an important source of income and nutrition for rural farmers in Goa. Pig production is threatened by many infectious diseases. The present study reports a respiratory disease outbreak in a total of 200 pigs including adults and piglets with 40% mortality in a pig herd of Large white Yorkshire and crossbreds in South Goa during the winter period in January 2022. Method: The farm was visited and recorded clinical signs and post mortem findings and and samples were collected for bacterial isolation, PCR confirmation of bacterial and viral pathogens and histopathology. Result: The affected pigs showed high fever, reduced feed intake, staggering gate, huddling, difficulty in breathing, cough, and brown to greenish diarrhea followed by death within a span of 3 weeks. Major gross lesions were non-collapsed lungs with severe congestion and localized areas of consolidation, severe congestion of viscera, and enlargement, and presence of multifocal areas of necrosis in the liver. Histopathology of lungs focal or diffuse bronchointerstitial pneumonia and the lymphoid organs showed lymphoid depletion. Pasteruella multocida could be isolated from heart blood and tissues from 3 cases and PCR of the tissue DNA confirmed the presence of P. multocida and Porcine Circo Virus-2 (PCV-2) infection. The study confirms the presence of PCV-2 infection in pig herds in Goa for the first time. The acute mortality can be attributed to the co-infection of the herd with PCV-2 and P. multocida and sudden change in weather patterns with prevailing severe cold conditions during time of outbreak. Sequencing and Phylogenetic analysis of the PCV-2 ORF-2gene showed the PCV-2 virus from Goa is more related to isolates from southern Indian states.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Evaluation of Transtracheal Wash (TTW) in Buffaloes Affected with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections","authors":"Ashwani Kumar Sharma, Sukhdeep Singh Sidhu, Biswa Ranjan Jena","doi":"10.18805/ijar.b-5099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.b-5099","url":null,"abstract":"Background- Evaluation of transtracheal wash (TTW) has been proved beneficial in the diagnosis and understanding the pathology of lower respiratory tract infection in species like equines and dogs. However, its diagnostic potential in buffaloes has not been explored much. This study elucidated the cytological and microbiological features of TTW in buffaloes. Methods- TTW was collected from 36 buffaloes (26 diseased and 10 healthy control) after adequately restraining and using baby feeding tube after giving a small stab incision at ventral neck region. After collection, TTW were subjected to cytological studies following staining with Leishman stain. TTW was also sent aseptically to laboratory for bacteriological culture. Results- The lower respiratory tract affections like aspiration pneumonia, suppurative pneumonia, fibrinopurulent pneumonia, chronic pneumonia and tuberculous pneumonia were diagnosed based on cytology of TTW in correlation with history and comprehensive clinical examination. The mean cell number (cells/HPF) in TTW of diseased buffaloes were significantly higher than control groups. In control groups, the predominant cells were alveolar macrophages followed by neutrophils, epithelial cells, lymphocytes and other cells which includes mast cells, fibroblasts and unidentified nucleated cells. Neutrophils were the predominant cells followed by macrophages in TTW of buffaloes diagnosed with suppurative, fibrinopurulent and aspiration pneumonia, whereas, alveolar macrophage were predominant in TTW of chronic pneumonia and tuberculous pneumonia affected animals. Four out of ten TTW samples from healthy animals were evidenced bacterial growth in which Staphylococcus spp. was the predominantly isolated bacteria. TTW samples from 20 out of 26 diseased buffaloes were found positive for bacterial culture from which a total of 30 bacterial isolates were obtained which include Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus spp., E. coli and Bacillus spp. Thus, TTW provides vital information about the ongoing pathogenesis in respiratory tract infection. It is suggested that, cytological and bacteriological culture of TTW samples should be carried out during the diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of respiratory tract infection in buffaloes.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Molecular Identification of Novel Green Peach Aphids (Myzus persicae) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Their Microbiome Diversity in Taif Governorate","authors":"Somia E. Sharawi","doi":"10.18805/ijar.bf-1677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijar.bf-1677","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The green aphid (Myzus persicae) found in Taif Governorate is a sap-sucking insect that occurs globally. These insects target all the plant parts in both their nymphal and adult stages, causing them to discolour and dry out. Methods: In this study, 250-300 aphids were widely collected from rose plants in different locations in the Taif Governorate. These insects were identified using morphological traits and mitochondrial gene sequencing. Results: According to morphological traits, these samples belonged to the species Myzus persicae. Considering that aphid species are very similar morphologically, the identification of samples that were similar to more than one species was performed using their genetic characteristics. Aphid strain characterization through Sanger sequencing with multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and phylogenetic analysis revealed significant diversity, and comparing mitochondrial gene sequences of aphids with extant sequences in GenBank showed high similarity and a new strains was recorded in the NCBI database for the first time in Taif Governorate. For microbiome isolation, five bacterial species were isolated from M. persicae (Bacillus spp., Serratia spp., Staphylococcus, Micrococcus spp., and Escherichia coli). Our results showed a significant correlation between M. persicae and microbial communities. Future research should focus on discovering new strains of M. persicae and understanding the eco-evolutionary patterns of aphid-symbiont interactions in the Taif Governorate, particularly in biological control.","PeriodicalId":13410,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Animal Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}