{"title":"Is There a There There? Responding to Mythologies that Hamper Multicultural and Global Education","authors":"F. Obiakor","doi":"10.1515/mlt-2017-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2017-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The United States of America is currently experiencing some socio-political problems. These problems stem from myriad mythologies and assumptions that have created labels, categories, stereotypes, and generalizations. While they are not uncommon in many communities and societies all over the world, in the United States, they have exposed intense divisions, xenophobia, racism, White supremacy, and close-mindedness. To a large measure, we now live in fears and anger; and we are literally losing our soul as the greatest democracy in the world. Not surprisingly, our adversary, Russia took advantage of these mythologies to meddle in our 2016 democratic Presidential election. As a result, many are asking, Is there a there there? In this article, I respond to this question by looking into these mythologies. In addition, I suggest ways for educators and leaders to foster multicultural and global education and buttress human valuing and interactions at classroom, school, college/university, community, state, national, and world-wide levels.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130034271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Kumi‐Yeboah, L. Tsevi, Richardson Addai-Mununkum
{"title":"Parental Aspirations and Investments in the Educational Achievements of African Immigrant Students","authors":"Alex Kumi‐Yeboah, L. Tsevi, Richardson Addai-Mununkum","doi":"10.1515/mlt-2016-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2016-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Situated in social capital theory, the purpose of this mixed-methods study was to investigate the relationship between African-born immigrant parents’ educational level, income status, family structures, and academic performance of their children in the United States (U.S.). To that end, 205 African-born immigrant parents from a metropolitan city in the U.S. were surveyed using the modified Longitudinal Immigrant Student Adaptation Questionnaire. The participants’ (N= 205) responses to the questionnaires were analyzed using Chi-square tests and the participants’ (n = 45) interview responses were analyzed using ATLAS.ti qualitative analysis software. Findings from the quantitative data showed relationships between parents’ income, educational level, family structures and academic performance of their children. Interview findings revealed that hard work and resilience to succeed, parental expectations and academic goals, parental support and investment in education, parental involvement, parent-teacher interactions, and parental educational experiences influenced parents to support their children’s education. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for teachers who are tasked to render better educational settings for African immigrant students to succeed in United States schools.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131244343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Culturally Responsive School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports: A Practical Approach to Addressing Disciplinary Disproportionality with African-American Students","authors":"Ashley Johnson, Karla Anhalt, Richard J. Cowan","doi":"10.1515/mlt-2017-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2017-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Zero tolerance policies have contributed to suspension and expulsion becoming common methods of addressing problem behaviors in schools. If suspension and expulsion are being used as forms of punishment, they should theoretically result in a reduction of problem behavior after their administration. In reality, exclusionary disciplinary practices have not been associated with reductions in problem behaviors among students. It has also been consistently established that disproportionate discipline practices and outcomes take place in schools. African-American students, in particular, are overrepresented in their respective rates of suspension and expulsion. School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) provide strategies that facilitate behavioral support for all students, including those with and without disabilities. Discourse on SWPBIS has suggested that implementation strategies are culturally neutral, and subsequently should be appropriate in all schools. However, African-American students continue to be over-disciplined when compared to their White peers, even when SWPBIS is implemented with sufficient fidelity. This information suggests that a culturally responsive adaptation of SWPBIS is needed. This article provides a framework for implementing culturally responsive School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"246 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128566615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When Words Inflict Harm: Documenting Sexuality and Gender Identity Microaggressions in Schools for LGBTQQ Youth","authors":"Darla Linville","doi":"10.1515/mlt-2017-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2017-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and questioning students are commonly thought of as vulnerable to bullying and harassment in US schools, although there is hope that school climates are improving for LGBTQQ youth with the implementation of anti-bullying legislation and policies in almost every state. Although these policies address most overt and physical forms of bullying, other insults, assaults and invalidations may continue undetected. These sexual orientation and gender identity microaggressions, identified in counseling literature, can help teacher educators, teachers and school administrators better understand the psychological, academic and health effects of negative stereotypes and perceptions of LGBTQQ youth that are unaddressed in schools. This paper analyzes prevalent discourses about LGBTQQ youth in schools for evidence of the microaggressions identified in the literature. Microaggressions are discussed and the effects of harassment and stereotyping on school belongingness are examined.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125642161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Yeah, but I’m Shy!”: Classroom Participation as a Social Justice Issue","authors":"R. Diangelo, Özlem Sensoy","doi":"10.1515/MLT-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/MLT-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In-class participation is a common component of many university students’ course grade, yet there has been some debate over whether it is fair to grade participation, given that some students are “ naturally” introverted. In this paper, we problematize the central assumption that the arguments against grading participation rest upon: that classrooms are neutral spaces into which a range of personalities come together, each with unique needs that should be recognized and supported. As educators whose work and teaching is grounded in critical social justice frameworks, we argue that there is a fundamental dynamic that is missed when silence is presumed to be a-political. We argue that classrooms are microcosms of the wider society and as such, are political spaces in which dynamics of unequal social power also play out; there is no neutral classroom or natural mode of engagement. In this paper, we lay out the foundation of a social justice approach to teaching and problematize the notion of neutral classroom spaces. We speak back to some of the most common arguments against grading classroom participation and in doing so argue that participation in classroom settings is a central element to dismantling social injustice in our wider communities.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125190907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge, Practices and Views of Ghanaian Students with Visual Impairment about Hiv/Aids","authors":"S. Hayford, Selete K. Avoke, F. Ocansey","doi":"10.1515/MLT-2015-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/MLT-2015-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study was designed to explore the general knowledge, practices and views of students with visual impairment about HIV/AIDS in order to identify the gaps in students’ knowledge and inform decisions on instructional strategies and materials to improve students’ knowledge. Specifically, the study examined the nature of knowledge students with visual impairment have about HIV/AIDS; described the practices and views of such students about individuals living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopted the descriptive cross-sectional survey design, and used multi-staged stratified, and purposive sampling techniques to select 83 students with visual impairment in two Junior High Schools in Ghana. The participants completed a questionnaire and the researchers adopted descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency distribution, percentages, and chi-square (X2) test, to analyze the data. The findings were that majority of students with visual impairments held correct notion about HIV/AIDS; although, majority of the students understood the mode of transmission of the disease, a significant number of them held misconceptions about the modes of transmission. For example, some of them felt HIV/AIDS can be transmitted through body contact, coughing and sneezing, sharing lavatories and casual kissing as well as blood donation. In terms of views about persons living with HIV/AIDS, there were no variations in the students’ opinions. Furthermore, knowledge about HIV/AIDS has positively influenced the sexual behaviour of majority of students in the study. Chi-square (X2) computation at 0.05 significant level revealed no variations in students’ responses according to sex. Recommendations were suggested to the Ministry of Education, the Ghana Education Service and other organizations for consideration.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130033436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Portrait of Chinese Culture: Investigating Perceptions Presented in Children's Books","authors":"R. Giles, S. F. Martin, Vitulli Paige","doi":"10.1515/mlt-2017-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2017-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Administrators, librarians, parents, teachers, and teacher educators need to be familiar with quality multicultural children's literature as a means of helping children develop an understanding of others as well as affirming their own diverse backgrounds. In this study, 31 fictional picture books identified as containing representations of ethnic Chinese or their culture were examined for literary quality and cultural authenticity. Six reviewers (three Chinese and 3 American) independently evaluated each book using a revised 10-item version of the Multicultural Children's Literature Evaluation Tool (Higgins, J. J. (2002). Multicultural children's literature: creating and applying an evaluation tool in response to the needs of urban educators. New Horizons in Education. Retrieved from http://education.jhu.edu/PD/newhorizons/strategies/topics/multicultural-education/multicultural-childrens-literature/index.html) with the highest possible score being 30. Results indicated good interrater reliability with the mean score of the Chinese and American reviewers differing by less than 5 points for 24 books (80 %). Three books received a mean score of 30 by at least one group of reviewers, and three books received a mean score of below 19 by at least one group of reviewers. With results of studies such as this one at their disposal, adults are better prepared to select quality, culturally authentic literature to share with children.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123220610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teachers' Perceptions of Refugee Students in Turkish Schools","authors":"Aysun Dogutas","doi":"10.1515/MLT-2017-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/MLT-2017-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Children need attention, especially those who have no home, family, school or friends. Refugee children are compelled to leave all of their belongings and to begin a new life in a place they have no idea or knowledge about. Educational institutions, teachers and friends are important for children. Can refugee children find what they expect from life in countries they migrated to? This study aimed to find out how refugee children experience life in a new place they resettled. The purpose of this article was to examine the way teachers identified and addressed the needs of refugee children as they encountered the standard curriculum in a state school in Denizli, Turkey, during the 2015–2016 school years. The method of the study is phenomenology. Seven teachers at the school provided information through semistructured interviews. Data were analysed by coding and trying to find themes and categories. Results showed that in order to achieve a successful educational program for refugee children, teachers should seek multicultural education to learn about students' backgrounds, including social and cultural values.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115915529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical Education Teachers’ Understandings of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy in Teaching Black Male Students","authors":"S. Hodge, F. G. Collins","doi":"10.1515/MLT-2015-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/MLT-2015-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this study was to analyze high school physical education teachers’ beliefs and understandings regarding culturally relevant pedagogy and teaching Black males in urban high schools. The participants were forty Black1 and White2 physical education teachers (male = 23, 57.5 %; female = 17, 42.5 %) randomly sampled from urban high schools. The research method was descriptive survey. Data were collected with a demographic questionnaire and a multidimensional attitude scale, which was constructed in the theoretical orientation of culturally relevant pedagogy. Descriptive and inferential statistical procedures were used to analyze the data. The teachers held mostly favorable beliefs about teaching Black male students, but their beliefs tended to vary as a function of their gender and race/ethnic status. The findings and implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124037292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Faith and Pedagogy: Intersections of Asian American Teachers’ Identities and Practice","authors":"Candace J. Chow","doi":"10.1515/mlt-2017-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mlt-2017-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article explores the role that teachers’ religious identities play in the classroom, particularly as they relate to understandings of race and equity. Employing an intersectional framework, I use interview data to examine how two Asian American teachers, who emphasize how important their Christian identities are to their lives and to their classroom practice, enact identity and pedagogy. Findings suggest that Christian teachers see teaching as an act of Christian service, that both faith and racial identities play roles in shaping culturally relevant pedagogy, and that teachers’ faith identities are integral to how they view themselves as individuals and as teachers.","PeriodicalId":133504,"journal":{"name":"Multicultural Learning and Teaching","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132622295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}