Jie Hou;Xianlin Zeng;Shisheng Cui;Xia Jiang;Jian Sun
{"title":"Stochastic Frank-Wolfe Algorithm for Constrained Bilevel Optimization With Improved Per-Iteration Complexity","authors":"Jie Hou;Xianlin Zeng;Shisheng Cui;Xia Jiang;Jian Sun","doi":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3596231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TSP.2025.3596231","url":null,"abstract":"Bilevel optimization, where one optimization problem is inherently nested within another, has gained significant attention due to its extensive applications in machine learning, such as hyperparameter optimization and meta-learning. Most existing algorithms are designed to address unconstrained bilevel optimization problems, with few are capable of effectively tackling complex constrained settings. To address this gap, we propose a novel, fully single-loop stochastic Frank-Wolfe algorithm. This algorithm incorporates a Hessian-inverse-vector approximation technique, momentum-based gradient tracking, and a Frank-Wolfe update. Our proposed algorithm improves per-iteration complexity and achieves lower sample complexity compared to existing Frank-Wolfe algorithms for bilevel optimization. We also conduct numerical simulations to demonstrate the efficacy of our algorithm compared to state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"73 ","pages":"3237-3252"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Channel Estimation and Sum Rate Analysis of Comparator Network-Aided MIMO Receivers With 1-Bit ADCs","authors":"Luiz Sampaio;Lukas T. N. Landau","doi":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3596521","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3596521","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an enhanced analytical framework for channel estimation in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems utilizing 1-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and comparator networks. The study introduces a novel independent comparator network configuration aimed at minimizing the normalized mean-square error (NMSE) in Rayleigh fading channels. Key contributions include the derivation of a tighter lower bound for the NMSE using Jensen’s Inequality when compared to the state-of-the-art analytical expression for the NMSE of channel estimation, analytical expressions for the NMSE, sum rate, and capacity per unit-cost, and extensive numerical simulations validating the theoretical findings. Results demonstrate a 15% improvement in NMSE and an 8.5% increase in capacity per unit-cost compared to systems without comparator networks, highlighting the potential of comparator networks to enhance channel estimation accuracy and overall system performance in MIMO receivers with 1-bit ADCs.","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"73 ","pages":"3421-3432"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiyu Zhou, Ye Yuan, Hongbin Li, Maria Sabrina Greco, Fulvio Gini, Wei Yi
{"title":"Direct Localization with Direct-path Interference for Reference Channel-free Distributed Passive Radars","authors":"Qiyu Zhou, Ye Yuan, Hongbin Li, Maria Sabrina Greco, Fulvio Gini, Wei Yi","doi":"10.1109/tsp.2025.3595854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2025.3595854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yiqi Chen, Lin Gao, Luigi Chisci, Ping Wei, Huaguo Zhang, Alfonso Farina
{"title":"Direct multi-emitter tracking based on the generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter","authors":"Yiqi Chen, Lin Gao, Luigi Chisci, Ping Wei, Huaguo Zhang, Alfonso Farina","doi":"10.1109/tsp.2025.3595842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2025.3595842","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mitigating Spatial-Wideband and Beam-Split Effects via Distributed IRSs: Design and Analysis","authors":"L. Yashvanth;Chandra R. Murthy;Bhaskar D. Rao","doi":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3593416","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3593416","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the mitigation of spatial-wideband (SW) and the resulting beam-split (B-SP) effects in intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided wideband systems. The SW effect occurs when the signal delay across the IRS aperture exceeds the system’s sampling duration, causing the user equipment’s (UE) channel angle to vary with frequency. This leads to the B-SP effect, wherein the IRS cannot coherently beamform to a given UE over the entire bandwidth, reducing array gain and throughput. We first show that partitioning a single IRS into multiple smaller IRSs and distributing them in the environment can naturally mitigate the SW effect (and hence the B-SP effect) by parallelizing the spatial delays and exploiting angle diversity benefits. Next, by determining the maximum number of elements at each smaller IRS to limit B-SP effects and analyzing the achievable sum-rate, we demonstrate that our approach ensures a minimum positive rate over the entire bandwidth of operation. However, distributed IRSs may introduce temporal delay spread (TDS) due to the differences in the path lengths through the IRSs and this may reduce the achievable flat channel gain. To minimize TDS and maintain the full array gain, we show that the optimal placement of the IRSs is on an ellipse with the base station (BS) and UE as the focal points. We also analyze the impact of the optimal IRS placement on TDS and throughput for a UE that is located within a hotspot served by the IRSs. Finally, we illustrate that distributed IRSs enhance angle diversity, which exponentially reduces the outage probability due to B-SP effects as the number of IRSs increases. Numerical results validate the efficacy and simplicity of our method compared to the existing solutions.","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"73 ","pages":"3286-3301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akari Katsuma, Seisuke Kyochi, Shunsuke Ono, Ivan Selesnick
{"title":"Sparsity-Enhanced Multilayered Non-Convex Regularization with Epigraphical Relaxation for Debiased Signal Recovery","authors":"Akari Katsuma, Seisuke Kyochi, Shunsuke Ono, Ivan Selesnick","doi":"10.1109/tsp.2025.3596248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2025.3596248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Purely Data-Driven Massive MIMO Detectors","authors":"Hao Ye;Le Liang","doi":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3594197","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TSP.2025.3594197","url":null,"abstract":"The development of learning-based detectors for massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems has been hindered by the inherent complexities arising from the problem’s high dimensionality. To enhance scalability, most previous studies have adopted model-driven methodologies that integrate deep neural networks (DNNs) within existing iterative detection frameworks. However, these methods often lack flexibility and involve substantial computational complexity. In this paper, we introduce ChannelNet, a purely data-driven learning-based massive MIMO detector that overcomes these limitations. ChannelNet exploits the inherent symmetry of MIMO systems by incorporating channel-embedded layers and antenna-wise shared feature processors. These modules maintain equivariance to antenna permutations and enable ChannelNet to scale efficiently to large numbers of antennas and high modulation orders with low computational complexity, specifically <inline-formula><tex-math>$mathcal{O}(N_{t}N_{r})$</tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><tex-math>$N_{t}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math>$N_{r}$</tex-math></inline-formula> denote the numbers of transmit and receive antennas, respectively. Theoretically, ChannelNet can approximate any continuous permutation-symmetric function and the optimal maximum likelihood detection (ML) function with arbitrary precision under any continuous channel distribution. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that ChannelNet consistently outperforms or matches state-of-the-art detectors across different numbers of antennas, modulation schemes, and channel distributions, all while significantly reducing computational overhead. This study highlights the potential of purely data-driven designs in advancing efficient and scalable detectors for massive MIMO systems.","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"73 ","pages":"3079-3093"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajesh Shrestha, Mingjie Shao, Mingyi Hong, Wing-Kin Ma, Xiao Fu
{"title":"Downlink MIMO Channel Estimation from Bits: Recoverability and Algorithm","authors":"Rajesh Shrestha, Mingjie Shao, Mingyi Hong, Wing-Kin Ma, Xiao Fu","doi":"10.1109/tsp.2025.3593414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2025.3593414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul-Louis Delacour, Sander Wahls, Jeffrey M. Spraggins, Lukasz Migas, Raf Van de Plas
{"title":"Signal Recovery Using a Spiked Mixture Model","authors":"Paul-Louis Delacour, Sander Wahls, Jeffrey M. Spraggins, Lukasz Migas, Raf Van de Plas","doi":"10.1109/tsp.2025.3593082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2025.3593082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuangyang Li, Fan Liu, Yifeng Xiong, Weijie Yuan, Baoming Bai, Christos Masouros, Giuseppe Caire
{"title":"Faster-than-Nyquist Signaling is Good for Single-Carrier ISAC: An Analytical Study","authors":"Shuangyang Li, Fan Liu, Yifeng Xiong, Weijie Yuan, Baoming Bai, Christos Masouros, Giuseppe Caire","doi":"10.1109/tsp.2025.3592443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2025.3592443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13330,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144736921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}