Immunotherapy最新文献_第3页

The role of bronchoscopic cryoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: current evidence and future perspectives. 支气管镜冷冻免疫治疗在非小细胞肺癌中的作用：目前的证据和未来的展望。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2651072

Phillip N Perez, Illaa Smesseim, Daniel H Sterman

{"title":"The role of bronchoscopic cryoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: current evidence and future perspectives.","authors":"Phillip N Perez, Illaa Smesseim, Daniel H Sterman","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2651072","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2651072","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, and despite therapeutic advances, recurrence and resistance persist. Local tumor ablation can function as an in situ vaccine, but thermal techniques may disrupt antigen and extracellular matrix integrity, potentially limiting immunogenicity, whereas cryoablation has been shown to preserve tumor antigens and matrix architecture while inducing immunogenic cell death. Bronchoscopic cryoimmunotherapy (BCI) aims to prime antitumor immunity rather than achieve complete tumor eradication. We review preclinical and clinical studies evaluating cryoablation and BCI in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), focusing on immune mechanisms, delivery approaches, and combination with systemic therapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Preclinical models demonstrate that cryoablation releases danger signals and intact tumor antigens, drives dendritic cell maturation, expands effector CD8+ T cells, and activates STING-dependent type I interferon pathways. Early-phase human studies of BCI monotherapy show systemic immune stimulation, including reductions in the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and expansion of CD8+ effector memory populations. Combination cryoablation-ICI regimens have revealed improved response rates in some cohorts, although clinical outcomes have been limited by small, heterogeneous, and non-randomized studies. BCI is a mechanistically compelling, minimally invasive therapy, but its clinical benefit remains unproven and warrants rigorous randomized evaluation.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"237-247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147689969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oncolytic viruses in brain cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and clinical trial outcomes. 溶瘤病毒在脑癌治疗中的应用：进展、挑战和临床试验结果

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2640755

Yaser Arjeini, Sara Khalili Dermani, Sanaz Sadeh, Elahe Abdolalipour, Masoumeh Saberpour, Hedieh Zargaran, Seyed Reza Mohebbi, Amir Ghaemi

{"title":"Oncolytic viruses in brain cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and clinical trial outcomes.","authors":"Yaser Arjeini, Sara Khalili Dermani, Sanaz Sadeh, Elahe Abdolalipour, Masoumeh Saberpour, Hedieh Zargaran, Seyed Reza Mohebbi, Amir Ghaemi","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2640755","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2640755","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant intracranial tumors are a major cause of morbidity and mortality across age groups. To assess recent progress in glioblastoma (GBM) oncolytic virotherapy, literature was searched in PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords glioblastoma, oncolytic virus, clinical trials, brain tumor, and oncolytic virotherapy resistance. Relevant studies published through 2024 were reviewed. Brain tumors vary in prevalence, but many have poor prognosis and low survival rates. Among available treatment approaches, oncolytic virotherapy has gained strong attention as a promising cancer therapy. Existing evidence shows that oncolytic viruses (OVs) can produce meaningful anti-tumor effects; however, tumor cells may resist OV activity through several mechanisms. These include alterations in tumor-cell molecular pathways, features of the tumor microenvironment, and physiological barriers within the patient's body. Some OVs have completed in vitro and in vivo studies and are now being evaluated in clinical trials, while others remain in early preclinical development. Clinical success depends on the intrinsic anti-tumor activity of OVs, methods used to enhance them, and their ability to incorporate new genetic and antigenic features. Such modifications may improve immune evasion, tumor targeting, tumor lysis, and anti-tumor immune responses, supporting development of next-generation OVs.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"249-270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cost-effectiveness of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies, alone or combined with targeted agents, for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in China: an economic evaluation using network meta-analysis. 一线免疫检查点抑制剂治疗单独或联合靶向药物治疗不可切除肝细胞癌的成本效益：使用网络荟萃分析的经济评估

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647585

Wei Li, Li Wan, Sijie He

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies, alone or combined with targeted agents, for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in China: an economic evaluation using network meta-analysis.","authors":"Wei Li, Li Wan, Sijie He","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647585","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647585","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This economic evaluation aimed to identify a cost-effective first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) within China's healthcare system, specifically focusing on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens relevant to clinical practice, including newly approved options.Methods: Relative efficacy was synthesized from six phase III trials forming a star-shaped network with sorafenib as the common comparator, using a Bayesian network meta-analysis with Royston-Parmar models, accounting for non-proportional hazards. A 10-year, three-state partitioned survival model estimated discounted (5% annually) costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Sensitivity analyses tested structural and parameter uncertainty.Results: After discounting, camrelizumab-rivoceranib provided more QALYs at a lower cost than three other ICI-based combinations (anlotinib-penpulimab, sintilimab-bevacizumab biosimilar, and toripalimab-bevacizumab), establishing strict dominance. The incremental cost per QALY gained was $10,715 for tislelizumab versus sorafenib, $56,796 for camrelizumab-rivoceranib versus tislelizumab, and $294,795 for atezolizumab-bevacizumab versus camrelizumab-rivoceranib. All findings remained robust in sensitivity analyses.Conclusions: For uHCC in China, tislelizumab represents a cost-effective choice at the current willingness-to-pay threshold of $40,344 per QALY (3×gross domestic product (GDP) per capita). This analysis provides timely evidence to inform clinical practice and policy decisions regarding the allocation of finite healthcare resources.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"169-179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13154959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147485674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Harnessing the gut microbiota in extra-intestinal cancers: from causal evidence to immunotherapy strategies. 利用肠道微生物群治疗肠外癌症：从因果证据到免疫治疗策略。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2648431

Elisa Mattavelli, Valentina Da Prat, Salvatore Corallo, Alice Tartara, Simone Figini, Francesca De Simeis, Sofia Marino, Anna Uggè, Riccardo Caccialanza, Paolo Pedrazzoli, Angioletta Lasagna

{"title":"Harnessing the gut microbiota in extra-intestinal cancers: from causal evidence to immunotherapy strategies.","authors":"Elisa Mattavelli, Valentina Da Prat, Salvatore Corallo, Alice Tartara, Simone Figini, Francesca De Simeis, Sofia Marino, Anna Uggè, Riccardo Caccialanza, Paolo Pedrazzoli, Angioletta Lasagna","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2648431","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2648431","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiota (GM) has emerged as a key modulator of cancer development and therapeutic response beyond the gastrointestinal tract. In extra-intestinal cancers, GM composition influences oncogenesis, with specific microbial taxa and their metabolites linked to either increased or decreased cancer risk, as highlighted by Mendelian Randomization studies. Beyond cancer initiation, GM plays a critical role in shaping the efficacy and toxicity of anticancer therapies, particularly immunotherapy. We searched PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov using the terms\"gut microbiota,\" \"immune checkpoint inhibitors,\" \"faecal microbiota transplantation,\" \"solid tumor\" in oncology patients. Evidence indicates that SCFA-producing bacteria, Akkermansia muciniphila, and members of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families enhance responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), whereas dysbiosis and immunosuppressive bacteria are associated with poor outcomes and immune-related adverse events. Therapeutic modulation of the GM through probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions shows promise in optimizing immunotherapy efficacy, yet standardized clinical protocols remain lacking. Integrating GM profiling with multi-omics and artificial intelligence approaches offers a path toward personalized microbiota-targeted interventions to improve patient outcomes. This review critically summarizes current evidence linking GM to cancer immunotherapy, discusses mechanistic insights, and outlines future perspectives for translating microbiota modulation into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"223-235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13154988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The game changer in the cervical cancer therapeutic landscape: immunotherapy. 宫颈癌治疗领域的游戏规则改变者：免疫疗法。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647581

Ramon Yarza, Lorena Fariñas-Madrid, Carmen García-Duran, David García-Illescas, Roberta Mazzeo, Irene Giannubilo, Ana Oaknin

{"title":"The game changer in the cervical cancer therapeutic landscape: immunotherapy.","authors":"Ramon Yarza, Lorena Fariñas-Madrid, Carmen García-Duran, David García-Illescas, Roberta Mazzeo, Irene Giannubilo, Ana Oaknin","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647581","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2647581","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer remains a major global health challenge, particularly in advanced stages where prognosis is poor despite recent therapeutic advances. The immunological landscape of cervical cancer offers a rationale for strategies aimed at enhancing tumor-specific immune responses. Based on this rational, several clinical trials have led to approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (CC) and Recurrent/Metastatic disease. The incorporation of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors such as pembrolizumab and cemiplimab in the CC treatment has led to significant improvements in survival. However, primary and acquired resistance limits long-term efficacy, especially in patients with low PD-L1 expression or immunologically \"cold\" tumors. This review explores emerging immunotherapeutic approaches designed to overcome resistance, including novel checkpoint targets, tumor microenvironment modulation, therapeutic cancer vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies in cervical cancer. Early clinical data suggest that the combinations of these modalities may increase the proportion of patients who benefit from immunotherapy. Together, these strategies represent a dynamic immuno-oncology landscape with the potential to redefine treatment paradigms in cervical cancer. Ongoing clinical trials and translational studies will be key to identifying optimal combinations, timing, and patient populations most likely to derive durable benefit from these new interventions.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"205-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13154974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immunotherapy of endometrial cancer: a review of recent advances. 子宫内膜癌的免疫治疗：最新进展综述。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2644799

Krešimir Tomić, Kristina Katić, Zoran Gatalica, Gordan Srkalović, Maja Pezer Naletilić, Eduard Vrdoljak, Semir Vranić

引用次数: 0

Immune checkpoint inhibitors in dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: toward breaking therapeutic resistance. 去分化软骨肉瘤的免疫检查点抑制剂：朝着打破治疗耐药性的方向发展。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2652485

Tarek Assi, Tania Moussa, Rebecca Ibrahim, Axel Le Cesne

引用次数: 0

Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 新辅助免疫检查点抑制剂治疗肌肉侵袭性尿路上皮癌：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128

Ana Luíza Rocha Soares Menegat, Brenda Luana Rocha Soares Menegat, Luana Diniz Guerra Braz, Maria Victória Ferreira Piccoli, Thiago Gorayeb Rebelo, Francisco Cezar Aquino de Moraes

{"title":"Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ana Luíza Rocha Soares Menegat, Brenda Luana Rocha Soares Menegat, Luana Diniz Guerra Braz, Maria Victória Ferreira Piccoli, Thiago Gorayeb Rebelo, Francisco Cezar Aquino de Moraes","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2643128","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) represents one-quarter of cancers and carries morbidity and mortality. Although cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus radical cystectomy improves survival, patients may be ineligible due to renal dysfunction or comorbidities. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), established in metastatic disease, are emerging as neoadjuvant options.Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library identified clinical trials evaluating ICIs in MIUC. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. Statistical analyses were performed in R software (version 4.4.1), with p < 0.05 considered significant.Results: Eleven studies comprising 573 patients (82.02% male) were included. The pooled pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 35% (95% CI: 31%-39%). Overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and event-free survival (EFS) at 2 years were 85% (95% CI: 77%-90%), 78% (95% CI: 72%-83%), and 73% (95% CI: 66%-79%), respectively. Additionally, the incidence of grade ≥3 cardiovascular, hematological, and immune-related adverse events (AEs) was 3% (95% CI: 2%-6%), 16% (95% CI: 11%-23%), and 5% (95% CI: 3%-8%), respectively.Conclusions: Neoadjuvant ICIs demonstrate favorable efficacy and acceptable safety in MIUC, particularly among cisplatin-ineligible patients. Randomized trials are needed to confirm long-term oncological outcomes and establish their role in curative treatment.Protocol registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero identifier is CRD42025640278.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conversion surgery after pembrolizumab for initially unresectable MSI-H small bowel adenocarcinoma: a case report and brief analysis. 派姆单抗治疗最初不可切除的MSI-H小肠腺癌后的转化手术：一例报告和简要分析。

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626236

Yu Nakashima, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Kazuhiro Hiramatsu, Masahide Fukaya, Taro Aoba, Atsuki Arimoto, Hiromasa Yamashita, Yoshifumi Arai, Takehito Kato

{"title":"Conversion surgery after pembrolizumab for initially unresectable MSI-H small bowel adenocarcinoma: a case report and brief analysis.","authors":"Yu Nakashima, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Kazuhiro Hiramatsu, Masahide Fukaya, Taro Aoba, Atsuki Arimoto, Hiromasa Yamashita, Yoshifumi Arai, Takehito Kato","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626236","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626236","url":null,"abstract":"Small-bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is rare and often diagnosed at an advanced stage. We report the case of a 61-year-old man with locally advanced unresectable upper jejunal SBA secondary to metastatic lymph nodes involving the superior mesenteric artery. Initial chemotherapy with FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and folinic acid) was initiated; however, a microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status was identified, and the treatment was promptly switched to pembrolizumab. After four cycles, marked regression of the metastatic lymph nodes was observed, and conversion surgery was performed. Partial jejunectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed to achieve an R0 resection. Pathological examination revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with extensive fibrosis in the metastatic lymph nodes, indicating a substantial response to immunotherapy. The patient remained disease-free for 9 months postoperatively. Additionally, a brief meta-analysis of 10 studies comprising 72 patients with MSI-H/mismatch repair-deficient SBA revealed an objective response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors of 65.3%. This case highlights the potential of pembrolizumab for the curative resection of an initially unresectable MSI-H SBA.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13060043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of antibiotics on survival outcomes and risk of gastritis/colitis in advanced-stage melanoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. 抗生素对接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的晚期黑色素瘤患者生存结局和胃炎/结肠炎风险的影响

IF 2.3 4区医学

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626241

Shannon L Bailey, Janmesh D Patel, Thomas Havighurst, Vincent Pozorski, Yusuf Mohamoud, Dahlia Tesfamichae, Elizabeth Dow-Hillgartner, Lindsey Jung, Alexander Birbrair, Vincent T Ma

{"title":"Impact of antibiotics on survival outcomes and risk of gastritis/colitis in advanced-stage melanoma patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.","authors":"Shannon L Bailey, Janmesh D Patel, Thomas Havighurst, Vincent Pozorski, Yusuf Mohamoud, Dahlia Tesfamichae, Elizabeth Dow-Hillgartner, Lindsey Jung, Alexander Birbrair, Vincent T Ma","doi":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626241","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1750743X.2026.2626241","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To determine the impact of antibiotic spectrum of activity and exposure timing on survival outcomes and development of gastritis/colitis.Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 214 patients with advanced, metastatic, or unresectable melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Antibiotic exposure was classified by spectrum of activity (with and without anaerobic coverage) and antibiotic timing. Primary outcomes were the effect of antibiotic administration 30-days prior to starting ICI therapy and during ICI therapy on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).Results: Antibiotic exposure during ICI was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.57, 95% CI (0.35-0.92), p = 0.023). Use of antibiotics without anaerobic coverage was associated with improved PFS (HR: 0.53, 95% CI (0.32-0.87), p = 0.013), and OS (HR: 0.47, 95% CI (0.24-0.92), p = 0.026). There was a trend toward increased risk of gastritis/colitis with antibiotics without anaerobic coverage during ICI therapy, although this did not reach statistical significance (OR 2.08, 95% CI (0.43-5.46), p = 0.069).Conclusion: Antibiotic timing and spectrum of activity may be predictive of survival outcomes and risk of developing gastritis/colitis in ICI-treated patients with advanced-stage melanoma. Unlike previous studies, we found improved survival in patients receiving antibiotics during treatment and in those receiving antibiotics without anaerobic coverage.","PeriodicalId":13328,"journal":{"name":"Immunotherapy","volume":" ","pages":"17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12962703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146149430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0