New onset of hypertension associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer patients.

IF 2.7 4区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Immunotherapy Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI:10.1080/1750743X.2025.2504868

HangYu Watson, Nolan Holley, Tabot Ntoung Nkongho, Brijesh Patel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate whether immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is associated with a higher incidence of hypertension (HTN) among cancer patients compared to those not treated with ICIs.

Materials & methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the TriNetX Research Network, a global database of de-identified electronic health records. Adult patients (≥18 years) with lung, breast, colon, kidney, or skin cancer were categorized based on ICI treatment. Patients with preexisting hypertension were excluded. Propensity score matching (1:1) based on demographics and comorbidities yielded two balanced cohorts of 24,956 patients each. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypertension within one year of cancer diagnosis.

Results: The incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in the ICI group (13.2%) compared to the non-ICI group (9.7%). The risk ratio was 1.356 (95% CI: 1.271-1.446), and the odds ratio was 1.410 (95% CI: 1.311-1.516), both with p < 0.001. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed lower hypertension-free survival in the ICI group (log-rank p < 0.001; HR = 1.071).

Conclusions: ICI therapy is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension. These findings support the need for routine cardiovascular monitoring in patients receiving ICI treatment.

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癌症患者新发高血压与免疫检查点抑制剂治疗相关

目的：评估与未接受免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）治疗的癌症患者相比，免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）治疗是否与更高的高血压（HTN）发生率相关。材料和方法：这项回顾性队列研究利用了来自TriNetX研究网络的数据，这是一个去识别电子健康记录的全球数据库。肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、肾癌或皮肤癌的成年患者（≥18岁）根据ICI治疗进行分类。排除既往存在高血压的患者。基于人口统计学和合并症的倾向评分匹配（1:1）产生了两个平衡的队列，每个队列有24,956例患者。主要结局是癌症诊断后一年内高血压的发病率。结果：ICI组高血压发病率（13.2%）明显高于非ICI组（9.7%）。风险比为1.356 (95% CI: 1.271-1.446)，优势比为1.410 (95% CI: 1.311-1.516)，均为p。结论：ICI治疗与高血压发生风险增加显著相关。这些发现支持对接受ICI治疗的患者进行常规心血管监测的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Immunotherapy 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.60%

发文量

113

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Many aspects of the immune system and mechanisms of immunomodulatory therapies remain to be elucidated in order to exploit fully the emerging opportunities. Those involved in the research and clinical applications of immunotherapy are challenged by the huge and intricate volumes of knowledge arising from this fast-evolving field. The journal Immunotherapy offers the scientific community an interdisciplinary forum, providing them with information on the most recent advances of various aspects of immunotherapies, in a concise format to aid navigation of this complex field. Immunotherapy delivers essential information in concise, at-a-glance article formats. Key advances in the field are reported and analyzed by international experts, providing an authoritative but accessible forum for this vitally important area of research. Unsolicited article proposals are welcomed and authors are required to comply fully with the journal''s Disclosure & Conflict of Interest Policy as well as major publishing guidelines, including ICMJE and GPP3.