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High-Avidity Anti-Filovirus IgG Elicited Using Protein Subunit Vaccines Does Not Correlate with Protection 用蛋白质亚单位疫苗诱导的高亲和力抗丝状病毒IgG与保护无关

Immuno Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/immuno3040022

Caitlin A. Williams, Teri Ann S. Wong, Michael M. Lieberman, Jake Yalley-Ogunro, Mehtap Cabus, Sara Nezami, Fabian Paz, Hanne Andersen, Thomas W. Geisbert, Axel T. Lehrer

{"title":"High-Avidity Anti-Filovirus IgG Elicited Using Protein Subunit Vaccines Does Not Correlate with Protection","authors":"Caitlin A. Williams, Teri Ann S. Wong, Michael M. Lieberman, Jake Yalley-Ogunro, Mehtap Cabus, Sara Nezami, Fabian Paz, Hanne Andersen, Thomas W. Geisbert, Axel T. Lehrer","doi":"10.3390/immuno3040022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/immuno3040022","url":null,"abstract":"Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) poses a significant threat to public health due to its high case fatality rate and epidemic potential. This is further complicated by the lack of precise immune correlates of protection and difficulties in conducting in vivo animal studies due to species specificity of Ebola virus disease (EVD) and classification as a biosafety level 4 pathogen. Related ebolaviruses have also contributed to the public health threat; Uganda recently experienced an outbreak of Sudan ebolavirus, which also had a high case fatality rate. Vaccination targeting EBOV has demonstrated significant efficacy; however, the protective cellular and humoral responses at play are still poorly understood. Vaccination for vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, young children, and immunocompromised individuals is still limited. Understanding vaccine correlates of protection (vCOP) is key to developing alternative vaccination strategies for these groups. Components of immunity such as neutralizing antibody and cell-mediated immunity are likely responsible for protective responses; however, existing research fails to fully define their roles in protection. Here we investigated vaccine-elicited antibody avidity as a potential correlate of protection and to further characterize the contribution of antibody avidity in protective and nonprotective vaccine responses.","PeriodicalId":13326,"journal":{"name":"Immuno","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135315614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monoclonal War: The Antibody Arsenal and Targets for Expanded Application 单克隆战争:抗体库和扩大应用的靶点

Immuno Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.3390/immuno3030021

Eric H. Rosenn, Mickael Benhaim, Allison Siegel, David A. Stein, Joseph S. Leonard, Erik Katcher, Dania Halperin, Zachary Mostel

引用次数: 0

Autophagy in Virus Infection: A Race between Host Immune Response and Viral Antagonism. 病毒感染中的自噬:宿主免疫反应和病毒拮抗之间的一种竞赛。

Immuno Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.3390/immuno2010012

Karan Chawla, Gayatri Subramanian, Tia Rahman, Shumin Fan, Sukanya Chakravarty, Shreyas Gujja, Hayley Demchak, Ritu Chakravarti, Saurabh Chattopadhyay

{"title":"Autophagy in Virus Infection: A Race between Host Immune Response and Viral Antagonism.","authors":"Karan Chawla, Gayatri Subramanian, Tia Rahman, Shumin Fan, Sukanya Chakravarty, Shreyas Gujja, Hayley Demchak, Ritu Chakravarti, Saurabh Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.3390/immuno2010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/immuno2010012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Virus-infected cells trigger a robust innate immune response and facilitate virus replication. Here, we review the role of autophagy in virus infection, focusing on both pro-viral and anti-viral host responses using a select group of viruses. Autophagy is a cellular degradation pathway operated at the basal level to maintain homeostasis and is induced by external stimuli for specific functions. The degradative function of autophagy is considered a cellular anti-viral immune response. However, autophagy is a double-edged sword in viral infection; viruses often benefit from it, and the infected cells can also use it to inhibit viral replication. In addition to viral regulation, autophagy pathway proteins also function in autophagy-independent manners to regulate immune responses. Since viruses have co-evolved with hosts, they have developed ways to evade the anti-viral autophagic responses of the cells. Some of these mechanisms are also covered in our review. Lastly, we conclude with the thought that autophagy can be targeted for therapeutic interventions against viral diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13326,"journal":{"name":"Immuno","volume":"2 1","pages":"153-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8893043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10810173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

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