Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding最新文献

{"title":"Hybrid vigour studies for root yield traits across the environments in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.)","authors":"Gajala . Ameen","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"In the present experiment, 45 F1 hybrids of Ashwagandha were included in relation to investigate extent of heterosis for dry root yield and its attributing characters. The pooled ANOVA depicted the valuable amount of diversity existed among genotypes for all the characters. The significant estimates of heterosis in desirable direction were recorded in 22 hybrids over the mid parent, six hybrids over the better parent and six hybrids against the superior check (JA-134) for dry root yield, out of which the cross, UWS-309 × RVA-100 exhibited highest useful heterosis (17.42 %) for dry root yield across the environments, hence, the cross may be gainfully utilized.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47879215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide mining of simple sequence repeats and development of polymorphic SSR markers in Aquilaria malaccensis","authors":"S. Bordoloi, N. .. Ravi, M. Modi, R. Jayaraj","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"Aquilaria malaccensis is one of the economically important tree species distributed in North-east India which produces oleoresinous heartwood known as Agarwood - the most expensive wood in the world. There are limited genomic resources in this species. Therefore, the publicly available whole-genome sequence of Aquilaria agallocha, which is a synonym of A. malaccensis, was utilized for genome-wide mining of Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) and to develop polymorphic SSR markers. In total 2,53,155 SSRs were identified from the draft genome. Primers were designed for di-nucleotide and tri-nucleotide repeats and screening of 90 such primers have resulted in the identification of 10 polymorphic markers. The present report is the first one for exhaustive identification of SSRs from the draft genome of the species. The SSR markers identified in the present study may be efficient in genomic analyses and useful in the genetic assessment and conservation of A. malaccensis.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48294232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of molecular markers linked to flowering time genes in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Aswini Nunavath, V. Hegde, C. Bharadwaj, S. Tripathi, Rajendra Kumar, P. Jain, R. Singh, Supriya Sachdeva","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to validate molecular markers linked to genomic regions controlling flowering time in a set of Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) population derived from Pusa 362 (Late) x BGD 132 (Early) and 21 diverse genotypes differing in time of flowering in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The study of the polymorphic survey between parents using 27 linked markers of chickpea and Arabidopsis found 8 of them polymorphic. Bulked Segregant Analysis identified TA64 and TA142 as putatively linked to efl3 locus governing early flowering in chickpea that can be utilized for marker assisted selection. The PCR amplification of 6 polymorphic markers in germplasm showed the presence of one or more alleles in many of them (up to 3), indicating the complex nature of flowering time in chickpea. The amplification pattern of CaEfl3a-F1 marker linked to Efl3 early flowering allele of Arabidopsis in 21 chickpea germplasm indicated the presence of some conserved genomic sequences controlling flowering time in the two species.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48584748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An easy method of artificial hybridization in two arid legumes, guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Taub.) and moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jack.) Marechal]","authors":"H. Mahla, Ramavtar Sharma","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Moth bean and guar are important rain-fed crops of the western arid region of India. The genetic improvement mostly realized through germplasm evaluation and selection has successfully increased the yield potential and stability. However, continued improvement has been hampered due to the inefficient or non-availability of crossing techniques for recombination breeding. We attempted direct pollination without emasculation and found it very successful compared to earlier techniques used in both crops. The article providesa detailed method for the selection of buds and pollination.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41628333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of fertility restoration for the A1 cytoplasmic genic male sterility system in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.)","authors":"S. Chandra, Sarvjeet Singh, C. Satyavathi, S. Sankar, A. Singh, J. Bhat","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"With the objective to investigate the inheritance pattern of fertility restoration of A1cytoplasm in multi-environments, six crosses were developed by crossing two A1 cytoplasm-based male sterile lines (A-lines) with three diverse restorers (R-lines). The parents, 6 F2s and 6 BC1s were evaluated in the rainy season at Delhi and summer season at Delhi and Dharwad. Four crosses viz.,576A1×PPMI 1012, 411A1× PPMI 1012, 576A1× ICMR 06111 and 411A1× ICMR 06111 showed a segregation ratio of fertile: semi-fertile: sterile as 9:3:4 and 1:1:2 in F2 and BC1 generations, respectively, based on pollen fertility and seed set percent data, indicating digenic supplementary gene action. In the other two crosses, i.e., 576A1× HTP 94/54 and 411A1× HTP 94/54, different digenic ratios of 9:7 and 1:3 of fertile and sterile plants were observed in F2 and BC1 generations, respectively, indicating complementary interaction of two genes. The deviation of expected ratios in the summer season at Delhi resulted due to excess sterile plants, as influenced by modifiers and environmental conditions that prevailed during the dry season. Thus, in the present investigation, fertility restoration of A1-based CGMS system was observed to be governed by two major genes. Still, with different types of epistatic interactions, digenic inheritance of A1 cytoplasm suggests that test of allelism and genetic mapping of fertility restorer genes can be taken up in the future.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44483907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-QTLs linked to nitrogen use efficiency are randomly distributed in Indian rice germplasm","authors":"Rahul Kumar, K. Vinod, S. G. Krishnan, Dinesh Kumar, S. Mehrotra, L. Sathee, R. Ellur, A. Singh, P. Bhowmick, H. Bollinedi, M. Nagarajan, P. Mandal","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen (N) recognized as a critical element for plant growth plays a fundamental role in rice cultivation. The N use efficiency (NUE) hovers around 30-35% in rice, suggesting a significant loss of N from the rice fields. Improving the NUE therefore would require genetic interventions and breeding. The cultivar improvement for N uptake and utilization is required to elevate NUE to further heights. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for NUE under varying conditions and genetic backgrounds have been reported in rice. Consolidation of this distributed and unorganized information is necessary to identify critical genomic regions to be used for crop improvement. Therefore, a Meta-analysis from an assembly of 506 QTLs reported from 18 different studies was performed to identify the most significant genomic regions associated with NUE in rice. A total of 12 meta-QTLs (mQTLs) related to the traits such as NUE and grain yield per plant under N deficit conditions have been identified over four rice chromosomes namely 1, 3, 4, and 8. Evaluation of these mQTLs in a set of Indian rice germplasm revealed a significant association of the meta loci with N use parameters and showed wide distribution in the germplasm. Identification of mQTLs on different chromosomes together with their respective markers will help recruit them in marker-assisted selection (MAS) to develop N use efficient genotypes.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42071760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro mass multiplication of economically endangered forest plant Chironji (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.)","authors":"Swapnil Singh, Radheshyam Sharma, R. Ramakrishnan, Stuti Sharma, N. Dwivedi, Ashish Kumar, V. S. Gaur","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"A protocol was developed for organogenesis and in vitro multiplication of chironji using young leaf and nodal segments. Maximum 41 callus were induced in MS containing 2.5mg/l 2,4-D after 3 weeks of inoculations of leaf explants. Further, callus and nodal segments were inoculated alone and combination of Thidiazuron (TDZ), BAP, and Kinetin and the maximum shoot induction was obtained in a wood plant medium 2.5mg/L TDZ alone enriched with 0.1% of activated charcoal. In comparison, the maximum shoot proliferation (78%) was observed in ½WPM containing 2.5mg/L TDZ and 0.5mg/L GA3 with 5.7 shoots per explants. Maximum 8 roots were observed in vitro regenerated shoots with WPM supplemented with 2.0 mg/l IBA enriched with 0.2% activated charcoal. Plants with 3-4cm in root length were acclimatized and transferred to pots containing an autoclaved mixture of soil, sand and manure in 2:1:1 ratio. Approximately 70% survival rate was recorded from in vitro grown plantlets on transfer to pots.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47473002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating molecular diversity in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.Thell.) under terminal heat stress environment using morpho-physiological traits and SSR markers","authors":"Vijay Kamal Meena, Rohit Kumar Sharma, S. Chand, Monu Kumar, Naresh Kumar, N. Jain, Attar Singh","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"A set of 36 wheat genotypes was analysed for genetic diversity and terminal heat tolerance under diverse environmental conditions for two years. Based on a minimum mean stress susceptibility index over the seasons, five genotypes, namely, HD3090, HD3086, HD3266, DW1636 and DW1638 emerged as terminal heat tolerant. The D2 analysis grouped the 36 genotypes into eight and six clusters in 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively. The result of the principal component analysis was also in agreement with the results of hierarchical cluster analysis. Out of 82 SSR markers used to study the molecular diversity, 45 were polymorphic. Estimates for polymorphism information content varied from 0.09 (GWM297) to 0.50 (GWM111 and CFD46), marker index varied from 0.22 (WMC213) to 1.33 (WMC232), and resolving power varied 1.6 (GWM194 and CFD127) to 4.69 (WMC505). A total of 102, including 20 rare and three unique alleles were detected. The number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 4 with an average value of 2.2 alleles per marker. Based on SSR polymorphism, the genotypes were grouped into six divergent multi-genotypic clusters. Comparative genotypic grouping using molecular markers and morpho-physiological traits revealed no similarities of genotypic clustering in different crop seasons. However, three out of five genotypes, HD3090, HD3086 and HD3266 identified as terminal heat-tolerant in different clusters based on D2 values and SSR marker cluster analysis. Therefore, these genetically diverse genotypes could be used as a potential donor for improving the terminal heat tolerance in wheat.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46239341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of aerial node mediated emergence and field performance in lower altitude of a higher altitude specific endangered medicinal plant, Valeriana jatamansi Jones","authors":"Sidhartha Sharma, H. Mondal","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"A study was undertaken to develop a convenient, low cost, and an efficient technique for rapid propagation from aerial node of Valenaria jatamansi Jones directly in artificial soil formulations. The performance of aerial node mediated emergence was also evaluated in higher altitude (HA) as well as lower altitude (LA) to monitor the above and below ground growth parameters in a year in addition to active marker component analysis. The combination of supplemented artificial soil (SAS) having NPK, PSB and Tricoderma asperellum along with critical environment that initiated the high emergence as well as growth benefit at early time point (49 days). The two-node containing aerial cutting (wt.=0.580 ± 0.156g; emergence=87.383 ± 2.483%) showed maximum emergence as compared to one node containing aerial cutting (avg.=0.165 ± 0.016g; avg. emergence=63.883 ± 2.77). Concomitantly, injection of 2 μL of 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA; 0.25 mg.lt-1) into an aerial node also enhanced early time point growth benefits like significantly higher number of root initiation. The 4-month-old plant produced around 10 additional aerial nodes that could be explored for next round planting material production and original plant will be directly transplanted into main field with more than 90% survival rate without additional acclimatization and hardening steps. Therefore, a continuous and exponential rate of mass clonal propagation could be achieved from one-time requirement of aerial nodes. The 235 days exposure in lower altitude environment produced a significantly higher number of leaves, larger petiole length, smaller leaf length and breadth as compared to natural habitat grown plant in higher altitude. The above ground mass and root production were significantly higher in LA environment as compared to HA environment, but not in total rhizome production with variation in marker active component. The present study developed for the first time a new plant emergence from aerial node in SAS. Hence, it was breakthrough that aerial node produced Quality Planting Material (QPM) directly. Hence, it will be easy to bypass the costly process like tissue culture for clonal propagation of V. jatamansi, an endangered medicinal plant.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49223397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of genomic loci governing pericarp colour through GWAS in rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"N. Rana, S. Kumawat, U. Singh, V. Singh, R. Deshmukh, T. Sharma, H. Sonah","doi":"10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31742/ijgpb.82.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Rice pericarp colour is one of the nutritional traits that is now gaining attention worldwide. In the present investigation, genome-wide association GWAS) was performed to identify loci governing pericarp colour in rice. A set of 1,349,269 SNPs and precise phenotyping across 325 diverse accessions of rice were used for the GWAS. The accessions belong to five rice isozyme classification groups viz., indica, japonica, aromatic, aus, and admix. The GWAS identified two significant loci gPC5-1and gPC7-1 on chromosomes, 5 and 7, respectively, associated with the pericarp colour in rice. The SNPs on chromosome 7 co-localized with the functionally characterized Os07g0211500 (Rc gene) known to control pericarp colour and Os07g0214900 which is similar to the Chalcone synthase 2(OsCHS2) gene involved in flavonoid synthesis pathway. Linkage disequilibrium analysis across 0.25 Mbp upstream and downstream of these markers suggested three strong linkage blocks on chromosome 7. More interestingly, the novel locus identified on chromosome 5 gPC5-1 does not harbor any homolog of previously reported genes. Therefore, the locus can serve as a basis for identifying a new gene for rice pericarp colour. The results presented here will be helpful to understand the genetic regulation of pericarp colour and for genomic-assisted breeding in rice.","PeriodicalId":13321,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49316477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}