Indian journal of forensic and community medicine最新文献

{"title":"Internet usage among young population and its relation with anxiety, depression, stress and self-esteem","authors":"L. Salunkhe, M. Shete, Rahul Dhananjay Salunkhe, Nihal Mali, Vidya Dinkar Shete","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.012","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive use of internet brings change in mood, associate inability to regulate the amount of time spent with the Internet, withdrawal symptoms once not engaged, a affecting social life and adverse work or academic consequences which suggests symptoms related to depression, anxiety and stress and along with that it also affects self-esteem of the students. Aim of this study is to identify association of internet addiction with anxiety, depression, stress and self-esteem. A cross-sectional study of 200 students, resident of urban and rural population in the locality of Sangli district Maharashtra India were selected by simple random sampling having an access to the internet. The association of Young’s Internet addiction scale was used along with DASS-21, Rosenberg self-esteem scale for comparison in both urban and rural population. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in both urban and rural area is 56%, 82% and 84% respectively. After we compared the internet addiction with psychological variables, we have found that 83.33% students in rural area exhibit signs of depression. Apart from that, 91% and 89% students from urban and rural area respectively have self-esteem within normal range.Internet usage has a robust impact on young population. Multi-sectoral approach plays an important role to promote healthy use of internet among urban and rural youth population.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88157078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide note- A vital clue in forming opinion to cause of death","authors":"M. Sharma, V. Chandra, M. Sahu","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.018","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide, is one of the most painful way of death and even more so painful for the near and dear ones. Suicide note if recovered is heart breaking, as it becomes the last and one way communication from the deceased to his family/ friends. In almost 95% of cases it is written in own handwriting and consisting of 10-15 sentences or small paragraph. While there have been studies related to this and was observed that number of words usually doesn’t make a difference between complete and half attempt suicide. To understand a suicide note, Relevance theory was proposed which is based on a principle that \"every utterance conveys the information that it is relevant enough for it to be worth the addressee's effort to process it\". The note which was recovered from the deceased`s pocket and whereby mentioning that “life had become painful and stuck in a situation from where he couldn’t get out”, clearly conveys about the stress and problems in his life, though did not mention clearly or any specifics. A study conducted in USA regarding the words used in suicide notes and observed that words referencing to inclusive space like “with” or “include” are not usually used which is similar to our case and it signifies isolation or lack of belongingness.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87453238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA in forensic odontology: An overview","authors":"M. Hussain, Rubeena Anjum, Mandeep Kaur, Shugufta Shafi","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"Human remains are tremendously damaged and degraded in forensic cases and the identification becomes very difficult, in those cases teeth and bones are often the only reliable sources of DNA for identification. Advances in DNA extraction techniques and short-amplicon DNA typing have greatly increased our potential to identify human remains which were previously considered to be too compromised for genetic analysis. As the teeth are largely protected within the jawbones and remains protected from the environmental conditions and prevent these tissues from postmortem decomposition and DNA decay. DNA profile tests which are performed nowadays are totally reliable and give details about an individual’s physical characteristics, ethnicity, place of origin and sex. These tests are also accepted as legal proofs in courts. These tests are: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Typing, STRs Typing, Mitochondrial DNA Analysis, Y-Chromosome Analysis, X-Chromosome STR, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. The aim of this review is to provide a better understanding and knowledge about the latest techniques in DNA for human identification in the field of forensic odontology.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81830980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitude, perceptions and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine and their associated factors among general population of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India","authors":"MD Abu Bashar, Imran Ahmed Khan, Harish Chandra Tiwari","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.001","url":null,"abstract":"Several vaccines have been developed and tested against COVID-19 around the globe. Vaccine hesitancy and misinformation poses major challenges to the achievement of coverage and population immunity. Understanding key determinants that influence the preferences and demands of a COVID-19 vaccine by the community may help to develop strategies for improving coverage. To assess willingness for the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and identify the factors associated with it. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among unvaccinated general population of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India adopting an exponential, non-discriminative snowball sampling technique. A bilingual, self-administered anonymous structured questionnaire in google form was designed and sent to the study participants through social media platforms. Data collected were extracted in excel sheets and analyzed using SPSS software, version 21.0. Bivariate analysis was performed to identify the key determinants for vaccine acceptance among the participants.Out of 254 participants completing the questionnaire, 219 (86.2%) showed willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, whereas 10 (4.0%) admitted hesitancy and 25 (9.8%) were not sure. Younger age-group (18-44 years), female gender, absence of any co-morbidity, lower education level, current employment status, positive history of confirmed COVID-19 infection in the person and positive history of confirmed COVID-19 infection in any family member/friend were the factors found to be significantly associated with the willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. During the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India, high acceptance for COVID-19 vaccination was found among the general population of Uttar Pradesh, whereas concerns about vaccine safety may hinder the actual vaccine uptake. (1). Mass vaccination against COVID-19 is one of the effective way of controlling the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 (2). There is a variable acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in different populations and sub-groups across the globe (3). Vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines can disrupt the efforts for containment of the pandemic. (1) Acceptance for COVID-19 vaccines among the general population of a North Indian state is seemingly high; (2). However, concerns about vaccine safety may hinder the actual vaccine uptake; (3). Targeted health education interventions are needed to increase the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccines in this population.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"37 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86223060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study to determine the health profile of patients attending private clinic at chandkheda, Ahmedabad","authors":"Jaydeep J. Devaliya, Kavita Banker, Kamesh A Modi","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"Primary Health Care is the first contact between community and health system. Most of the ailments can be dealt with at this level. So if we know which health problems are more prevalent in community we can improve Primary Health Care. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at a private clinic at chandkheda, Ahmedabad to determine the prevalence of various common health ailments in the community. Study included 100 patients who presented to OPD during the study period. Their standard of living, level of education and their socio-economic status was also considered and all collected data was statistically analyzed. In this study, three most commonly observed disorders were respiratory tract infections (URTI) 17%, Cardiovascular disease 12%, and Gastrointestinal disease 12%. Majority of the diseases in this community can be totally controlled and prevented by taking hygienic measures and modifying their lifestyle, taking medical attention during first onset of symptoms, avoiding self medication, along with social, psychological and spiritual support by treating family physician with adequate information of prescribed medication, health education and follow up.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76809858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stab wound to the heart with cardiac tamponade — A case report","authors":"Pooja Gajmer","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"The rising incidences of violence nowadays have lead to increased cases of shootings and stabbings being reported. And among the stabbing cases, one of the frequently encountered are penetrating injuries to the heart, which is a highly lethal condition. If not treated promptly, more often than not results in death of the victim. In the scenario that the victim reaches the hospital, a number of factors come into consideration, which have a direct bearing on the outcome, for example, the physiologic state of the victim, involvement of other organs, location of injury, cardiac tamponade, etc. Among these presence of cardiac tamponade is a critical prognostic factor. Various studies have shown that a slow hemorrhage is much better tolerated as it can be gradually accommodated by the pericardium but any acute rise in intrapericardial pressure lead to a fatal effect in cardiac function and death. This scenario is discussed in the case being reported below.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78316644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbicide poisoning assocaited methhemoglobinemia as a cause of hypoxia — approach & emergency management — A case report","authors":"Sudhir Deshpande, Sagar Gupta, Yashawini Tupkary, Shivprasad Sankpal","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.008","url":null,"abstract":"Methhemoglobinemia — is a altered form of hemoglobin which is associated with impaired O2 transport to body tissues, precipitate by deliberate ingestion of herbicide (larvicide). We report a case with severe methhemoglobinemia due to ingestion of herbicide containing biological extracts & fillers marketed as safe. This is suspected when there is low O2 saturation and disparity between SpO2 level & PaO2 level, timely managed with Methylene Blue & Ascorbic acid as antidote.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76581609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumothorax — A rare cause of delayed death in hanging","authors":"A. Veeravijayan, R. Narendar","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Hanging is one of the commonest methods of committing suicide. In most cases of hanging, death occurs immediately, usually within 3 to 5 minutes and it is due to asphyxia, cerebral anoxia, vagal inhibition, venous congestion, or injury to the spinal cord. However, more number of cases have been reported in various literatures, in which death has occurred after a certain time period or the patients have been survived after initial resuscitative measures and later died after a prolonged period due to the complications such as aspiration, infections, HIE, etc., In this article, we present a case report of a 24-year old female in which she died three days after the incident due to one or more delayed complications including pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax (a rare finding).","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"440 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73595793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new variant of COVID-19: But is it less deadly?","authors":"Aanchal Anand, S. Hossain, Akashdeep Sharma, U. Shah","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.010","url":null,"abstract":"WHO designated the variant B.1.1.529 as a variant of concern on 26 November 2021 and since then there have been many speculations regarding its origin and control measures. It is not yet clear if the omicron variant is more transmissible compared to other variants.","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74046720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to medical education and its role in Covid19 pandemic associated anxiety among medical students in South Kerala","authors":"A. Karthika","doi":"10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijfcm.2022.002","url":null,"abstract":"Medical students have varying levels of understanding about Covid19 based on their level of exposure to medical education. This influences their mental health status. There is no clear cut idea about whether Covid19 related anxiety among medical students increases or decreases with increase in scientific knowledge. This study aims to find out the proportion of anxiety related to COVID19 among medical students in South Kerala and assess the role of medical education on anxiety. Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 medical students in South Kerala. Anxiety was assessed using Generalized Anxiety Disorder7 (GAD-7) scores. Univariate and Bivariate analysis were performed. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The median GAD-7 score obtained was three (IQR 5.75). GAD-7 score >10 were reported among 9.8% participants. Anxiety level was found to be significantly associated with the year of admission (p=0.021). Among those who were tested Covid19 positive, 11.9 % hadGAD7 score >10 and among those who faced Covid related stigma, 28.6% had GAD-7 score >10. Association between anxiety and stigma related to Covid19 was found to be statistically significant (p=0.017). Proportion of students with moderately severe or severe anxiety was more among preclinical students and among students who faced Covid19 related stigma. Better knowledge about preventive measures, symptoms, treatment, complications and prognosis of Covid19 can lessen pandemic induced anxiety. Government initiated programs are required to counter the rising levels of stigmatizing attitudes associated with Covid19","PeriodicalId":13276,"journal":{"name":"Indian journal of forensic and community medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83206016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}