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A Non-raster Scanning Approach in Atomic Force Microscopy Using a Combined Contour Prediction Algorithm 结合轮廓预测算法的原子力显微镜非光栅扫描方法
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-09-24 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01683
Kaiqiang Zhang, G. Herrmann, C. Edwards, S. Burgess, M. Miles
{"title":"A Non-raster Scanning Approach in Atomic Force Microscopy Using a Combined Contour Prediction Algorithm","authors":"Kaiqiang Zhang, G. Herrmann, C. Edwards, S. Burgess, M. Miles","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01683","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we present a novel non-raster scanning algorithm for high-speed imaging in Atomic Force Microscopy. In contrast to recent non-raster scanning algorithms for string-like samples, the proposed algorithm is developed for cells and other simple specimen samples. This algorithm collects data in the vicinity of the specimen to create sample contours at different heights to build the 3D topography of the target sample. During the scan process, the tip is steered based on a prediction of the contour curvature and contour tangent. The proposed scanning trajectory follows the contour of the sample and avoids crossing the specimen, while minimizing the possible excitation of resonances of the cantilever. For the prediction of the curvature and tangent of the contour, the current partially obtained contour and a previous contour scan are used: a prediction from both contours is suitably combined by a weighting algorithm derived from a reliability evaluation of both predictions. This permits the creation of topographical images of specific interest at a reduced scanning time in comparison to some prevalent non-raster scan algorithms and raster scans. Simulation results are provided.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"1 1","pages":"5908-5913"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83077240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Learning Chronicles Signing Multiple Scenario Instances 学习编年史签名多场景实例
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-09-08 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02579
A. Subias, L. Travé-Massuyès, Euriell Le Corronc
{"title":"Learning Chronicles Signing Multiple Scenario Instances","authors":"A. Subias, L. Travé-Massuyès, Euriell Le Corronc","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02579","url":null,"abstract":"Chronicle recognition is an efficient and robust method for fault diagnosis. The knowledge about the underlying system is gathered in a set of chronicles, then the occurrence of a fault is diagnosed by analyzing the flow of observations and matching this flow with a set of available chronicles. The chronicle approach is very efficient as it relies on the direct association of the symptom, which is in this case a complex temporal pattern, to a situation. Another advantage comes from the efficiency of recognition engines which make chronicles suitable for one-line operation. However, there is a real bottleneck for obtaining the chronicles. In this paper, we consider the problem of learning the chronicles. Because a given situation often results in several admissible event sequences, our contribution targets an extension to multiple event sequences of a chronicle discovery algorithm tailored for one single event sequence. The concepts and algorithms are illustrated with representative and easy to understand examples.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"197 2","pages":"10397-10402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91415992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Formation Control of Wheeled Robots in the Port-Hamiltonian Framework port - hamilton框架下轮式机器人的编队控制
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-30 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00394
E. Vos, J. Scherpen, A. Schaft, A. Postma
{"title":"Formation Control of Wheeled Robots in the Port-Hamiltonian Framework","authors":"E. Vos, J. Scherpen, A. Schaft, A. Postma","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00394","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper proposes a new control strategy for the formation control of a network of wheeled robots. Starting from the rigid body dynamics, a dynamical model of the wheeled robot is derived in the port-Hamiltonian framework. The formation control objective is achieved by interconnecting the robots using virtual couplings, which give a clear physical interpretation of the proposed solution. Simulation and experimental results are given, to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"15 1","pages":"6662-6667"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84858144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Optimization of Controller Parameters for Energy Saving 面向节能的控制器参数优化
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-29 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02361
Yongling Wu, Kang Li, Ning Li, Shaoyuan Li, Lin Wang
{"title":"Optimization of Controller Parameters for Energy Saving","authors":"Yongling Wu, Kang Li, Ning Li, Shaoyuan Li, Lin Wang","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02361","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Among various technologies to tackle the twin challenges of sustainable energy supply and climate change, energy saving through advanced control plays a crucial role in decarbonizing the whole energy system. Modern control technologies, such as optimal control and model predictive control do provide a framework to simultaneously regulate the system performance and limit control energy. However, few have been done so far to exploit the full potential of controller design in reducing the energy consumption while maintaining desirable system performance. This paper investigates the correlations between control energy consumption and system performance using two popular control approaches widely used in the industry, namely the PI control and subspace model predictive control. Our investigation shows that the controller design is a delicate synthesis procedure in achieving better trade-off between system performance and energy saving, and proper choice of values for the control parameters may potentially save a significant amount of energy.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"67 1","pages":"10281-10286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85245033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Aggregation and Control of Supermarket Refrigeration Systems in a Smart Grid 智能电网中超市制冷系统的聚合与控制
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-26 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00268
Rasmus Pedersen, John Schwensen, B. Biegel, J. Stoustrup, T. Green
{"title":"Aggregation and Control of Supermarket Refrigeration Systems in a Smart Grid","authors":"Rasmus Pedersen, John Schwensen, B. Biegel, J. Stoustrup, T. Green","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00268","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, control strategies for aggregation of a portfolio of supermarkets towards the electricity balancing market, is investigated. The supermarkets are able to shift the power consumption in time by pre-cooling the contained foodstuff. It is shown how the flexibility of an individual supermarket can be modeled and how this model can be used by an aggregator to manage the portfolio to deliver upward and downward regulation. Two control strategies for managing the portfolio to follow a power reference are presented and compared. The first strategy is a non-convex predictive control strategy while the second strategy consists of a PI controller and a dispatch algorithm. The predictive controller has a high performance but is computationally heavy. In contrast the PI/dispatch strategy has lower performance, but requires little computational effort and scales well with the number of supermarkets. Two simulations are conducted based on high-fidelity supermarket models: a small-scale simulation with 20 supermarkets where the performance of the two strategies are compared and a large-scale simulation with 400 supermarkets which only the PI/dispatch controller is able to handle. The large-scale simulation shows how a portfolio of 400 supermarkets successfully can be used for upward regulation of 900 kW for a two hour period.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"125 1","pages":"9942-9949"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76963143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Moving horizon least-squares input estimation for linear discrete-time 线性离散时间的移动视界最小二乘输入估计
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-24 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01159
S. Systems, Yiming Wan, T. Keviczky, M. Verhaegen
{"title":"Moving horizon least-squares input estimation for linear discrete-time","authors":"S. Systems, Yiming Wan, T. Keviczky, M. Verhaegen","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01159","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents a novel moving horizon least-squares input estimation method for linear discrete-time stochastic systems. For systems with completely unknown initial state and no unstable zeros, some existing work showed that asymptotic input reconstruction is possible in the absence of noises. However, under the same condition but with stochastic noises, most existing input estimators, which are designed to optimally deal with noises, fail to ensure asymptotic unbiasedness. In order to address this limitation for linear discrete-time stochastic systems, we characterize necessary and sufficient conditions for input observability and detectability, and propose a moving horizon least-squares input estimator. Based on the conditions for input observability and detectability, it is proved that our proposed input estimator gives an asymptotically unbiased estimate and has minimal estimation error variance over all linear asymptotically unbiased input estimators. Its effectiveness is illustrated by simulation examples involving aircraft sensor and actuator faults.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"3 1","pages":"3483-3488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74968430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Closed-loop Actuator-fault Detection and Isolation using Invariant Sets and Tubes 基于不变量集和管的闭环执行器故障检测与隔离
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-24 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01653
Feng Xu, V. Puig, C. Ocampo‐Martinez, F. Stoican, Sorin Olaru
{"title":"Closed-loop Actuator-fault Detection and Isolation using Invariant Sets and Tubes","authors":"Feng Xu, V. Puig, C. Ocampo‐Martinez, F. Stoican, Sorin Olaru","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.01653","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper proposes a new actuator-fault detection and isolation (FDI) strategy for closed-loop discrete time-invariant systems by using invariant sets and tubes. In this approach, invariant sets are used for fault detection (FD) and the establishment of FDI conditions, while the tubes are generated for fault isolation (FI) at transient state. Comparing with the existing set-theoretic FDI techniques, the advantage of this approach consists in that it exhibits a balance between the conservativeness of FDI conditions, the fast FI response and the computational complexity. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is illustrated by a numerical example.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"29 1","pages":"8030-8035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83251692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Aggregation and Control of Flexible Consumers: A Real Life Demonstration 柔性消费者的聚集与控制:一个真实的实例
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-24 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00718
B. Biegel, P. Andersen, J. Stoustrup, M. Madsen, L. H. Hansen, L. Rasmussen
{"title":"Aggregation and Control of Flexible Consumers: A Real Life Demonstration","authors":"B. Biegel, P. Andersen, J. Stoustrup, M. Madsen, L. H. Hansen, L. Rasmussen","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00718","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, we present an architecture for aggregation and control of a portfolio of flexible consumers. The architecture makes it possible to control the aggregated consumption of the portfolio to follow a power reference while honoring local consumer constraints. Hereby, an aggregator is able to utilize a portfolio of consumers as a virtual power plant to deliver services in the electricity markets. The architecture is implemented and demonstrated in a field test on a portfolio consisting of 54 heat pumps each located in an inhabited household. In this demonstration, a power reference varying between 15 kW and 35 kW is followed over a 7 day period. The field test showed satisfactory performance in terms of following the power reference and assuring comfort for the inhabitants. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first real life demonstration where a power reference is followed based on the aggregated consumption of a larger number of devices – and consequently a significant step towards the smart grid vision.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"46 7","pages":"9950-9955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91453724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
Control of a Multi-Stage Continuous Fermentor for the study of the wine fermentation 用于葡萄酒发酵研究的多级连续发酵罐控制
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-24 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00627
C. Casenave, D. Dochain, J. Harmand, Marc Perez, Alain Rapaport, J. Sablayrolles
{"title":"Control of a Multi-Stage Continuous Fermentor for the study of the wine fermentation","authors":"C. Casenave, D. Dochain, J. Harmand, Marc Perez, Alain Rapaport, J. Sablayrolles","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.00627","url":null,"abstract":"Yeasts play a central role in the wine making process. To study the yeasts in a stable environment and physiological state, a Multi-Stage Continuous Fermentor (MSCF) has been designed that mimics steps of the batch fermentation process. In this paper, the problem of the control of the sugar concentrations in each of the four reactors of the MSCF is considered. The cascade structure of the device leads to a constraint on the input flow rates (the control variables). A control strategy based on a linearizing control law coupled with a state observer and an anti windup component is proposed and finally implemented on the experimental process.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"2 1","pages":"6192-6197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81121069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Diagnosis of Labeled Time Petri Nets Using Time Interval Splitting 基于时间间隔分裂的标记时间Petri网诊断
IFAC Proceedings Volumes Pub Date : 2014-08-24 DOI: 10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02336
Baisi Liu, M. Ghazel, A. Toguyéni
{"title":"Diagnosis of Labeled Time Petri Nets Using Time Interval Splitting","authors":"Baisi Liu, M. Ghazel, A. Toguyéni","doi":"10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-ZA-1003.02336","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper deals with fault diagnosis of timed discrete event systems (TDESs), using a nondeterministic model named labeled time Petri net (LTPN). Thanks to a skillful splitting of time intervals assigned to the LTPN transitions, analyzing diagnosability in such a timed context can be performed using techniques from the untimed context. Moreover, a deterministic structure called augmented state class set graph (ASG) is built on the fly, for both analyzing (Δ-)diagnosability and deriving an online diagnoser.","PeriodicalId":13260,"journal":{"name":"IFAC Proceedings Volumes","volume":"19 1","pages":"1784-1789"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80042169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
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