IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Unobtrusive Sleep Health Assessment Using Impulse Radar: A Pilot Study in Older People.","authors":"Maowen Yin, Charalambos Hadjipanayi, Kiran K G Ravindran, Alan Bannon, Adrien Rapeaux, Ciro Della Monica, Tor Sverre Lande, Derk-Jan Dijk, Timothy Constandinou","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3548780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3548780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Ultra-wideband (UWB) radar technology has emerged as a promising alternative for creating portable and cost-effective in-home monitoring devices. Although there exists good evidence supporting its effectiveness in sleep monitoring, previous studies predominantly focus on younger, healthy participants. This research evaluates the applicability of commercial impulse UWB radar for sleep monitoring in older people and people with neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>47 older people (mean age: 71.2 6.5, 18 with prodromal or mild Alzheimer's disease) participated in our overnight sleep trial with polysomnography (PSG) and UWB radar monitoring. Data processing based on multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) was employed to reconstruct cardiopulmonary activity and limb movements from radar signals. 29 features were extracted from the radar signals, and sleep stages were classified using a sequence-to-sequence neural network. Additionally, a cross-entropy-based approach was used to quantify uncertainties in the radar classification model and provide confidence in the classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The UWB radar system demonstrated high accuracy in detecting body movements, reconstructing respiratory patterns, and monitoring heart rate. For sleep stage classification, the results showed a Kappa coefficient of 0.63 and an average accuracy of 74.4% across wake, REM sleep, light sleep (N1 + N2), and deep sleep (N3) categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed method reliably monitors physiological changes during sleep, which suggests its potential as a cost-effective alternative to traditional sleep monitoring devices.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The findings underscore the viability of UWB radar as a nonintrusive, forward-looking sleep assessment tool that could significantly benefit care for older people and people with neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic Tweezers for Microscopy of Living Organisms.","authors":"K Sadeghian Esfahani, B Neff, A Roy, M Barekatain, E S Kim","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3548557","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3548557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Studying zebrafish embryos' growth through imaging them in their natural growth environment may reveal what has not been possible through the current imaging technique which uses mechanically-confining and nutrient-limiting gel, like agarose. This paper presents, for the first time, the imaging of live zebrafish embryos in their natural environment over 20 hours through acoustic tweezers capable of contactless trapping and precise manipulation via trapping without standing waves. The tweezers is shown to trap and hold a zebrafish embryo in its growth medium from 17 hours post fertilization (hpf) to 37 hpf under a Light-Sheet microscope for imaging. The continuous trapping and imaging reveal organ development, such as the tail, eyes, ears, and pigmentation. The method is safe, as evidenced by natural development, heartbeats, and tail movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mmWave Radar for Sit-to-Stand Analysis: A Comparative Study with Wearables and Kinect.","authors":"Shuting Hu, Peggy Ackun, Xiang Zhang, Siyang Cao, Jennifer Barton Barton, Melvin G Hector, Mindy J Fain, Nima Toosizadeh","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3548092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3548092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates a novel approach for analyzing Sit-to-Stand (STS) movements using millimeterwave (mmWave) radar technology, aiming to develop a noncontact, privacy-preserving, and all-day operational solution for healthcare applications. A 60GHz mmWave radar system was employed to collect radar point cloud data from 45 participants performing STS motions. Using a deep learning-based pose estimation model and Inverse Kinematics (IK), we calculated joint angles, segmented STS motions, and extracted clinically relevant features for fall risk assessment. The extracted features were compared with those obtained from Kinect and wearable sensors. While Kinect provided a reference for motion capture, we acknowledge its limitations compared to the gold-standard VICON system, which is planned for future validation. The results demonstrated that mmWave radar effectively captures general motion patterns and large joint movements (e.g., trunk), though challenges remain for more finegrained motion analysis. This study highlights the unique advantages and limitations of mmWave radar and other sensors, emphasizing the potential of integrated sensor technologies to enhance the accuracy and reliability of motion analysis in clinical and biomedical research. Future work will expand the scope to more complex movements and incorporate high-precision motion capture systems to further validate the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Saturation Compensation for High Dynamic Range Multispectral Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging.","authors":"Hyeong Soo Nam, Dong Oh Kang, Jeongmoo Han, Jin Won Kim, Hongki Yoo","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3548297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3548297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In multispectral fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm), achieving consistent imaging quality across all spectral channels is crucial for accurately identifying a wide range of fluorophores. However, these essential measurements are frequently compromised by saturation artifacts due to the inherently limited dynamic range of detection systems. To address this issue, we present SatCompFLImNet, a deep learning-based network specifically designed to correct saturation artifacts in multispectral FLIm, facilitating high dynamic range applications. Leveraging generative adversarial networks, SatCompFLImNet effectively compensates for saturated fluorescence signals, ensuring accurate lifetime measurements across various levels of saturation. Extensively validated with simulated and real-world data, SatCompFLImNet demonstrates remarkable capability in correcting saturation artifacts, improving signal-to-noise ratios, and maintaining fidelity of lifetime measurements. By enabling reliable fluorescence lifetime measurements under a variety of saturation conditions, SatCompFLImNet paves the way for improved diagnostic tools and a deeper understanding of biological processes, making it a pivotal advancement for research and clinical diagnostics in tissue characterization and disease pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Receive-only Frequency Translation System with Automatic Phase Correction for Simultaneous Multi-nuclear MRI/MRS.","authors":"Jue Hou, Courtney Bauer, Mary P McDougall, Steven M Wright","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3548522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3548522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Receive-only frequency translation enables MRI scanners with X-nuclear capabilities to perform simultaneous/interleaved multi-nuclear experiments. Mixing only on the receive side avoids modifying the transmit path, which often has narrow-band components. However, phase incoherence is introduced at the radio frequency mixer due to differing local oscillator frequencies between transmit and receive, necessitating phase correction. This paper presents a hardware solution for automatic phase correction during scans, eliminating the need for retrospective correction and allowing flexible scan parameter adjustments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The hardware solution detects phase changes in the system LO (local oscillator) between transmit and receive, calculates, and applies phase correction in the translator LO in real time. Programming spare TTL signals and accessing the scanner system LO are required to implement the phase correction method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phase correction accuracy was evaluated via averaged 31P spectroscopy and 23Na imaging. On top of the noise introduced by the additional mixer, the imperfect phase correction resulted in approximately 3% SNR loss at both frequencies. The corrected 23Na signal exhibited approximately an 8-degree phase standard deviation, compared to 6 degrees in the reference signal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed hardware solution effectively corrects phase incoherence introduced by receive-only frequency translation. While minor imperfection exists, future upgrades are expected to improve the phase correction accuracy.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>This approach eliminates the need for retrospective phase correction when using receive-only frequency translation techniques for multi-nuclear acquisition, enabling real-time data acquisition and greater flexibility in scan parameter adjustment for simultaneous/interleaved multi-nuclear experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical Modeling of Capacitive Electro-Quasistatic Human Body Powering.","authors":"Lingke Ding, Arunashish Datta, Shreyas Sen","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3547738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3547738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for wearables necessitates efficient energy harvesting and wireless power transfer solutions. Capacitive Electro-Quasistatic Human Body Powering (EQS-HBP) is a promising technology for wirelessly powering on-body devices, offering enhanced received power () with full-body coverage. Unlike EQS Human Body Communication (EQS-HBC), which optimizes channel capacity, EQS-HBP focuses on maximizing , requiring a distinct biophysical model tailored to lower termination impedance ranges where peaks. This paper presents comprehensive simulations-finite element method (FEM), distributed circuit modeling-and in-vivo experiments to characterize the body channel as a finite impedance wire, with impedance determined by body dimensions. Contact impedance between the body and receiver, inversely related to contact area, significantly affects , necessitating careful design for devices with small contact areas. Furthermore, the body cross-sectional area influences voltage recovery after the point of load, with smaller cross-sections yielding reduced recovery. A lumped circuit model is developed to encapsulate these findings with circuit techniques to maximize , demonstrating that series resonance in a ground-floated receiver reduces input impedance by over 65x and improves by more than 25x over parallel resonance. We also propose a method to approximate optimal loading impedance for various receiver configurations and analyze the impact of inductor Q factor. We prove that neither series nor parallel resonance can mitigate the transmitter return path capacitance. These insights enable the development of a much higher on-body wireless power transfer method, advancing wearable device technology for applications in healthcare, fitness, and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Complex Open Domain Electrical Impedance Tomography Methods.","authors":"Allaire F Doussan, Ethan K Murphy, Sophie A Lloyd, Ryan J Halter","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3547239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3547239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluates the potential of complex 3D Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) for intraoperative surgical margin assessment (SMA) using an ex vivo bovine model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A custom electrode array was used to collect impedance data across multiple frequencies (100 Hz - 1 MHz) from 57 tissue samples. An optimal pressure range was identified to ensure proper electrode contact with minimal tissue deformation (2 kPa to 5 kPa) and a saline calibration was used to minimize model-data mismatch. A novel best fit factor, β, was introduced to scale the reference data of difference EIT and initial guess for absolute EIT to eliminate inversions in permittivity. The accuracy of complex EIT reconstructions were investigated using pixel-based tissue classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experimental difference EIT, particularly for conductivity (s) at 100 Hz, achieved high sensitivity (0.92) and specificity (0.90) with fast reconstruction speeds of 1.67 seconds. While absolute EIT performed slightly better in quantitative metrics for s imaging (AUC = 0.90, Accuracy = 0.86), difference EIT was found to be more suitable for real-time applications due to its faster processing time. Simulations suggested that permittivity (ϵ) has sufficient contrast for classifying muscle and adipose tissue. However, experimental ϵ reconstructions exhibited lower performance, suggesting the need for hardware improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Difference EIT is the most promising method for real-time applications, balancing high accuracy with reconstruction speeds. Absolute EIT, while slightly more accurate, is less feasible due to longer processing times (150.6 seconds).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>This study advances the potential for real-time intraoperative SMA using a novel complex EIT reconstruction method.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Bipolar Microsecond Electric Pulses for DNA Vaccine Delivery.","authors":"Robert H Williamson, Matthew R DeWitt, Driss Elhanafi, David A Zaharoff, Michael B Sano","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3547311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3547311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Bipolar microsecond and submicrosecond pulsed electric fields have several advantages over longer duration monopolar pulses including significant reductions in muscle stimulation and perceived pain enabling their use in several novel clinical applications. In this study, treatment parameters were optimized to enhance DNA uptake in a 3D tissue model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>3D tissue models were subjected to microsecond pulsed electric field treatments with various waveforms, doses, and delivery rates. Small molecule uptake and viability were evaluated in search of optimal outcomes. Computational models were then used to derive reversible and lethal thresholds for each treatment group. DNA transfection was then evaluated for a subset of optimal parameters and compared to traditional electroporation protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 2-1-2 waveform with a 1ms dose delivered at a rate of 100μs/s resulted in the highest number of transfected cells yielding a 7730% increase over traditional monopolar pulse protocols.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bipolar microsecond pulses offer substantial promise for DNA delivery via reversible electroporation.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Several gene-related therapeutics such as DNA vaccines are currently hindered by poor cellular uptake This crucial barrier to a new generation of such therapies can be overcome by improving DNA delivery as demonstrated in this work.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Advanced Self-similarity Measure: Average of Level-Pairwise Hurst Exponent Estimates (ALPHEE).","authors":"Dixon Vimalajeewa, Raymond J Hinton, Fabrizio Ruggeri, Brani Vidakovic","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3547253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3547253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many natural processes are characterized by complex patterns of self-similarity, where repetitive structures occur across different resolutions. The Hurst exponent is a key parameter used to quantify this self-similarity. While wavelet-based techniques are effective in estimating the Hurst exponent, their performance can be compromised by noise, outliers, and modeling assumptions. This study makes a dual contribution by introducing a novel method for estimating the Hurst exponent under standard modeling assumptions and applying this method to a significant study on gait data. The novel method leverages wavelet transforms (WT) to refine the traditional assessment of self-similarity, which typically depends on the regular decay of signal energies at various resolutions. Our method integrates the standard fractional Brownian motion (fBm) model with exact probability distributions of wavelet coefficients, combining estimates of the Hurst exponent from pairs of wavelet decomposition levels into a single estimate, named ALPHEE, that offers a more precise measure of self-similarity. The study investigates the use of self-similarity features in machine learning algorithms for identifying elderly adults who have had unintentional falls. By analyzing linear acceleration (LA) and angular velocity (AV) in 147 subjects (79 fallers, 68 non-fallers), the study finds higher regularity in LA and AV for fallers. The performance of classification models is compared with and without self-similarity features, suggesting these features enhance the detection of fallers versus non-fallers. The results show that integrating self-similarity features significantly improves performance, with the proposed method achieving 89.65% accuracy, compared to 82.75% using the standard method. This improvement surpasses existing studies based on the same dataset, suggesting that the proposed method more accurately captures self-similar properties, leading to better performance in gait data analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust Photoacoustic Eigen Waveform Analysis for Characterization of Cancellous Bone.","authors":"Ting Feng, Caicai Huang, Chenyin Ni, Yejing Xie, Yihan Zhu, Chengcheng Liu, Qian Cheng, Dean Ta","doi":"10.1109/TBME.2025.3544876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2025.3544876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Noninvasive photoacoustic (PA) imaging techniques afford abundant microstructure information for the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of diseases. However, their use for bone tissue imaging is challenging owing to the high scattering and attenuation properties of bone tissue. The PA signal waveforms inherently contain optical and ultrasonic properties related to bone health. This study entailed the development of a robust, compensation-free PA eigen waveform analysis (PEWA) method for characterizing high-scattering cancellous bone in transmission mode.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Numerical simulations and experimental studies were conducted on cancellous bone models with various bone mineral densities (BMDs), optical, and ultrasonic properties. The resulting PA signals were analyzed using PEWA method, facilitating the quantification of parameters related to bone conditions, such as the exponential growth coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The simulation results indicate that bone specimens with lower BMDs have lower exponential growth coefficients. Furthermore, we found that the exponential growth coefficient has better robustness and stability than conventional amplitude-based parameter. The experimental findings from animal cancellous bone tissues ex vivo with different BMDs were in close agreement with the simulation results, thus demonstrating that the PEWA method can perform BMD assessments for cancellous bone.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Considering that PA measurements are nonionizing and noninvasive and have sufficient penetration in both nonorganic (bone matrix) and organic tissues (bone marrow), the proposed compensation-free, PEWA bone evaluation method has the potential to facilitate early and rapid clinical assessment of osteoporosis. The proposed approach has considerable applicability in the domains of miniaturization equipment intelligent evaluation of bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13245,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"PP ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}