{"title":"On Socialism and Popular Participation in Cuba","authors":"Olga Fernández Ríos","doi":"10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.100","url":null,"abstract":"Several aspects of the development of the Cuban socialist transition are analyzed with a focus on popular participation and control as the capacity and activity of the great majorities to act on the power relations and, at different levels, shape up the social, economic, political, and cultural development of the nation. Evaluating in depth the state of popular participation in the current context — characterized by the process of updating the socialist development model — requires attention to the historical background. At once, the challenges faced and the conditions required for strengthening the political power of the grassroots and ensuring the continuity of the Cuban Revolution are to be pondered.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139457567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cuba's Socialism: Certainties and Crossroads","authors":"Frank Josué Solar Cabrales","doi":"10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The Cuban Revolution is passing through one of the most complex moments of its history. After more than a decade of profound economic, political, and social reforms, the Cuban socialist project faces enormous challenges, amid difficulties arising from intensified imperialist harassment, the sequels of the pandemic, the global crisis, and internal bureaucratic errors. Cuba's economic and social development model stands at several crossroads. The Caribbean island must deepen its socialism along revolutionary lines and with greater worker and popular control.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"30 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Cuban Economy in the Last Decade: Balance and Outlook","authors":"José Luis Rodríguez","doi":"10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the Cuban economy has faced formidable difficulties. A host of external and internal adversities have imposed an enormous human cost on our nation and prevented the timely implementation of the program to update the social and economic model outlined in 2011 at the 6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba, validated through intense debate across Cuban society, turned into a law of the State and a political program at the 7th Congress of the Party in 2016, incorporated into the Constitution in 2019, and amended in 2021. A balance of the evolution of the Cuban economy during the last decade is required to properly reaffirm the historical potential — opportunities, obstacles, and requisite economic and social policy adjustments — for Cuban revolutionary socialism to persist through the juncture and advance to higher stages of development.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139455501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Michael Lebowitz's Fundamental Ideas on Building Socialism","authors":"Al Campbell","doi":"10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139456935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Labor Relations in Reform-Era Cuba","authors":"Camila Piñeiro Harnecker","doi":"10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.49","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the model-updating reform started in 2011, there has been a significant shift in Cuba's labor relations. Although the share of state jobs in the labor force — in public institutions and enterprises — is the largest, non-state jobs dominate if enterprises alone are considered. In the non-state sector, self- and family employment predominate, but new private enterprises are growing fast while cooperatives and their membership decrease. These changes in the employment structure have greatly impacted Cuban society, with growing inequalities in income, labor conditions, and rights, gender, skin color. The new preponderance of private wage relations has severe implications for Cuban socialism. To be consistent with the agreed-on documents guiding the reform and with the sacrifices made by generations of Cubans to build a post-capitalist society, the Cuban Revolution must build a new socialist hegemony inside workplaces and beyond. The non-state sector cannot be regulated and guided toward satisfying the needs and aspirations of the Cuban people only through norms, incentive policies, and administrative measures. A new hegemony of socialist relations is fundamental to secure a future for the Cuban Revolution.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Revolution","authors":"Luis Emilio Aybar Toledo","doi":"10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2024.88.1.79","url":null,"abstract":"The Cuban Revolution is construed as a discursive formation, searching in its evolution — and in its connection with an evolving revolutionary praxis — the causes of its weakening and/or survival. A balance is drawn at three crucial moments: crisis, resistance and creation. The mechanical identification of Revolution with State has impoverished the revolutionary discourse. The deeper meaning of the Revolution, in connection with a renewed praxis, needs full restoration. To overcome the imbalance or dissociation between the various dimensions of the Revolution, the effort must concentrate on transforming the current state of affairs through the intervention of popular forces, i.e., the inaugural factors of the Cuban Revolution itself.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"109 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Free Digital Labor as a New Form of Exploitation: A Critical Analysis","authors":"Carlo Vercellone, Antonio Di Stasio","doi":"10.1521/siso.2023.87.3.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2023.87.3.334","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of Free Digital Labor has emerged at the center of scientific debate with the advent of platform capitalism. This notion denotes the apparently free activity that users perform on digital platforms, producing, often unknowingly, data without any monetary remuneration. It is therefore particularly useful in signaling the progressive loss of a clear distinction between working time and leisure time. The paradigmatic example of the valorization of these activities is provided by Google and Facebook. Their accumulation system is based on a multi-sided market logic, in which the extraction of user data is combined with online advertising. Recent debate has raised several objections to the notion of Free Digital Labor. Our aim is to clarify the terms of the debate and to revive the relevance of the notion of Free Digital Labor through a historical and theoretical analysis of the transformations of the relationship between capital and labor.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121991564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Whose Labor? Labor, Appropriation, and the Very Idea of Full Automation","authors":"George Borg","doi":"10.1521/siso.2023.87.3.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/siso.2023.87.3.359","url":null,"abstract":"Is a “fully automated” capitalism possible? According to Marx's labor theory of value (LTV) and the theory of surplus-value derived from it, a fully automated economy cannot be profitable. To refute the theory, critics have put forth various thought experiments claiming to show that a fully automated but profitable capitalist economy is conceivable. I argue that the thought experiments fail to demonstrate conceivability, because they misunderstand the role of labor in a commodity economy. In the latter, labor is a means for acquiring the property of others, and so it cannot be eliminated so long as the economy is based on the commodity form. Quite apart from issues of technical feasibility, then, the idea of a fully automated commodity economy is conceptually incoherent. The ineliminability of labor under the commodity form reflects the limits to the socialization of production this form imposes.","PeriodicalId":132404,"journal":{"name":"Science & Society","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127565556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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