The Pan African Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and the global economic situation: a year on","authors":"Kwame Adjei-Mantey, Anthony Amoah, Benjamin Amoah, Rexford Kwaku Asiama","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.56.35920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.56.35920","url":null,"abstract":"A year after the World Health Organization´s declaration of the novel COVID-19 as a pandemic, the global macro-economic landscape has experienced severe shocks. As a result, developed and developing countries have been saddled with intense economic uncertainties. In this study, we discuss the global macro-economic environment during the pandemic declaration period and juxtapose it with the one-year post-pandemic declaration. The evidence shows significant negative impacts on macro-economic variables in the year of the declaration. However, signs of recovery are evident a year on, albeit slowly. To sustain and accelerate the recovery gains, we suggest that strategic macro-management policies are designed and strictly implemented. Anything short of this will see especially fragile countries plunged into an “economic abyss” with severe sociopolitical implications.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice towards hepatitis B virus among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional, hospital-based study in Montserrado County, Liberia","authors":"Bluefin Masell Freeman, Sampson Chea, Bode Ireti Shobayo","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.77.27949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.77.27949","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention is critical in safeguarding against the spread of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) regarding the disease play an important role in its prevention or spread, yet in this regard, data in Liberia remains scarce. Hence, determining the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) level of HCWs toward HBV infection becomes necessary. A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted among 251 HCWs at two major health facilities in Monrovia. KAP regarding HBV was assessed using a standardized structured questionnaire. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics for demographic characteristics, percentages for categorical variables, and mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables. Kruskal Wallis test, p < 0.05, was used to derive statistical inferences. Complete data from 248 respondents showed a mean age of 36.3 ± 8.9 years with most respondents were within 30-39 age range (45.82%). While poor knowledge was observed in responses to all categories of questions, correct response rates to questions range from 41.93 - 99.19% for transmission of HBV, to 98.79 - 100% for preventive measures of HBV. About 77.8% and 90.32% of study respondents strongly agreed that hepatitis B is a major public health threat and that following infection control guidelines will protect them from being infected with HBV at work respectively. More than half of the participants (60.08%) had a history of needle-stick injury (NSI), and washing the injury site with water and soap, sterilizing the wound, and checking whether the patient has a blood-borne disease was done by 48.79%, 53.62% and 27.01% of the respondents respectively. Findings from this study show that there is an inadequate level of KAP regarding HBV infection among the HCWs. It therefore is expedient to conduct regular awareness campaigns for HCWs on preventive measures against HBV infection in hospitals, in addition to workshops and in-service trainings on infection prevention and control (IPC) best practices.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135559756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Désarticulation scapulo-thoracique, conséquence d'un échec de traitement traditionnel chez une adolescente: à propos d'un cas","authors":"Wendlamita Toussaint, Somkièta Modeste Francis, Bernadette Béré, Saïd Nahl Oumar, Thombiano Koundia, Oliver Zampou, Ouédraogo Isso, Bandré Emile","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.49.41650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.49.41650","url":null,"abstract":"La désarticulation scapulo-thoracique pour une pathologie traumatique est exceptionnelle. La présentation de ce cas clinique vise à partager notre expérience à propos d'un cas de désarticulation scapulo-thoracique et situer l'intérêt d'une telle indication. Il s'est agi d'une patiente de 12 ans, de latéralité droite, scolarisée, qui a été hospitalisée pour traumatisme fermé du membre thoracique droit compliqué d'une infection après une semaine de traitement traditionnel (massage, bandage avec attelles en roseau). Le diagnostic de fracture du col chirurgical de l'humérus droit compliquée d'une gangrène humide de tout le membre et d'une anémie sévère, a été posé. Une transfusion sanguine, une triple antibiothérapie et une désarticulation scapulo-humérale ont été nécessaires. Une excision progressive de tissus nécrotiques puis une scapulectomie (à J24) pour nécrose scapulaire ont permis d'aseptiser le foyer et de réaliser une greffe cutanée (à J43). La patiente, sortie après 2 mois d'hospitalisation, avec un suivi conjoint en psychologie et en kinésithérapie, a présenté des suites opératoires simples sur un recul de 7 mois. L'échec du traitement traditionnel des fractures de membre peut mettre en jeu le pronostic vital et occasionner de graves séquelles.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135913581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of human tungiasis cases, Sheema District, Uganda, November 2021-February 2022","authors":"Sherry Rita Ahirirwe, Richard Migisha, Patience Mwine, Lilian Bulage, Benon Kwesiga, Daniel Kadobera, Alex Riolexus Ario","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.71.41277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.71.41277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La chirurgie laparoscopique de down staging pour cancer colorectal avec métastases hépatiques synchrones : quel intérêt dans les hépatectomies en deux temps? à propos d’une série de 6 cas","authors":"Zaki Boudiaf, Chafik Bouzid, Mohamed Rafik Ait-arab, Karim Cherchar, Mohand Kheloufi, Aissam Chibane, Ihsene Hatem Boutekedjiret, Zakia Hattou, Fatiha Gouaref, Kamel Bentabak","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.38.35775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.38.35775","url":null,"abstract":"Les métastases hépatiques bilobaires des cancers colorectaux posent un problème de prise en charge, la chirurgie curative nécessite souvent plusieurs temps. Le but de notre étude était d´évaluer l´approche laparoscopique avec ligature portale dans le premier temps des hépatectomies en deux temps pour les métastases hépatiques synchrones des cancers colorectaux (MHSCCR). Il s´agissait d´une étude rétrospective monocentrique d´août 2016 à janvier 2020 qui avait inclus les patients présentant des MHSCCR nécessitant une chirurgie curative en deux temps à cause d´une insuffisance du volume du futur foie restant (FFR). L´objectif principal était d´évaluer la morbi-mortalité postopératoire du premier temps laparoscopique à 30 jours. Les objectifs secondaires étaient d´évaluer le taux de conversion, l´hypertrophie du FFR après ligature portale laparoscopique, la morbi-mortalité postopératoire du 2e temps hépatique et enfin d´évaluer le taux d´achèvement de la stratégie thérapeutique. Nous avons inclus six patients (4 hommes et 2 femmes), l´âge moyen était de 64 (44-72) ans, le premier temps opératoire avait consisté en une résection colique laparoscopique associée à une ligature portale droite chez 5 patients et gauche chez un patient. La morbi-mortalité postopératoire était nulle. Le taux de conversion était nul. Après ligature portale, 5 sur les 6 patients avaient hypertrophié le FFR de façon significative, le gain moyen de volume du FFR était de 59,48% (31,02%-68,71%). Deux patients parmi les six avaient présenté une morbidité sévère après le deuxième temps hépatique (Clavien IIIb). La stratégie thérapeutique a été achevée chez tous les malades.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"147 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135799618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life of patients one year after breast conserving surgery versus modified radical mastectomy for early breast cancer: a Kenya tertiary hospital five-year review","authors":"Senoga Andrew, Ronald Wasike, Sitna Ali Mwanzi, Miriam Mutebi","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.69.39151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.69.39151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast conserving surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy (BCT) and Modified radical mastectomy (MRM) are the most common surgical techniques utilized in treatment of early breast cancer (EBC) with similar overall survival and recurrence rates. Western literature suggests that these treatments impact the quality of life (QOL) of patients variably. There are no comparison studies on these treatments as per patient’s QOL in East Africa. The objectives were to compare the QOL of patients with EBC at least one year after BCT or MRM and assess the factors that affect this QOL.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135159548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of cessation of exclusive breastfeeding according to the Cox regression model: survey of mothers of children aged 6-12 months, Thiès, Senegal","authors":"Mouhamadou Faly Ba, Oumar Bassoum, Maty Diagne Camara, Adama Faye","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.12.39603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.12.39603","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction even though exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for up to six months is recognised as essential infant care, it is still insufficiently practiced. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of EBF cessation in Thiès. Methods this was a survival analysis of data collected using a cross-sectional procedure. Data collection took place from 2nd December 2019 to 21st January 2020. The study population consisted of mothers of children aged 6 to 12 months residing in Thiès and seen at the reference health centre of the Thiès Health District during infant vaccination sessions. The number of subjects was 400 mothers recruited using a systematic survey, with a sampling interval equal to two. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview. Predictive factors were identified using the Cox regression model. The adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) are calculated. Results the average age of the mothers was 27.08 ± 6.34 years. The proportion of mothers who breastfed their child within one hour of birth was 29.25%. The proportion of those who practiced EBF was 41.50%. The incidence density of EBF cessation was 14 person-months per 100 breastfeeding mothers. The median duration of EBF was 5 months. Lack of advice on EBF during antenatal care (AHR=1.42; 95% CI =1.08-1.85), sources of information other than health professionals (AHR =1.51; 95% CI =1.05-2.19), late initiation of EBF, i.e. breastfeeding beyond 24 hours after birth (AHR =1.53; 95% CI =1.02-2.28) and low level of knowledge about EBF (AHR =1.46; 95% CI =1.11-1.92) were significantly associated with early termination of EBF. Conclusion the promotion of EBF for up to six months will necessarily involve the promotion of prenatal consultations during which professionals should raise awareness among future mothers.","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135358062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of alopecia universalis","authors":"Amol Deshpande, Mayuri Deshpande","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.44.41181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.44.41181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135840727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal muscular atrophy in Ghanaian children confirmed by molecular genetic testing: a case series","authors":"Charles Kumi Hammond, Emmanuel Oppong, Emmanuel Ameyaw, Joslin Alexei Dogbe","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.78.32240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.78.32240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135561099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A palpable change in medical education post-COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Haitham Mohamed El Bingawi, Salah Eldin Abdel Hag Abdel Haleem","doi":"10.11604/pamj.2023.46.70.37676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.46.70.37676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131455,"journal":{"name":"The Pan African Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134883188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}